Module 1 Introduction to Networking Management 2s.pdf

8/10/2019 Module 1 Introduction to Networking Management 2s.pdf

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Module 1: Introduction toNetworking Management

Overview

What is network management?

Why manage network? Challenges in managing enterprise

networks

Network management areas

Implications for management


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What is Network Management ?

In general, network management is a service that employs a variety, ,

managers in monitoring and maintaining the performance ofnetworks.

Network management means different things to different people. Insome cases, it involves a solitary network consultant monitoringnetwork activity with an outdated protocol analyser. In other cases,network management involves a distributed database, auto-pollingof network devices, and high-end workstations generating real-time

.

*Ref CISCO Systems Website http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/nmbasics.htm#xtocid4

What is Network Management 2

Network management refers to the activities, methods,proce ures, an oo s a per a n o e opera on,administration, maintenance and provisioning of networkedsystems.

Functions performed as part of network management include: controlling, planning, allocating, deploying, coordinating and

monitoring the resources of a network, network planning, frequency allocation and predetermined traffic

routing to support load balancing, cryp ograp c ey s r u on, au or sa on an secur y

management configuration management, fault management, performance

management, bandwidth management; and accountingmanagement


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Why bother with Network

Performance Management ?

Typical Performance Metrics

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) Mean Time to Re air MTTR Response Time

Speed Percentage Availability Reliability Errored Seconds rror a e Voice Quality Others ?


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When things Fail

This is an example of the case where if any one device orprocess fails the whole device or process has failed.

When things Fail

This is an example of the case where if any one device or process failsthe whole device or process has failed.


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When things FailThis is an

the casewhere alldevicesmust fail for

device orprocess tofail.

However !

Network Performance Management Costs Money

Administrative Overheads

Equipment

Links and bearers

Protocol Overheads

Etc.


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The Process for Business Grade

Networking

(Cisco Systems, 2010)

Why Manage your Network?

Managing the network overall: , , -

and virtualised services have turned yesterdays low-speed, data-onlynetworks into information technology platforms supporting a multitude ofbusiness services.

The redundancy and rerouting designed into these networks has mostlyhidden actual hardware or circuit outages from end users.

Managing network performance: The bigger challenge is how to address the often-persistent intermittent

app cat on egra at ons t at represent a t reat to revenue, customerservice and reputation.

The packets transporting business applications throughout a globalnetwork can be leveraged for analysis to achieve the highest level of anetwork operations maturity process.

The reward for using these packets as evidence and implementing amature management process for troubleshooting will be dramaticreductions in mean time to restore (MTTR) application services.

(Haggerty, 2008)


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High Cost of Non-

Responsiveness Corporations Can Lose Millions of Dollars in Just One Hour If a

Mission-Critical Application Becomes Unavailable or Does Not RunCorrectly, Quickly or Completely

Business Average US$ Cost per Hour

Brokerage Operations $6.45 Million

Credit Card Authorisation $2.6 Million

Home Shopping TV $113,000

Pay-per-View TV $150,000

Catalog Sales $90,000

Airline Reservations $89,500

Tele-Ticket Sales $69,000

Package Shipping $28,000

ATM Fees $14,000

Source: Contingency Planning Research

How Much Management?

Todays computer and communicationsso ware an ar ware ave very argeamounts of management capability built in.

It is also possible to install additionalsoftware and hardware and other tools forthe ex ress ur ose of more detailedmanagement.


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5 Challenges in Managing

Enterprise Networks Lack of high-definition visibility

,for medical images to appear can impact treatment options

A unified network can no longer be managed as multiple trafficsilos In the modern, fully converged IP network, voice, video and data compete for

common resources and can affect one anothers even if individual applicationsseem to be working properly

You cannot manage what you cannot see In dealing with service-oriented architecture-based applications, trouble-shooting

must start at the virtual service network level not the physical network level

Monitoring health of infrastructure elements is helpful But also depends on the interaction and communications between network

elements

Must be able to identify business use vs. recreational use vs.security threats Recreational use often presents itself as legitimate traffic from users to a legacy

management tool

The Impact of UnmanagedServices

Network Outages

E.g. banks, airlines, transaction services

Cost money or Customers Indirectly E.g. ISPs, Telcos etc.

Outages may ultimately cause an organisationto go out of business


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Views of Network Management

CEO view financial mana ement of cor orate comms network

management of orders, inventory, accounting information

CIO view corporate budget end-user perspective providing more service with less money

End User view require data comms infrastructure to be working at all

times

Outsourcing

Work does not stop when outsourcing toerv ce rov ers

No Service Providers will sign UnlimitedLiability Liquidated Damages contracts

Network outages can kill companies


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Network Management

Requirements

Fault Management

Accounting Management

Configuration and Name Management

Performance Management

Security Management

Fault Management

A fault is an abnormal condition that

requires management attention (oraction) to repair.


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Setting the Threshold It is important to set the threshold for alarm

,significant faults and quality of service issuescan be dealt with without the networkmanager becoming overloaded with therelevant messages.

Excessive network mana ement, and

excessive network management messagescan actually degrade overall networkperformance.

Accounting Management

Reasons for accounting management: n erna c arge ac s on ne wor use

User(s) may be abusing access privileges

and burdening the network at the expense ofother users

Users may be making inefficient use of thenetwork

The network manager is in a better position toplan for network growth if user activity isknown in sufficient detail.


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Configuration Management

initialising a network and gracefully shutting

down part or all of the network

maintaining, adding, and updating therelationships among components and thestatus of components themselves duringne wor opera on

Adds, Moves and Changes

Security Management

Concerned with:

monitoring and controlling access to networks

generating, distributing, and storingencryption keys

access to all or part of the networkmanagement information

collection, storage, and examination of auditrecords and security logs


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Performance Management Some typical issues of concern to the network manager

include: What is the level of capacity utilisation?

Is there excessive traffic?

Has throughput been reduced to unacceptable levels?

Are there bottlenecks?

Is response time increasing ?

Are customers getting what they paid for ?

Network managers need performance statistics to helpthem plan, manage and maintain large networks

Web-based NetworkManagement

User interface using web technology

HTML pages delivered via HTTP over TCP

platform independence

network management information stored onweb servers


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Key challenges Shift to LANs and the Internet

Large scale move from using mainframes and terminals to PCs, LANs and the Internet.

li i l l i l li li i l l i l liLANs, BNs, and Internet

Focus on integration of organisational networks and applications. Mainproblems: Not all LANs use the same architecture

More types of network technology used, the more complex network management becomes

, Both LAN/Web and WAN managers to recognise that they no longer have total power

Must adopt a written charter to define its purpose, operational philosophy, and long rangegoals

Must develop individual procedures to implement policies

(Copyright2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc)

Key Challenges

Integrating Voice & Data Traditionally, traditional voice anddata networks (e.g., POTS and LANs) were handled by

Voice Communication Manager in Facilities Department: Supervised telephone switchboard, coordinated installation and

maintenance of the voice network Data Communication Manager (IT department): Installed own data circuit, installed and maintained computers

Now, organisations realise benefits of integrating voice and

Simplifies the network, and can lower network costs Eliminates one department Is now more typically found in network management



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Improving performance General activities to improve performance that cut across the

different types of networks: o cy- ase managemen - e ng pr or y po c es or ne wor

traffic in software and configures devices using QoS capabilitiesin TCP/IP and/or ATM

Example-Manager: Sets videoconferencing traffic as the highest prioritysince delays will have the highest impact on the performance of thatapplication

Server load balancing-Used to allocate incoming requests fornetwork servers and uses a separate load balancing server (or arouter/switch) with a special software

- -

and its service providers (ISP or common carriers) Specify the exact type of performance and fault conditions that theorganization will accept

Examples-Availability must be 99% or higher Maximum allocable response time must be lower than 2 minutes


Cost Management

One of the mostchallengingareas over thepast few years

Traffic growingmore rapidlythan thebudget

Managers areforced toprovide greatercapacity at anever lower costper megabyte



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Sources of Cost Total Cost of Ownership

(TCO) measure o ow muc

it costs per year to keepone computer operating

Includes cost of Repairs and

software/hardwareupgrades

Support staff (maintain,, ,

Training and technicalsupport Time wasted by the

user when problemsoccur


Implications for Management

Network management requires A good understanding of networking technologies n a ty to wor w t en users an management An understanding of key elements driving network costs Requires special skill to explain the business value of the

networks to senior management Needed to justify increased cost of management

Recommendations Purchase technologies that will provide strong network

management capabilities Use powerful design and management tools-Saves money in the

long run



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References CA (2008) Strategic Planning for Network and Systems

anagemen , ec arge e aper, va a e on ne: :http://go.techtarget.com/r/4340222/3758610/1

Cisco (2008) Network Management Basics, InInternetworkingTechnology Handbook, Available online:http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/internetworking/technology/handbook/NM-Basics.html

Haggerty, E. (2008) Overcoming Todays IP NetworkChallenges, Newsfactor.com White Paper, Available online:

p: www.news ac or.com s ory.x m s ory_ =

2E&page=1 Wikipedia (2008) Network Management, Available online:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_management

References

Stallings, W, 2005, Section 19.1 Business Data Communications, 5thedn Pearson Education Inc. New Jerse ., ., .

Cisco Systems Inc, 2006, Simple Network Management Protocol,Internetworking Technologies Handbook, Chapter 56, Cisco Systems Inc.www.Cisco.com.

FitzGerald, J and Dennis, A, 2005, Chapter 13 Business DataCommunications and Networking, 8th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NewJersey.

FitzGerald, J and Dennis, A, 2010, Chapter 12 Business DataCommunications and Networking, 10th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NewJersey.

ang, , e, an a , , omparson o ers ons ,and 3;

WindowsNetworkig.com n.d,Understanding the SNMP Protocol -www.windowsnetworking.com

CP3340 Communication Systems-SNMP Environment, www.scit.wlv.ac.uk

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