Midterm Review

U.S. History

1.

This is the economic system responsible for British citizens settling

colonies.

Mercantilism

2.

This outlawed slavery in the Ohio River Valley and set up the process where a territory could become a state.

Northwest Ordinance

3.

Great Britain forced U.S. citizens into British Navy to fight against France in 1812.

Impressment

4.

The President, in 1823, warned Europeans not to colonize in the Western Hemisphere.

Monroe Doctrine

5.

This concept refers to the period in U.S. History when ordinary white citizens without land got the chance to vote.

Jacksonian Democracy

6.

This was demonstrated using Muskets by Eli Whitney.

Interchangeable Parts

7.

This was ultimately what caused the Mexican American War.

Border Dispute

8.

President of the Confederate States of America.

Jefferson Davis

9.

Parents owned slaves but they became abolitionist speakers in the United States.

Grimke Sisters

10.

Manmade invention that connected Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.

Erie Canal

11.

Ended Reconstruction in the United States.

Compromise of 1877

12.

First permanent English settlement in the New World.

Jamestown, VA

13.

Religious revival during colonial period.

Great Awakening

14.

Lewis & Clarke explored the Louisiana Territory looking for this.

Northwest Passage to the Pacific

15.

Place where soldiers went hungry and suffered during Revolutionary war.

Valley Forge

16.

This concept refers to God’s desire for the U.S. to experience Territorial Expansion.

Manifest Destiny

17.

Nat Turner caused this to increase when he led a slave revolt in Southampton, VA in 1832

North-South Divisions

18.

Organization formed to help released slaves with food, clothing, shelter, medicine.

Freedman’s Bureau

19.

Persuaded northern people to fight on based on moral reasons for winning the Civil War.

Gettysburg Address

20.

This was destroyed to cripple the ability of Confederate troops to be resupplied. It was a major railway hub.

Atlanta

21.

The route in the transatlantic trade that

forcefully shipped African slaves to the colonies

Middle Passage

22.

In this Washington warned leaders not to form political parties or intervene in European wars.

Farewell Address

23.

This caused the rise of Industries in the North before the Civil War.

Interchangeable Parts

24.

This individual was leader of the Federalists.

Alexander Hamilton

25.

To keep down conflict with Native Americans, King George III told colonists not to cross Appalachian Mountains.

Proclamation of 1763

26.

Split the Confederacy in two. Location of a Battle that was part of the Anaconda Plan.

Vicksburg

27.

Joint Stock Company that founded Jamestown

Virginia Company

28.

Incident that caused South Carolina to secede from the union.

Election of Lincoln

29.

This concept means the right to vote.

Suffrage

30.

Civil War began here.

Fort Sumter

31.

First representative government in the New World.

House of Burgesses

32.

This forced Parliament and King George III to negotiate peace with the U.S. during the Revolutionary War.

Capture of Cornwallis

33.

This term refers the U.S. threatening to take the Oregon Territory from Great Britain by force.

54° 40” or fight

34.

This was used by Puritans to boost their church membership.

Half-way Covenant

35.

Thomas Jefferson originally wanted to only buy this from Napoleon so that he could control the Mississippi River.

Port of New Orleans

36.

Worked himself out of poverty to become wealthy inventor and statesman in the colonies.

Benjamin Franklin

37.

In his book, Spirit of the Laws, wrote about Separation of Powers.

Montesquieu

38.

Individual that burned Atlanta and made the

“March to the Sea”

William T. Sherman

39.

This region of the colonies was different than the others in that it was based on commerce & Industry.

New England

40.

Bloodiest single day battle of Civil War. Lincoln gives Emancipation Proclamation after.

Antietam

41.

The system of government where two governments rule over the people at the same time.

Federalism

42.

Created the 3630 line of latitude to determine

where slavery could expand westward in 1820

Missouri Compromise

43.

Concept that means to withdraw from the United States of America.

Secede

44.

Group formed during reconstruction that used violence and intimidation to keep freedmen from voting.

KKK

45.

This forced Great Britain to officially recognize the U.S. as an independent country.

Treaty of Paris 1783

46.

One word that explains why French & Indian war led to American Revolution.

DEBT

47.

i. Great Britain refused to leave forts in Ohio River Valley.

ii. Britain interfered with U.S. trade with a Blockade.

iii. Britain inciting Native Americans.iv. Britain practicing Impressment.

Causes of War of 1812

48.

Charles II took this from Massachusetts for not obeying the Navigation Acts.

Charter

49.

First direct tax on colonists by Great

Britain. Required seal on Paper products.

Stamp Tax

50.

This movement sought the immediate ending of

slavery

Abolition

51.

This group refused to ratify the Constitution without a Bill of Rights.

Anti-Federalist

52.

Boosted Washington’s troops morale because it was a victory after a long series of defeats.

Crossing the Delaware

53.

This law in Adam’s administration violated the freedoms of speech and press.

Alien & Sedition Acts

54.

People in Salem were accused of practicing dark magic and sentenced to death using court system.

Salem Witchcraft trials

55.

Publisher of the Abolitionist newspaper The North Star

Frederick Douglas

56.

Extended the Northern War effort to ending slavery.

Emancipation Proclamation

57.

Advantage the South had over the North during the Civil War.

Skill of Generals

58.

English philosopher that influenced Thomas

Jefferson’s writing the Declaration of Independence

John Locke

59.

This protected the rights of Individuals and States.

Bill of Rights

60.

Cash Crop that made Virginia Wealthy

Tobacco

61.

Supreme Court case that held that African Americans were property not citizens.

Dred Scott

62.

Created popular sovereignty as a way to determine if territories would be slave or free.

Kansas-Nebraska

63.

Individual chosen commander of the

Continental Army in American Revolution.

George Washington

64.

Type of powers used by President Lincoln against spies in the capitol.

Emergency Powers

65.

Roger Williams founded this colony based on democratic freedoms like freedom of religion.

Rhode Island

66.

This event proved to everyone the U.S. government was strong under the Constitution.

Whiskey Rebellion

67.

This mechanism determined how the founders would deal with slavery in determining a states’ representation in Congress (Constitutional Convention).

3/5ths Compromise

68.

Laws passed during Reconstruction to keep

African Americans working and to deprive them of

equality.

Black Codes

69.

This reform movement’s goal was to end the consumption of Alcohol and would eventually result in Prohibition.

Temperance

70.

Revolutionary War ended on a Peninsula here.

Yorktown

71.

White violent abolitionist that raided a federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA to arm

a slave revolt.

John Brown

72.

Secret groups in colonies that resisted efforts by Great Britain. First time colonists united in opposition.

Committees of Correspondence

73.

Used violence to resist Great Britain during Revolution. Threw tea into Boston harbor.

Sons of Liberty

74.

Means denying a person to come before a Judge and be informed of charges and allowed to bond out.

Suspension Habeas Corpus

75.

Idea that Government has an obligation to protect people’s rights or be abolished.

Social Contract

76.

Class struggle during colonial period occurred between frontier farmers and their government.

Bacon’s Rebellion

77.

This ensured that large and small states were equally represented in the New Legislature.

Great Compromise

78.

Convinced many that read it that the colonists needed to declare Independence.

Common Sense

79.

The Erie Canal transformed this place into a center of International trade, commerce, and finance.

New York City

80.

This laid the foundation for the future civil rights movement.

14th Amendment

81.

Lincoln’s speech in which he emphasized not punishing the South but uniting the country with “Charity for all”

2nd Inaugural Address

82.

Weaved & sewed fabric during Boycott to help colonial efforts during Revolution.

Daughters of Liberty

83.

Educational Institution created in Atlanta during Reconstruction to educate African Americans.

Morehouse College

84.

Example of direct democratic government in the Colonial Period in New England.

Town Hall Meetings

85.

This group of people owned originally owned New York but called it New Amsterdam.

Dutch

86.

California entered as a free state, slave trade outlawed in D.C., Fugitive Slave law passed.

Compromise of 1850

87.

This group wanted a stronger central

government and supported the Constitution.

Federalist

88.

Proposal in congress that had the goal of stopping the spread of slavery. It failed but increased North/South tensions.

Wilmot Proviso

89.

This concept refers to the citizens of a territory determining if they will be a free or slave state by vote.

Popular Sovereignty

90.

Caused by an increase in Tariffs or tax on imported goods. States’ rights v. National Rights.

Nullification Crisis

91.

Individual that helped Benjamin Franklin get French Alliance during the Revolutionary War.

Marquis de Lafayette

92.

Group that impeached Andrew Johnson to control Reconstruction of the U.S. after the end of the Civil War.

Radical Republicans

93.

Native Americans experience lasting defeat in Massachusetts during colonial period.

King Phillip’s War

94.

These were written to convince the states and people to ratify the U.S. Constitution.

The Federalist

95.

Lincoln’s main goal in fighting in the Civil War. Included 2nd Inaugural Address, Gettysburg speech, use of Emergency Powers.

Saving the Union

96.

This exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and signaled to many the U.S. needed a new government.

Shays’ Rebellion

97.

Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness

Natural Rights

98.

Incident that proved Popular Sovereignty was a failure

Bleeding Kansas

99.

She was organizer of the Seneca Falls Conference and sought women’s suffrage.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

100.

The Quakers settled this colony to escape religious persecution

Pennsylvania

101.

Native American Chief and tribe near Jamestown in 1607 that experienced bad relations with colonists

Powhatan

102.

French colony settled because of the Fur trade

Quebec

103.

Author of Common Sense

Thomas paine

104.

Document written by Thomas Jefferson explaining how King George III violated human rights and government obligations

Declaration of Independence

105.

1832 conflict in South Carolina caused by an increase on Tariffs, or taxes on imported goods

Nullification Crisis

106.

Term used to explain the leniency in Andrew Johnson’s plan to Reconstruct the U.S.

Presidential Reconstruction

107.

Ended Slavery in the United States after the Civil War

13th Amendment

108.

Gave African American men the right to vote

15th Amendment

109.

First President impeached in the United States

Andrew Johnson

110.

Vice President who resigned in 1832 to oppose the Tariff of 1828

John C. Calhoun

111.

Concept used by South Carolina to justify actions of South Carolina in the Nullification Crisis

States’ Rights

112.

Period of time that transitioned from skilled labor to mechanized labor

Industrial Revolution

113.

Invention that increased need for more slaves in the south in the 1840s

Cotton Gin

114.

Father of the U.S. Constitution

James Madison

115.

Explorers hired by Thomas Jefferson to investigate the Louisiana and Oregon Territories

Lewis & Clarke

116.

White abolitionist publisher of The Liberator

William L. Garrison

117.

This event caused North/South tensions in 1832 when an African preacher tried to lead a slave revolt

Nat Turner Rebellion

118.

•1 vote per state•9 of 13 to pass laws•No Executive•No Judiciary•No National currency•No power to tax

Weaknesses of Articles

119.

Commander and General of the Army of the Potomac; Northern Army during the Civil War

U.S. Grant

120.

Commander and General of the Army of Northern Virginia; Southern Army during the Civil War

Robert E. Lee