MUD CONCRETE BLOCK USING CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE

Under the Guidance of Mr.Santhosh.R( HOD,CIVIL DEPT) Mr. Manjunath sankol ( ASST PROFESSOR CIVIL)

By Aadesh Dhoka(1AY11CT001)

Divyashree.V.P(1AY11CT008)

INTRODUCTION

•MUD CONCRETE BLOCK (MCB) is a block manufactured using construction and demolition waste, quarry dust, granite fines and cement as stabilizer for soil.

•These constituents may increase the durability and enhance the strength parameters which are the drawbacks of conventional mud bricks.

•Mud bricks perform considerably better, in environmental terms, than burnt bricks.

•Mud bricks perform considerably better, in environmental terms than burnt bricks. They have significantly less embodied energy, contribute fewer CO2 emissions.

•It has been Utilized and investigated as a possible form of sustainable construction in the developing, and the developed, world.

•Mud brick construction is not a new technology and it dates back, in various forms, for several thousand years.

Aims and Objectives

•Identify alternatives to coarse aggregate for mud concrete block .

•Investigate the availability of the construction demolition waste in the developing work with India as benchmark.

•Summarize whether the aggregates alternatives are a viable engineering alternative.

•Investigate mud bricks block made with the alternative stabilizers and compare them, quantitatively, to mud concrete blocks for a mechanical properties: a) Compressive strength.

•Investigate whether there would be any social implications to the use of alternative to coarse aggregate

•Recommend future research.

Scope of project•A Local Material•A Environmental Friendly Material•Limiting Deforestation•Adoptable Material •A Transferable Technology•A Job Creation Opportunity•Reducing Imports•Flexible Production Scale•Energy Efficiency

LITERATURE REVIEW1.Mud and Earth construction [2]

Although mud and earth construction has been around for thousands of years it is important to ask whether it is still relevant today. Hadjri,etal. (2007) interviewed ten residents of earthen buildings about the following five key points:

Durability Affordability Living Conditions Aesthetics General Preference

2. A Sustainable Approach towards the Construction and Demolition Waste

While the disposal of debris is a challenge, on the other hand there is an acute shortage of naturally available aggregates for construction of buildings.

Aerial view of mountain being excavated for natural coarse aggregate ( airport road , bengalure )

Reduction of this demand in a small way is possible with the reusing or recycling of construction and demolition waste generated from the construction activities.

3.Reusing and recycling potential of different C&D waste [8]

The items which are usable directly are screened out from the debris and put into the intended use without further processing or further energy input for conversion into the useful product.

This is possible, if sufficient precautions are taken while a building is demolished. There should be an effective deconstruction plan instead of just converting the standing structure into debris within minutes.

Unfired mud bricks have been stabilized with cement to overcome these short comings but the use of cement reduces the environmental differential between unfired bricks and fired ones.  

CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE RECYCLING FOR SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.

C and D waste is generated whenever any construction demolition activity takes place, such as building, roads, bridges, flyover, subway, remodeling etc.

These wastes are heavy, having high density, often bulky and occupy considerable storage space either on the road or communal waste bin. It is not uncommon to see huge piles of such waste, which is heavy as well, stacked on roads especially in large projects, resulting in traffic congestion and disruption.

Continuous industrial development poses serious problems of construction and demolition waste disposal. There is critical shortage of natural aggregate for production of new concrete, and the enormous amounts of demolished concrete produced from deteriorated and obsolete structures creates severe ecological and environmental problem.

Materials used

•SOIL(base material)•QUARRY DUST (filler material)•CEMENT (binding material)•GRANITE FINES•CONSTRUCTION&DEMOLITION WASTE•COARSE AGGREGATES

Test on SoilSpecific GravitySpecific Gravity of soil was found to be 2.55

Atterberg’s limits (Consistency of soils)Liquid Limit(Using casagrande’s apparatus)(WL)=37.55%Plastic Limit(Wp)=20.10%Shrinkage Limit(Ws)=14.23%

Index PropertiesPlasticity Index(Ip)=17.45%Consistency Index(Ic)=74.21%Liquidity Index(IL)=25.78%

Hydrometer test for analysis of slit and clay content

Tests on Granite Fines

The coefficient of uniformity of the granite fines was 10.7

Tests on Construction and Demolition Waste

Property Coarse aggregates

Fine Aggregates

Construction & demolition waste

Specific Gravity

2.57 2.59 2.28

Water Absorption(%)

1.67 1.9 5.8

Bulk density 1502 kg/m³ 1310 kg/m³

MUD CONCRETE BLOCK

FULL REPLACEMENT

PARTIAL REPLACEMENT

1 PART OF SOIL1 PART OF QUARRY DUST1 PART OF GRANITE FINES4 PART S OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE

1 PART OF SOIL1 PART OF QUARRY DUST1 PART OF GRANITE FINES2 PARTS OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE2 PARTS OF COARSE AGGREGATES

7 % CEMENT

10 % CEMENT

7 % CEMENT

10 % CEMENT

CURING FOR 28 DAYS

COMPRESSION TESTS

COMPOSITION OF MUD CONCRETE BLOCK

soil 13%

quarry dust 13%

granite fines 13%

c & d waste 53%

cement (7%) 6%

SPECIMEN A

soil quarry dust granite fines c & d waste cement (7%)

soil . 12% quarry dust . 12%

granite fines . 12%

c & d waste . 54%

cement (7%) . 10%

SPECIMEN B

soil quarry dust granite fines c & d waste cement (7%)

soil 13% quarry

dust 13%

granite fines 13%c & d waste

27%

coarse aggregate

27%

cement 6%

SPECIMEN C

soil quarry dust granite fines c & d waste coarse aggregate cement

soil 13%

quarry dust 13%

granite fines 13%

c & d waste 26%

coarse aggregate 26%

cement 10%

SPECIMEN D

soil quarry dust granite fines c & d waste coarse aggregate cement

Methodology•Analysis of soil•Sieving Of Soil•Processing of construction and demolition waste•Processing of granite fines•Processing of quarry dust•Preparation of the mix•Compaction of the blocks•Curing of the blocks

Casting of blocks

Finishing of blocks

Casted blocks

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONCompressive strength test results after 28 days on 7% Full Replacement SPECIMEN SIZE 300*190*100

20.5 21 21.5 22 22.5 2302468

10121416

SA1SA2

SA3

Specimen A

7% FULL RE-PLACEMENT

Density (KN/m3)

COM

PRES

SIVE

ST

REN

TGTH

(MPa

)Specim

en AWEIGHT (kg) DENSITY

(KN/m3)COMPRESSIV

E STRENTGTH

(MPa)

MOISTURE CONTENT

 

SA1 14.858 20.6 10.951 7%SA2 15.286 22.2 12.58 5.2%SA3 15.004 22.6 14.87 6.75%

Compressive strength test results after 28 days on 10% Full Replacement

22 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.614

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17Specimen B

10% full replace-ment

DENSITY (KN/m3)

COM

PRES

SIVE

ST

REN

GTH

(MPa

)

Specimen

WEIGHT (KG)

DENSITY (KN/m3)

COMPRESSIVE

STRENTGTH (MPa)

MOISTURE

CONTENT  

SB1 14.890 22.07 14.96 5.56%SB2 14.986 22.21 16 6.46%SB3 15.166 22.48 16.72 5.95%

Compressive strength test results after 28 days on 7%Partial Replacement

22 22.2 22.4 22.6 22.8 23 23.2 23.4 23.616.517

17.518

18.519

19.520

20.521

Specimen C

7% partial re-placement

DENSITY (KN/m3)

COM

PRES

IVE

STRE

NG

TH (M

pa)

Specimen C

WEIGHT (KG)

DENSITY (KN/m3)

COMPRESSIVE

STRENTGTH (MPA)

MOISTURE CONTENT

 

SC1 15.368 22.2 18.19 4%SC2 15.82 22.7 19.28 6.64%SC3 16.076 23.5 20.69 2.77%

Compressive strength test results after 28 days on 10%Partial Replacement

22.65 22.7 22.75 22.8 22.85 22.9 22.95 23 23.05 23.122.5

23

23.5

24

24.5

25

25.5

26Specimen D

10% partial replacement

DENSITY (KN/m3)

COM

PRES

SIVE

ST

REN

TGTH

(Mpa

)Specimen

DWEIGHT

(KG)DENSITY (KN/m3)

COMPRESSIVE

STRENTGTH(Mpa)

MOISTURE CONTENT

 

SD1 15.318 22.70 23.94 4.01%SD2 15.484 22.94 24.66 4.46%SD3 15.552 23.05 25.70 4.78%

Average compression test result

Specimen Type Average Compressive Strength( M )

Specimen A 12.14Specimen B 11.45Specimen C 11.98Specimen D 14.36

(SPECIMEN SIZE 150*190*100)( AVERAGE PER 6 BLOCKS)

S-A S-B S-C S-D0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

12.14 11.45 11.98

14.36

5 5 5 5

AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF SPEC-IMEN

average strength

GRADE C

Com

pres

sive

Str

engt

h( M

pa)

According IS 2185-1(2005):Concrete masonry units ,part 1:hollow and solid Concrete blocks [CED 53: cement matrix products ]5.2 Solid Concrete Block — Grade CThe solid concrete blocks are used as load bearing units and shall have a block

density not less than 1800 kg/m3. These shall be manufactured for minimum average compressive strength of 4.0 and 5.0 Mpa respectively

Water Absorption Test Results of MCB

Sl.no. Dry weight of block

Wet weight of block

Water absorbed in %

1. 13.654 13.906 1.8122. 13.522 13.74 1.5863. 13.322 13.474 1.128

•This experimental study of Mud Concrete Block is prepared with C & D waste and quarry dust as a replacement for coarse aggregate and fine aggregate respectively with varying amount of cement as stabilizer.

•We achieved an average compressive strength of:Specimen A : 12.80Mpa (7% cement & 54% of c &d waste)Specimen B: 16.133Mpa (10% cement & 54% of c&d waste)Specimen C : 19.38Mpa (7 % cement & 27 % c & d waste)Specimen D : 24.766Mpa( 10% cement & 27 % c & d waste).

CONCLUSION

•The technique used by us to manufacture the blocks was Adobe which is environmental friendly.

•The maximum water absorption after 48hrs varied from 1.128% to 1.812%.

•A block which contained 7% cement and partially replaced was found to have the highest water absorption of 1.812% which is still under the permissible maximum limit of 10%

•These blocks don’t require any fuel to be burnt or electricity for the manufacturing and drying process.

•The above values of wet compressive strength are good enough for all type of buildings(>5MPA as per IS 2185-2005 for class grade c).

Overall Scope of project•A Local Material•A Environmental Friendly Material•Limiting Deforestation•Adoptable Material •A Transferable Technology•Reducing Imports•Flexible Production Scale•Energy Efficiency

Recommendations for Future Research•More Extensive Testing

•Long Term Durability

•Testing on Blocks made with a machine

•Appropriate Manufacturing Standard

• Availability

References[1] Browne, G. (2009). Stabilised Interlocking Rammed Earth Blocks. Southampton: Southampton Solent University. [2] Doug Harper B.Eng Civil And Structural Engineering School Of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Newcastle University 2011 [3]Hadjri, K., Osmani, M., Baiche, B., & Chifunds, C. (2007). Attitudes Towards Earth Building For Zambian Housing Provision. Engineering Sustainability , 160 (Es3), 141-169.[4]Burroughs, S. (2009). Relationships Between The Strength And Demsity Of Rammed Earth. Construction Materials (Cm3).[5]Recycling Of Construction And Demolition WasteVia A Mechanical Sorting Process_Wen-Ling Huang B, Dung-Hung Lin B, Ni-Bin Chang A,Kuen-Song LincA )Department Of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, 1 University Road, 70101Tainan, Taiwan, RocB )Department Of Civil Engineering, National University Of Applied Science And Technology, Kaohsiung,Taiwan, RocC) Department Of Chemical Engineering, Yuan-Ze University, Chun-Li, Taiwan, RocReceived 2 November 2000; Accepted 12 March 2002

[6]Source :Un Human Settlements Programme[7]A Sustainable Approach Towards TheConstruction And Demolition WasteShishir Bansal1, S K Singh2Research Scholar, Department Of Environmental Engineering,Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India1Head, Department Of Environmental Engineering,Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India [8] Reuse Of Natural Waste Material For Making Light Weight BricksMohammad Shahid Arshad,Dr.Y Pawade[9]Alternative Methods Of Stabilization For Unfired Mud BricksDoug HarperB.Eng Civil And Structural Engineering, School Of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Newcastle University[10]Reuse Of Waste Sand - Brick ManufacturingDr. Krishnan Umachandran, R.Giridhar

Casting of blocks using Adobe technique

Curing of blocks

Thank you