MOTIVATION: ARCS MODEL Module 6

EDIT 5317 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN FOUNDATIONS

ARCS MODEL (BY JOHN KELLER)

ARCS

Obtain and sustain learners’ attentionPromote personal relevance to instructionHelp gain an appropriate level of confidenceSeek a sense of satisfaction from learners

ATTENTION• When planning instruction, the first thing that instructional designer should consider is how to obtain and sustain learners’ attention. • If you lose learners’ attention at the beginning of the instruction, it is highly likely that they do not focus on what’s been taught/learned and result in lower performance. • Obtaining attention may be easier than sustaining it. Reflect on possible ways you can obtain and sustain students’ attention.

RELEVANCE•Establish relevance to sustain attention and make learners pursue learning. •Learners may ask questions of relevance:

•“Why do I have to study this?” • “I already know this stuff. It doesn’t apply to my job.”

•Learners need to perceive any personal relevance for the instruction.•Make them believe that the instruction is, in fact, related to important personal goals and motives.

CONFIDENCE• After sustaining attention and establishing relevance, make sure your learners are appropriately confident in receiving your instruction. • You need to make sure your learners have overcome the fears related to the topic (knowledge), skill, or situation they are to learn. Less (or low) confidence may prevent learners from learning effectively and efficiently. • At the other extreme, if they are overly confident about themselves, they may overlook important details in the learning activities. • Think of ways to build an appropriate level of confidence!

SATISFACTION• A sense of satisfaction with the learning process or learning outcomes can foster your learners’ desire to learn more about the topic. •Satisfaction comes from various sources, including:

• Extrinsic: advancement, certificates, rewards, praises• Intrinsic: self-esteem for achievement/advancement, willingness to learn new things

Reflection

• Based on your opinion, write out the THREE most interesting statements that Keller made in terms of motivation in the reading. •WHY are these statements of interest to you and WHAT do these MEAN for you as an instructional designer.