Mr. PagliaroMr. Pagliaro

Seymour High SchoolSeymour High School

18611861A Thousand Mile FrontA Thousand Mile Front

North vs. South in 1861North vs. South in 1861North vs. South in 1861North vs. South in 1861

NorthNorth SouthSouth

AdvantagesAdvantages ?? ??

DisadvantageDisadvantagess

?? ??

Rating the North & the SouthRating the North & the SouthRating the North & the SouthRating the North & the South

Slave/Free States Population, 1861Slave/Free States Population, 1861Slave/Free States Population, 1861Slave/Free States Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, 1860Railroad Lines, 1860Railroad Lines, 1860Railroad Lines, 1860

Resources: North & the SouthResources: North & the SouthResources: North & the SouthResources: North & the South

The Union & Confederacy in 1861The Union & Confederacy in 1861The Union & Confederacy in 1861The Union & Confederacy in 1861

Men Present for Duty Men Present for Duty in the Civil Warin the Civil War

Men Present for Duty Men Present for Duty in the Civil Warin the Civil War

Who fought?Who fought?

Ohio Military ServiceOhio Military ServiceOhio Military ServiceOhio Military Service

Soldier’s occupations:Soldier’s occupations:

North & South CombinedNorth & South CombinedNorth & South CombinedNorth & South Combined

Pres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander VP Alexander StevensStevens

VP Alexander VP Alexander StevensStevens

The Leaders of the ConfederacyThe Leaders of the ConfederacyThe Leaders of the ConfederacyThe Leaders of the Confederacy

The Confederate Government in RichmondThe Confederate Government in RichmondThe Confederate Government in RichmondThe Confederate Government in Richmond

MOTTO MOTTO “With God As Our Vindicator” “With God As Our Vindicator”MOTTO MOTTO “With God As Our Vindicator” “With God As Our Vindicator”

The The ConfederateConfederate Seal SealThe The ConfederateConfederate Seal Seal

Northern View of Jefferson DavisNorthern View of Jefferson DavisNorthern View of Jefferson DavisNorthern View of Jefferson Davis

““AnacondAnacondaa

PlanPlan””Union’s Civil War Strategy:•Blockade Southern Ports•Take control of Mississippi River

• Split Confederacy

The “Anaconda” PlanThe “Anaconda” Plan

Lincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s Generals

Irvin McDowellIrvin McDowellIrvin McDowellIrvin McDowell

Winfield ScottWinfield ScottWinfield ScottWinfield Scott

George McClellan,George McClellan,Again!Again!

George McClellan,George McClellan,Again!Again!

George McClellanMcClellanGeorge McClellanMcClellan

Ambrose BurnsideAmbrose Burnside

Joseph HookerJoseph HookerJoseph HookerJoseph Hooker

George MeadeGeorge MeadeGeorge MeadeGeorge MeadeUlysses S. GrantUlysses S. GrantUlysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant

Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run (1(1stst Manassas) Manassas)

July, 1861July, 1861

Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run (1(1stst Manassas) Manassas)

July, 1861July, 1861

Formation of Army of the Formation of Army of the Potomac – Summer 1861Potomac – Summer 1861

…Presdt, Cabinet, Genl Scott & all deferring to me—by some strange operation of magic I seem to have become the power of the land. ... I almost think that were I to win some small success now I could become Dictator or anything else that might please me—but nothing of that kind would please me—therefore I won't be Dictator. Admirable self-denial!– George B. McClellan, July 26, 1861

McClellan: McClellan: I Can Do It All!I Can Do It All!McClellan: McClellan: I Can Do It All!I Can Do It All!

McClellan on LincolnMcClellan on Lincoln

[Lincoln is] "nothing more than a well-meaning baboon", a "gorilla", and "ever unworthy of ... his high position.”

The Confederate GeneralsThe Confederate GeneralsThe Confederate GeneralsThe Confederate Generals

Jeb StuartJeb StuartJeb StuartJeb Stuart

James LongstreetJames LongstreetJames LongstreetJames Longstreet

George PickettGeorge PickettGeorge PickettGeorge Pickett

““Stonewall” JacksonStonewall” Jackson““Stonewall” JacksonStonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Nathan Bedford ForrestForrest

Nathan Bedford Nathan Bedford ForrestForrest

Robert E. LeeRobert E. LeeRobert E. LeeRobert E. Lee

18621862A Very Bloody AffairA Very Bloody Affair

Peninsula Campaign: Peninsula Campaign: Phase 1Phase 1

MCCLELLAN’S AMPHIBIOUS MCCLELLAN’S AMPHIBIOUS DEPLOYMENT OF TROOPS TO RICHMONDDEPLOYMENT OF TROOPS TO RICHMOND

Quaker GunsQuaker Guns

Peninsula Campaign: Phase 2Peninsula Campaign: Phase 2The Seven DaysThe Seven Days

CASUALTIES:

Confederacy 20,000 of

90,000

Union 16,000 of 105,000

McClellan insisted he

was outnumbered

It wasn't war; it was murder.Major General DH Hill

Our success has not been as great or complete as we should have desired. ... Under ordinary circumstances the Federal Army should have been destroyed.General Robert E. Lee

My conscience is clear at least to this extent—viz.: that I have honestly done the best I could; I shall leave it to others to decide whether that was the best that could have been done—& if they find any who can do better am perfectly willing to step aside & give way.Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan

The Monitor vs.

the Merrimac

The Monitor vs.

the Merrimac

The Battle of The Battle of the Ironclads,the Ironclads,March, 1862March, 1862

Damage on the Deck of the MonitorDamage on the Deck of the MonitorDamage on the Deck of the MonitorDamage on the Deck of the Monitor

War in the East: 1861-1862War in the East: 1861-1862War in the East: 1861-1862War in the East: 1861-1862

23,000 casualties23,000 casualties

3654 dead3654 dead

(Sept. 11-2,977 (Sept. 11-2,977 [minus hijackers])[minus hijackers])

23,000 casualties23,000 casualties

3654 dead3654 dead

(Sept. 11-2,977 (Sept. 11-2,977 [minus hijackers])[minus hijackers])

September 17, 1862September 17, 1862

Battle of AntietamBattle of Antietam SINGLE BLOODIEST DAY IN AMERICAN HISTORY SINGLE BLOODIEST DAY IN AMERICAN HISTORY

““... [E]very stalk of corn in the northern and greater part ... [E]very stalk of corn in the northern and greater part of the field was cut as closely as could have been done of the field was cut as closely as could have been done with a knife, and the [Confederates] slain lay in rows with a knife, and the [Confederates] slain lay in rows precisely as they had stood in their ranks a few moments precisely as they had stood in their ranks a few moments before.” Gen. Joseph Hookerbefore.” Gen. Joseph Hooker

“General McClellan had committed barely 50,000 infantry and artillerymen to the contest. A third of his army did not fire a shot. Even at that, his men repeatedly drove the Army of Northern Virginia to the brink of disaster, feats of valor entirely lost on a commander thinking of little beyond staving off his own defeat.”– Stephen W. Sears, Landscape Turned Red

TheTheEmancipatiEmancipati

ononProclamatiProclamati

onon

18631863A Higher CauseA Higher Cause

Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863

African-American Recruiting PosterAfrican-American Recruiting PosterAfrican-American Recruiting PosterAfrican-American Recruiting Poster

The Famous 54The Famous 54thth Massachusetts MassachusettsThe Famous 54The Famous 54thth Massachusetts Massachusetts

August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to

Col. Robert Gould ShawCol. Robert Gould Shaw & Mass. 54th & Mass. 54th

August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to

Col. Robert Gould ShawCol. Robert Gould Shaw & Mass. 54th & Mass. 54th

African-Americans in Civil War BattlesAfrican-Americans in Civil War BattlesAfrican-Americans in Civil War BattlesAfrican-Americans in Civil War Battles

Black Troops Freeing Slaves Aka Black Troops Freeing Slaves Aka ContrabandContraband

Black Troops Freeing Slaves Aka Black Troops Freeing Slaves Aka ContrabandContraband

Extensive Legislation PassedExtensive Legislation PassedWithout the South in CongressWithout the South in CongressExtensive Legislation PassedExtensive Legislation Passed

Without the South in CongressWithout the South in Congress

• 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act• 1862 – Homestead Act• 1862 – Legal Tender Act• 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act• 1862 – Emancipation

Proclamation (1/1/1863)

• 1863 – Pacific Railway Act• 1863 – National Bank Act

• 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act• 1862 – Homestead Act• 1862 – Legal Tender Act• 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act• 1862 – Emancipation

Proclamation (1/1/1863)

• 1863 – Pacific Railway Act• 1863 – National Bank Act

The War in The War in the West, the West,

1863:1863:

VicksburgVicksburg

The War in The War in the West, the West,

1863:1863:

VicksburgVicksburg

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863The Road to Gettysburg: 1863The Road to Gettysburg: 1863The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg CasualtiesGettysburg CasualtiesGettysburg CasualtiesGettysburg Casualties

The North The North Initiates the Initiates the Draft, Draft, 18631863

The North The North Initiates the Initiates the Draft, Draft, 18631863

Buy Your Way Out of Military Buy Your Way Out of Military ServiceService

Buy Your Way Out of Military Buy Your Way Out of Military ServiceService

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYCRecruiting Irish Immigrants in NYCRecruiting Irish Immigrants in NYCRecruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

Recruiting Blacks in NYCRecruiting Blacks in NYCRecruiting Blacks in NYCRecruiting Blacks in NYC

NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)(July 13-16, 1863)NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)(July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)(July 13-16, 1863)NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)(July 13-16, 1863)

A “Pogrom” Against BlacksA “Pogrom” Against BlacksA “Pogrom” Against BlacksA “Pogrom” Against Blacks

Inflation in the SouthInflation in the SouthInflation in the SouthInflation in the South

The Peace MovementThe Peace MovementThe Peace MovementThe Peace Movement

Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham

Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham Knights of the Golden Knights of the Golden

CircleCircle

CopperheadsCopperheads DemocratsDemocrats

Promoted Promoted PeacePeace

End the End the warwar

Didn’t care Didn’t care about about EmancipatiEmancipationon

““To To maintain maintain the the ConstitutioConstitution as it is, n as it is, and to and to restore the restore the Union as it Union as it was ”was ”

18641864Total WarTotal War

Sherman’sSherman’s“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”

Georgia,Georgia,18641864

Sherman’sSherman’s“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”

Georgia,Georgia,18641864

1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election

Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)George McClellan (D)George McClellan (D)George McClellan (D)

Presidential Presidential Election Election Results:Results:

18641864

Presidential Presidential Election Election Results:Results:

18641864

The Final Virginia Campaign:The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-18651864-1865

The Final Virginia Campaign:The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-18651864-1865

18651865The EndThe End

Surrender at AppomattoxSurrender at AppomattoxApril 9, 1865April 9, 1865

Surrender at AppomattoxSurrender at AppomattoxApril 9, 1865April 9, 1865

Ford’s Theater Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)(April 14, 1865)Ford’s Theater Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)(April 14, 1865)

The AssassinThe AssassinThe AssassinThe Assassin

John Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes Booth

The AssassinationThe AssassinationThe AssassinationThe Assassination

WANTED!WANTED!WANTED!WANTED!

Now He Belongs to the Ages!Now He Belongs to the Ages!Now He Belongs to the Ages!Now He Belongs to the Ages!

The ExecutionThe ExecutionThe ExecutionThe Execution

Casualties on Both SidesCasualties on Both SidesCasualties on Both SidesCasualties on Both Sides

Civil War CasualtiesCivil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other Warsin Comparison to Other Wars

Civil War CasualtiesCivil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other Warsin Comparison to Other Wars

The Progress of War: 1861-1865The Progress of War: 1861-1865The Progress of War: 1861-1865The Progress of War: 1861-1865

REVIEWING KEY REVIEWING KEY POINTSPOINTS

OF THE CIVIL OF THE CIVIL WARWAR

Key topic 1: Border Key topic 1: Border StatesStates

Importance:Importance: Strategic LocationStrategic Location Industrial and agricultural resourcesIndustrial and agricultural resources

Key Border StatesKey Border States MarylandMaryland

RR connection from North to DCRR connection from North to DC KentuckyKentucky

Access to MississippiAccess to Mississippi DelawareDelaware

DuPont GunpowderDuPont Gunpowder

Key Topic 2: Antietam Key Topic 2: Antietam and Emancipationand Emancipation

The Battle of AntietamThe Battle of Antietam England/France remained neutralEngland/France remained neutral Lincoln issued Emancipation Lincoln issued Emancipation

ProclamationProclamation Emancipation ProclamationEmancipation Proclamation

Mindful of Border StatesMindful of Border States Moral CauseMoral Cause Rallied abolitionists in EuropeRallied abolitionists in Europe Only freed slaves in rebellious statesOnly freed slaves in rebellious states Caused Copperhead movementCaused Copperhead movement

Key Topic 3: Key Political Key Topic 3: Key Political Actions of the Civil WarActions of the Civil War

Congressional ActionCongressional Action National Bank National Bank

ActActUniform CurrencyUniform Currency Charter of Union-Pacific Charter of Union-Pacific

and Central Pacific RRsand Central Pacific RRs Homestead ActHomestead Act

Presidential PowerPresidential Power Lincoln expanded Lincoln expanded

presidential powerpresidential power Suspended Habeas Corpus Suspended Habeas Corpus

between DC & Phillybetween DC & Philly