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Model agreements in place-keeping of open spaces
examples from MP4
European UnionEuropean Regional Development Fund
Dr Marcia Pereira & Dr Harry Smith
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Structure
• MP4 project • Model agreements• Four model agreements:
• Emmen• Hamburg Steilshoop• Sheffield• VLM
• Workshop discussion & conclusions
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
MP4 ProjectMaking Places Profitable – Public and Private open spaces
AIM: to demonstrate how open space improvements offer positive socio-economic benefits, and how the benefits offered to key communities can be maintained in the long run (‘place-
keeping’). • supported by Interreg IVB North Sea Region European funding
• four local authorities/public bodies (Emmen, Flemish Land Agency, Gothenburg, Sheffield)
• one charitable foundation (Lawaetz Foundation DE)
• four universities (HCU, HWU, UoC, UoS)
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Model Agreements
MP4 Project Objectives• Assess existing transnational experiences
with place-keeping – literature review & case studies
• Produce model agreements for sustainable partnerships and develop innovations in place-keeping
• Implement, promote and test place-keeping models transnationally
• Monitor and evaluate socio-economic impacts
• Develop place-keeping policies and ‘mainstream’ best practice
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Model Agreements
Model agreements for place-keeping are understood here in a broad way - not necessarily only as legal written documents signed by a number of parties – they may range from formal documents to tacit arrangements.
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Emmen
“Emmen Revisited“ (ER) is an organisation established by Emmen Municipality (Netherlands) in 1998.
Objective: ER initiates urban and village renewal projects. Main objective: improvement of social & living environment.
Collaboration: ER manages the collaboration between municipality, housing corporations and local residents‘ groups in undertaking such projects – and has inputs from other organisations.
Process: the ER process has focused mainly on place-making, and is now actively exploring its application to place-keeping.
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
“Emmen Revisited“ (ER) Model – Municipality of Emmen NetherlandsUrban renewal projects, including open space improvement – e.g. paving and landscaping – through community involvement & partnership
Purpose of PK: focus to date mainly on place-making, currently exploring scope for extending process to place-keeping – e.g. maintenance of open spaces
Actors Place-Making Place-Keeping Monitoring Redress
Emmen Municipality
Legally responsible for public space. Formally signs up to area programme
Emmen Revisited Initiates Permanent District Team (1 from each organisation + 1-3 area volunteers) meets regularly.
Formally signs up to programme for area.
Monitors implementation & management of area programme.
District Team asks ER to intervene if place-keeping responsibilities not met
Housing Corporations
Responsible for houses & adjoining footpaths, gardens. Formally signs up to programme for area.
Social Work
Police
Residents Convenes time-limited District Platform as local consultation body for preparation of area programme (20-25 people inc. orgs. + residents).
Other stakeholders: Province; Water Board; NGOs; private owners; businesses.
Various responsibilities for maintenance of: roads; waterways; landscape & nature; gardens & farmland; business premises.
Hamburg Steilshoop Steilshoop: housing estate built between 1969 and 1975 (75% subsidised housing). 14,300 inhabitants live in 6,380 flats in 21 large blocks with a shopping centre in the centre – Now land & property heterogeneous ownership (~30% private, ~20% public, ~50% various cooperative associations)
Neighbourhood Improvement District (NID): Proprietors in the area are working jointly on the development and implementation of a Neighbourhood Improvement District (NID) in Steilshoop. Difficulties due to present legislation: Hamburg street cleaning law – responsibility of Sanitation Department.
Informal organisation: task force with all partners: identification of problems & solutions - partnership.
Aim: joint cleaning and maintenance activities in the central pedestrian zone.(approx. 1,600 m long - ~60% public and ~40%private ownership)
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Hamburg Steeilshoop Model
Purpose of Place-Keeping: informal coordination of cleaning and maintenance of public and private open spaces in the central pedestrian zone of the Steilshoop estate.
Actors Place-Keeping (management plan) Monitoring Redress
Public Sanitation Department Hamburg (SRH)
Initiated process with support from NID SG
Coordination & large manpower input on cleaning activities "on the ground". Payment of “Kuemmerer”.
Provided regular updates to NID SC
Not formal nor informal
Housing Companies / Proprietors – private, public & cooperatives
Agreed aims and requested support (work) from their contractors and in-house services.Administrative support & funding.
Service companies Responsible for work on the ground, e.g. gardening and cleaning of private open space. Some work on public space on request of the contractors.
District Council Wandsbek - management of open spaces
Followed the process and supported with information
Ministry of Urban Development and the Environment (BSU) Hamburg
Support the process to set up a NID in Steilshoop
Funded minor physical improvements (programme "Lebenswerte Stadt“ 2007-2008). Paid the Kümmerer for the first two years (2008-2009)
Neighbourhood Improvement District (NID) Steering Committee (SC)
Supported the whole process and requested initiation of activites
Support, making available the participation of their inhouse or external service deliverers.
Informal via discussion in the NID SC & joint evaluation report for the first 18 months
Sheffield – Firth Park Firth Park: one of Sheffield‘s oldest and most historic parks – a City Park & City Heritage Site, but also a community park (15.2 Ha).
Features: park landscape, ancient woodland, recreation facilities, community buildings and listed Clock Tower.
“Friends of“ groups: long tradition of Sheffield City Council(SCC) working with “Friends of“ groups to deliver place-keeping activities in parks and open spaces.
Friends of Firth Park (FoFP): established in 1999 by community. Involved in reversal of park‘s decline and ongoing place-keeping.
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
“Friends of“ Model – Friends of Firth Park (FoFP), SheffieldCommunity-based voluntary organisation involved in place-keeping of Firth Park in partnership with SCC
Purpose of PK: maintenance & management of open space and facilities
Actors Place-Making
Place-Keeping Monitoring Redress
SCC Parks & Countryside Service
Landowner & responsible for park management.
SCC Parks Section
Any initiate
Onsite maintenance & management staff. Staff & Parks Officer liaise with FoFP
Progress on ideas & issues may be raised via different routes.
Loss of Green Flag status. Report to Councillors
SCC Policy & Projects Section
Park improvement & development. Regeneration Officer liaises with FoFP projects
Progress monitored via Regeneration Officer reports to FoFP.
Loss of project budget. Report to Councillors.
SCC Community Services Section
Support & guidance to FoFP in delivering activities & events.
Reports to FoFP meetings & to funder
SCC Trees & Woodlands Section
Responsible for woodlands. May attend FoFP meetings.
Reports to FoFP meetings & to funder for specific projects.
Friends of Firth Park
Monthly meeting & lobbies for park users. Specific responsibilities in projects.
Informal responsibility for general management monitoring, also via reports to FoFP. Formal reporting to funders of specific projects.
Loss of project budget.
Flemish Land Agency VLM
VLM: part of the pool of organisations working within the Environment, Nature and Energy policy area of the Flemish Government . Responsible for the organisation and management of open space as well as for shaping rural policy within the rural and peri-urban areas in Flanders.
Partnerships: some of the main stakeholders are the Agency for Nature and Forestry, Regional Landscape organisations as well as farmers and municipalities.
Four models:Land Consolidation projects - improvement of farming through consolidation of land parcels;Land Development projectsLand Development for Nature projects: development/conservation of natural areas (within limitations in rural areas)Agro-environmental management agreements: with farmers , allowing organisation of environmental & landscaping measures (EU agreement programme pillar 21).
allow VLM to organize environmental and landscape measures on farmers’ land. These agreements are based on
the EU agreement program pillar 22 Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
VLM Model – Land Development ProjectsDevelopment of open spaces for recreation, landscape, agriculture, environmental issues, etc.
Purpose of PK: general maintenace e.g. grass/tree cutting, mowing verges, etc
Actors Place-Making Place-Keeping (management plan)
Monitoring Redress
VLM Sets up Steering Committee; leads plan preparation; provides subsidies
Responsible for maintenace first 2-3 years (often sub-contracted to RL). Agreement w/ landowners next 20 years.
Visits owners 2-3 years later. Monitors via Maintenance Filling Card. Often subcontracts monitoring
Execution of management plan not legally enforceable.
Ministry Env.Nat.Energy
Provides capital investment
Provincial Gov. State sector agencies take ownership of infrastructure management/maintenance from VLM. Voluntary agreement for maintenance subsidy. Organised w/other organisations(e.g.NGOs, farmers, RL) via contract.
Municipality
Other state sector agents
Regional Landscape
Provides maintenance via contract (w/ private&public org.) - also education, training, liaison w/volunteers.
Private landowners, farmers
Provide land & capital investment if measureso on their prorperties.
Provide land & capital investment if measureso on their prorperties.
Maybe required to pay back capital investments subsidies if PK responsibilites not met.
initiates
requires
Workshop
• Group discussion – 1 model per group (15')– SWOT analysis– Relation to own context: lessons from
examples and for examples.
• Reporting (10')
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Green Work(s!) Conference Brugge12-13 October 2010
Thank You
MP4 HWU Team:
Dr Harry Smith [email protected]
Dr Marcia Pereira [email protected]
Prof Glen Bramley
Dr Caroline Brown
Dr Scott Fernie
Marilyn Higgins
Dr Alicia Montarzino