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Project SLOPE 1 WP 7 – Piloting the SLOPE demonstrator
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Project SLOPE1
WP 7 – Piloting the SLOPE demonstrator
Project SLOPE
Mid-term Review2/Jul/2015
T7.1– Definition of evaluation methodology
Brussels, July 2nd, 2015
Kühmaier Martin, Pichler Gerhard, Kastner Maximilian, Stampfer Karl Institute of Forest EngineeringDepartment of Forest and Soil SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
Overview
Mid-term Review2/Jul/2015
• Status: Completed (100%)• Length: 3 Months (From M14 to M16)• Involved Partners
• Leader: BOKU• Participants: CNR, ITENE, MHG, GRAPHITECH, GREIFENBERG
• Aim: develop principles and guidelines for the evaluation of SLOPE system, especially for the demonstration sites in Austria and Italy
• Output: D.7.01
Objectives
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Processes in timber harvesting
• Bottlenecks in timber supply
• Performance rating and evaluation methods
Processes in timber harvesting
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Drawing flow charts for current harvesting system and SLOPE system to structure information
• “A process flow diagram is a graphical way to describe the processes and it will help us to structure the information that we collect during the case analysis or process improvement project.” Cachon & Terwiesch (2009)
• The process flow charts in task 7.1 contain a chronological description of the working processes
Processes in timber harvesting
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Flow charts visualize each operational process of the timber supply chain in steep terrain in the right sequence
• Decisions, connections of activities and decisions and the data and information flow are also part of such a visualization
• Advantages: Visualize what is going on Understand a process chain Getting a better overview about the single properties Expose possible strengths, risks, flaws and bottlenecks
Bottlenecks in timber supply
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Efficiency gaps in supply chains are called bottlenecks
• For determination of bottlenecks in current harvesting systems a literature review and an experts brainstorming has been applied
• Bottlenecks of the SLOPE system were detected by an experts brainstorming process
• By identifying bottlenecks, processes and activities are shown which have to be improved
• Demonstration activities (task 7.3) should focus on bottlenecks
Bottlenecks tree marking SLOPE
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
BottlenecksImpacts on the supply chain
efficiency
additional effort and time consumption for marking trees with RFID tags
higher supply costs
qualified workforce is neededwithout qualified workforce SLOPE is unconvertible
because of its high level technology degree
handling/usability and error rate of the marker/tagsadditional effort and time consumption, high error rate
causes a loss of information
durability and technical functionality of the marker during field operations
if the tag/reader doesn’t work harvesting isn’t possible or is based on the experience of the operator
cost efficiency (expensive tags) higher supply costs
acceptance of technology and equipment by operatorsacceptance is necessary for implementation into the
supply chain
Effort, time consumption andsurvival rate shouldbe estimated duringdemonstrations
Performance rating and evaluation
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Individual evaluation methods for single supply processes
For the example extracting
Potential indicators: Workforce needed Time consumption (installation time, operating time, waiting time,
delay time, de-installation time) Investment costs for technical devices Material costs (consumables) Fuel consumption Location of carriage (GPS position)
Performance rating and evaluation
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Individual evaluation methods for single supply processes: example extractingResults we should achieve: Total time needed to extract 1 m³ of timber Time needed to extract 1 m³ of wood divided into main processes: slack pulling, choker setting,
driving with load, unloading, driving unloaded Costs to extract 1 m³ of timber Accuracy of GPS positioning (check the database in real time)
• General approach for the evaluation of single supply processes: Benefit analyses Productivity study
• Evaluation method for the whole supply chain – supply chain performance rating: Business process mapping Performance rating indicators (cycle time, inventory, flow rate, process capacity…)
Conclusions
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Many differences between the current and the SLOPE timber supply chain technical equipment (remote sensing systems; RFID marking; intelligent carriage,
processor head and truck) data collection and processing cross-linking the collected information
• SLOPE generates a flood of data in comparison to the current system of timber supply → processing large data volume will be a challenge
• Acceptance of the new technical equipment and implementation into supply chain will be difficult and has to be tackled → small forest enterprises
• Technical equipment of SLOPE is far superior to the equipment of the current system (RFID: traceability after logging; intelligent processor: quality related crosscutting ability)
Conclusions
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Current system: most bottlenecks were located in extracting, processing and transporting layout of cable lines dimension of support/anchor trees piece-volume wrong estimated processing the tree is not optimized difficult quality assessment of the tree/log technical failures experience of operator…
• SLOPE system: more bottlenecks were identified → still in the development phase more know-how and technical skills are needed additional effort and time consumption for marking trees with RFID tags acceptance of technology and equipment durability rate and technical functionality of the new equipment increasing amount of data…
Conclusions
Mid-term Review Meeting, Brussels
02.07.2015
• Especially problems with the new technical equipment could be a challenge→ tackling through: experimental design of demonstration activities
• Without being aware and finding solutions for most of the bottlenecks, SLOPE will have problems to be implemented in practice by foresters
• Process description and bottleneck survey are also necessary for selecting the most suitable methods to evaluate the SLOPE system
• For evaluation of the supply chain benefit analysis and productivity studies were decided to assess SLOPE demonstration activities
• The detailed design of those methods will be developed in task 7.2 and executed in task 7.3 in the Italian and Austrian case study areas
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Contact info
Martin Kühmaier: [email protected] Pichler: [email protected] Kastner: [email protected]
Thank you for your attention
Kick-off Meeting 8-9/jan/2014
References
Kangas A., Kangas J. & Kurttila 2008. Decision support for forest management. Managing Forest Ecosystems. Vol. 16. Springer, USA. 222 p. Magagnotti & Spinelli (ed.) 2012. Good practice guidelines for biomass production studies. CNR IVALSA, Italy. 52 p. MCPFE, EC & UNECE/FAO 2010. Good practice guidance on the sustainable mobilisation of wood in Europe. European Commission – DG Agriculture and Rural Development, European Union. 76 p. Schuh 2001. Entscheidungsverfahren zur Umsetzung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung. Dresdner Beiträge zur Betriebswirtschaftslehre, TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT DRESDEN, Fakultät Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Dresden. 31 S. Windisch 2012. Process Modelling for Streamlined Fuel Supply. Finnish Forest Research Institute, http://enerwoods.ku.dk/documents/9_Windish_03092012.pdf, power point 19 p. (downloaded on 27.04.2015) Windisch, Röser, Mola-Yudego, Sikanen, Asikainen 2013. Business process mapping and discrete-event simulation of two forest biomass supply chains. Biomass and Bioenergy 56, 370-381. Xu & Yang 2001. Introduction to Multi-Criteria Decision Making and the Evidential Reasoning Approach. Manchester School of Management University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Working Paper No. 0106, Manchester. 21 p.
Bosch & Trick 2005. Integer Programming in Search methodologies: Introductory tutorials in optimization and decision support techniques, eds. E. Burke and G. Kendall. Springer, USA. 620 p. Burke & Kendall 2005. Search methodologies: Introductory tutorials in optimization and decision support techniques. Springer, USA. 620 p. Cachon & Terwiesch 2009. Matching Supply with Demand-An Introduction to Operations Management. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York. 485 p. Dowsland & Trick 2005. Classical Techniques in Search methodologies: Introductory tutorials in optimization and decision support techniques, eds. E. Burke and G. Kendall. Springer, USA. 620 p. Erber, Kanzian & Holzleitner 2014. INFRES – Innovative and effective technology and logistics for forest residual biomass supply in the EU (311881), Full supply chain performance and re-engineering report – D2.3. BOKU, Vienna. 96 p. Heinimann, Stampfer, Loschek & Caminada 2001. Perspectives on Central European Cable Yarding Systems. The International Mountain Logging and 11th Pacific Northwest Skyline Symposium 2001, Seattle. 12 p. Hetsch 2008. Potential sustainable wood supply in Europe. UNECE/FAO Timber Section, European Commission – DG Agriculture and Rural Development, Geneva. 44 p. Imaoka 2005. Understand Supply Chain Management through 100 words. Published by KOUGYOUCHOUSAKAI, http://www.lean-manufacturing-japan.com/scm-terminology/bottleneck-constraint.html (downloaded on 28.04.2015)
Kick-off Meeting 8-9/jan/2014
Picture sources
Last downloaded on 02.06.2015:• http://www.holz-broeker.de/images/ansicht-luftbild-saegewerk-schnittholz.jpg• http://www.riebli-forst.ch/bilder/maschinen/holz-lkw04_b.jpg• http://cdn.trendhunterstatic.com/thumbs/green-action-institute.jpeg• http://www.rfidjournal.com/lib/x/a/assets/2009/11/5350-3.jpg• http://www.dronelife.com/cms/sites/default/files/product/eBee_0.jpg• http://www.barcoding.com/images/Symbol_MC9090G_RFID_product.jpg• http://www.moravia.at/produkte/gross/271B0005_250_q.jpg• http://www.rfidworld.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/RFID-Nail-Tag-300x294.jpg• http://www.greifenberg.it/tecnopower/gallery_6.jpg• http://www.woodbusiness.ca/images/heads-arbro.jpg• http://www.sparpointgroup.com/images/uploadedImages/Images/02.10.11.FARO-in-the-woods.png• https://i.ytimg.com/vi/UAd7C4px7mU/hqdefault.jpg• http://www.greifenberg.it/t31100/gallery_5.jpg• http://www.greifenberg.it/tecnoextremepower/gallery_1.jpg• http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/fileadmin/data/H03000/H91000/H91500/bilder/slope_ft_web.png
Project SLOPE
Mid-term Review2/Jul/2015
T7.02– Preparation of demonstrators
WP7 - Piloting the SLOPE demonstrator
Brussels, July 2th, 2015
Overview
Mid-term Review2/Jul/2015
• Status: progress (30%)• Length: 3 Months (From M16 to M19)• Involved Partners
• Leader: CNR• Participants: GRAPHITECH, ITENE, COMPOLAB, COAST, MHG,
BOKU, FLY, GRE, TREAim: assess the technical and economic feasibility of the proposed system and compare it with the current working methods.• Output: D.7.02 Protocol for the experimental design of
demonstration activities
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Definition of activities
• Forest inventory (FIS)• Harvest planning• Harvest operations• Logistics, storage and sale
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Definition of activities
Forest inventory (FIS)
GRA, FLY, TRE, COAST, CNR, BOKU• Define cost of inputs and elaboration• Comparison with current system • Demonstration to operators
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Definition of activities
Harvest planning
BOKU, GRA, CNR, ITENE, TRE, MHG, GRE• Boundaries and output -> defined• Comparison with current system• Estimate the cost of the service (release and maintenance)
Harvest simulation tool -> cable way planningRoad and logistic simulation -> current transport planning
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Definition of activities
Harvest operations
BOKU, CNR, ITENE, TRE, COM • Boundaries and outputs -> defined• Comparison with current system -> defined• Calculate costs and productivity based on pilots and bibliography• Estimate the value of indirect products (traceability, historical
data)
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Definition of activities
Logistic and sale
BOKU, CNR, ITENE, TRE, MHG• Boundaries and outputs -> defined• Comparison with current system• Calculate costs and productivity based on pilots and bibliography• Estimate the value of indirect products (no sorting, reduced yard
effort, lower transportation)
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Definition of activities
ACTIVITY SLOPE METHOD CONVENTIONAL APPROACH FOR COMPARISON
marking harvestingoperations
RFID Tags und visualmarking
visual marking with colour spray
making a time study for both methods
determining personnel expendituredetermining the financial effort of both methods through cost calculation (staff-, machine-, equipment-, material-, data analysis- and other costs) making a benefit analysis for both methods (scoring model)making a cost-benefit analysis for both methods
• Innovative and current methods are described and contrasted.• Common and different work or output elements are highlighted.• An approach for comparison is proposed.
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Data collectionAll partners: Economic estimates of the services and activities (data collection,
data elaboration, interface generation/maintenance)
Pilot studies (operations): - Time study of machines and personnel at element level - Work cycle split into functional steps (elements) and time
consumption recorded separately - Fuel consumption- Productivity (quality and quantity)- Estimation of maintenance- Consumables cost (e.g. RFID tags)
Mid-term Review 2/Jul/15
Data collection
Spray marking
Spray marking
Observetree
Observetree
RFID marking
Identifytree on
database
Move tonext tree
Move tonext tree
Example of work cycle for tree marking
• Current
• Slope
