Mfr Nara- t5- Dos- Moss Frank- 9-10-03- 01054

8/14/2019 Mfr Nara- t5- Dos- Moss Frank- 9-10-03- 01054

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! COMM IS SIO N S EN SIT IV Eyf)11~-tJ

~ca"~--Event: Briefing by Frank Moss, DAS for Passports, U.S. Department of StateType of event: BriefingDate: September 10, 2003Special Access Issues: NonePrepared by: Tom EldridgeTeam Number: 5Location: Department of StateParticipants - Non-Commission:Name AgencyrritleFrank Turley CAlFPP - DirectorDerwood Staeben CAIP

Barrett CAlPassportFrank Moss CAl DAS-PassportShennan Portell CAlPassport/IMLISLRich Martin CAlEXJCSDIPSJohn Mercer CAlPassportJoAnne CAlSenior Advisor (biometrics)Kevin Overstrom CAlFPP

Phone202-663-2560202-6471489202-663-2444202-647-5366202-663-2408202-663-2406202-663-2646202-647-5238202-663-2584

Participants - Commission:Tom EldridgeM. Elizabeth SwopeSusan GinsburgJanice Kephart-Roberts

Counsel Team 5Team Leader Team 5Counsel Team 5Counsel Team 5

202-40 I ..1686202-401- 726202-401-1747202-40 I-I 705

Documentslhandouts received the Commission: A copy of the powerpoint presentationprovided to the Commission. A document titled, "Technologies and Design Elements of the 1998U.S. Passport."

COMM IS SIO N S EN SIT IV E


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COMMISSION SENSITIVEOther contacts referred to:Jim Williams - DHS contact on bimoetricsStuart Verdery - DHS Undersecretary handling U.S. VisitChamy Lions --?TEXT:BackgroundThere are 900 DOS employees adjudicating passports.There are 600 contractors who are also involved in the process.The average adjudicator handles 150-200 cases per day.They adjudicate about 7 million/yearCurrent capacity of passport agency: 10million passports per year.There are 53 million U.S. passports in circulation (20% of our amcits)1994 -last major revision to the U.S. passport-- contained a new security laminate

-- contained hundreds of hidden security features-- made by GPO for $2.25 per copy1996 - photo-digitized passport being developed1998 - photo-digitized passport first placed onto the passport datapage__plan on obsolescence/ overcome by fraud within five years.Y2K -- diverts passport services resources and attentionEnd 2001 _..finished process of introducing photo-digitized passportLocations of passport agency service centers:2 megacenters in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and Charleston, South Carolina1111 19th Street - a center providing passports to usa diplomatic and civilian and specializedagencies.FundingHow funded: Indirectly. Machine Readable Visa Fees are a significant source of DOS funding.Passport fees -- $400 million/year - go into the general U.S. Treasury. A passport expedition feeof $65 per passport generates $95 million/year. These funds go into a capital investment fund ofthe State Department. In return (sort of) for this capital investment fund influx, the passportagency gets an outflux ofMRV fees money for its budget.How MRV fees affect passport agency budget. MRV fees have risen, as demand has dropped inthe past two years. The total of MR V fees has increased, but the amount passed back to thepassport agency has not kept pace with the new costs, such as for the development of biometrics.Western Hemisphere Project

COMMISSION SENSITIVE


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COMMISSION SENSITIVEStudying a requirement that Amcits must have a passport to travel to Mexico or Canada andCanadian cits must have a passport to travel to the U .S .Under the INA, the SecState decides if AmCits need a passport to travel within the WesternHemisphere.140 million Americans cross the border every year in the WH, but it is unclear how manyindividual citizens this represents.Enhanced Border Security Act of2002 - Section 303(C)(1). Requires an embedded biometricfor citizens of visa waiver countries who want to come to the U.S. after October 26,2003. Pointsto leAO for the standard. This provision is waivable and was waived by SecState in September2003, unti1 October 26, 2004. 'ICAO - decided that a contactless chip would be the best and would work across all platforms-passports, visas, and travel cards. Standard for size of chip - 12 KB.Rollout of the Contactless chip biometric passportBy October, 2004, DOS plan is to have a small number of the contactless chip passportsproduced with a 32 KB chip.Late winter/early spring 2005. DOS plans beginning production of contactless chip passport.End 2005. DOS plans full production of contactless chip passport .Today, they are sending out Requests for Information (RFIs) to "the world." They have receivedback 40 responses from businesses primarily giving them information and advice about how toimplement a biometric passport.Security concerns Among the concerns are "skimming" - i.e., the ability of someone employingtechnology to read the passport by holding a piece of equipment in close proximity to thepassport even when it is in a person's pocket. T his is a matter of concern to usa agencies

andis on the plate for leAD to address in their stan ar s etermination.

Other concerns. Procurement is an issue. State is working on having GPO be the purchasingagent for the passport from the vendors who will produce it. That would simplify the process.Goal of new passport. To look behind the paper.Coordination with other agencies/databases. State is working with SSA to check SSNs to see ifthey are in circulation as part of their passport adjudication. are also working to gainaccess to private databases such as Choicepoint and Axiom .

COMMISSION SENSITIVE 3


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COMMISSION SENSITIVEAnti-fraud efforts .5tat5: THIS YEAR: 32,766 cases sent to Fraud Prevention Managers for screening; 2,854 ofthese sent to DS for criminal investigation; 491 accepted for prosecution; 203 people arrested inconnection with these cases.

'-State has a sophisticated anti-fraud program under which they educate passport applicationacceptors and adjudicators about fraud indicators, do investigations of suspected fraud, and makeappropriate referrals for prosecution.Validation studies. After issuing, they have gone back to a randomly se1ected 1,000 passport setto see if any were obtained by fraud. They have conducted this exercise twice and both timesturned up NO fraudulently-issued passports.Belief on volume of fraud. State believes they un~over one half of the total passport fraudcommitted.State is now scanning all prior passport applications into CLASS.Prosecution -- Centers for Excellence. The USA in New Hampshire will prosecute any passportdfraud case originating from applications that pass through the Portsmouth Center.TRAPTerrorism indicators created from review of previous terrorists.CLASS15-16 million names of visa refusals3 million lost or stolen passport records.75 million who are a flight risk - unclear what is source of these.0-8 IssueThe issue of whether countries can better coordinate on the sharing of information on lost orstolen passports may be raised by the U.S. in the 0-8 when the U.S. has the presidency next year.Individuals working on the issue are Gary Edson from the NSC and Dr. Russ Newman of theUSOSTP (Office of Science Technology Policy). Mosss thinks a secure website couldserve as a central repository for lost and stolen passport data.Moss said that international information sharing now was better on stolen passports than on lostones.ceoHas information reliably input from State allover world since 1998.In last eight months, State has created links across CCD datafiles. For example, now a personsearching NIV records for a particular applicant will see the IV records relating to that sameapplicant on their screen.

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COMMlSSION SENSITIVE

DHS Coordination on visit, etc.Asa HutchinsonJim WilliamsBob MottneyShary LionsState is working to provide all passport documents to DHS through electronic databases. Thesupporting docs can be numerous and their availability to DHS could be very useful in fraud orCT investigations.Implications for the Visa Waiver ProgramDAS Moss said it was his belief that the biometric passport, when adopted by VW countries,could improve security of travel from visa waiver countries by :

1. creating a more secure passport (harder for terrorists to forge one and acquire VWcitizenship)2. By allowing for better datasharing on U.S. passports (?)

3. ?Facial Recognition software an~ PilotNIST did a study in 2002

was done with DOD and DOS moneyThe findings were that FR was 90% effective in a 1 to 1 match.

The October 26, 2004 deadlineMoss said there are good reasons why we would give a break to some countries on the deadline.

Most countries will have difficulty meeting the 10-26 deadline. The only possible exception isAustralia. On 9-12, Moss was on the phone with the Canadiens, who were amazed at the U.S.progress in their biometric passport program .



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COMMisSION SENSITIVEAccording to Moss, State believes the 10-26-04 deadline is finn, in that countries must both (1)have a biometric program and (2) have their biometric passport in production on that date to bein compliance. Other agencies, he indicated, do not believe the deadline must be so strict.Breeder documentsSections 656 and 657 of IRAIRA gave authority to develop uniform national standards onbreeder documents to the INS. This was a mistake, Moss said, because INS had no real desire totake on this responsibility. Really, this authority should be given to the National Center forHealth Statistics (NCHS), a branch of the CDC.Goal is to have one state-authorized birth certificate with some security features such awatermark,Future Projects

1. Western Hemishpere2. Biometric Passports3. Breeder documents4. 0-8 coordination

. 5. More validation studies



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i' , I~

Briefing on PassportOperations for the9/11 Commission

ByBureau of Consular A ffa irs

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Issues To Be Covered:


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Passport Security


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High-techcrystagramf ilm de te rscounterfeit ing

Advantages of Photodigitization

D ig it iz ed p ic tu r eIS secureagain st photo -substitution

"Only a handful of attempts to defeatphotodigitization in 5 years."r ;-11 J t ; : ' i ' "tl~) : i "1 ' . U n _ ~

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"Counterfeiting a photo digitizedpassport is a daunting challenge"


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Photodigitized Books in Circulation(in ions) .

'93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03


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J : : . V ' .(OW" ~oP t v . > / '0\ r ; q J - rf' . Consu lar Lookout and Support System (CLASS) W IN database M ultip le Issuance Verification (M IV ) Consular Lost and Sto len Passport (CLASP)II PRISM/P IERS

Passport Systems

B ackscanning passporta pp licatio ns to 1 994 O verseas Photo-D ig itized

P assport (O PDP)IIConso lid ate d Consula rDatabase (CCD ) PLOTS l ~ ~ ~ . s ~t~ i'CtlC


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Biometrics in u.s. PassportsImproving the Product

II


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Passport AdjudicationImproving the Process

Identity C itizen sh ip

IIComm e rc ia l d atabases No t cred it checksIIDa taSh are e ffo rts

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Fraud Prevention EffortsII

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