Multidisciplinary Approach to Research in Permanent...

Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale Sezione OCE

CruiseReportN.2014/25sezOCE7EXO 1/28

MultidisciplinaryApproachtoResearchinPermanentOceanographicSites

CruiseReport

Matis-RIT-02

AuthorsVanessaCardin,PaoloMansutti,GiuseppeSiena,StefanoKuchler,CinziaPizzi



TABLEOFCONTENTS: MULTIDISCIPLINARYAPPROACHTORESEARCHINPERMANENTOCEANOGRAPHICSITES .......................................... 1

1 CRUISE DETAILS ............................................................................................................................................... 3

2 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CREW: ........................................................................................................ 4

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................................................... 4

4 CRUISE RATIONEL ........................................................................................................................................... 5

5 SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... 5

6 BRIDGE TIMETABLE OF EVENTS ................................................................................................................ 7

7 LOADING OPERATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 9

8 MOORING OPERATIONS ............................................................................................................................... 10

8.1 RECOVERY OF SECONDARY MOORING ............................................................................................ 10

8.2 DEPLOYMENT OF THE SURFACE BUOY/MOORING ........................................................................ 11

8.3 RE-DEPLOYMENT OF THE SECONDARY MOORING ........................................................................ 13

9 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION USING CTD CASTS ................................................................................. 14

9.1 CTD CASTS .................................................................................................................................................. 14

9.2 SEABIRD PROCESSING .................................................................................................................................. 15

9.3 OXYGEN SAMPLES ....................................................................................................................................... 17

ANNEXA:MOORINGDRAWINGS .................................................................................................................................. 18

ANNEXB:ADDITIONALPHOTOGRAPHS ........................................................................................................................ 21

ANNEXC:VESSEL’SCHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................... 23

C.1.GENERALCHARACTERISTICS ....................................................................................................................................... 23

C.2.VESSELOFFSETS ....................................................................................................................................................... 25

ANNEXD:SCIENTIFICEQUIPMENT ................................................................................................................................ 27

D.1.POSITIONINGANDNAVIGATION .................................................................................................................................. 27



1 CruiseDetails

Name Rit-02

Date 21-26November2013

StudyArea AdriaticSea–SouthernAdriaticPit

ProjectResponsible VanessaCardin

Headofthecruise VanessaCardin

ParticipantInstitutes OGS–OceanographyDepartment

ResearchVessel R/VOGS-Explora

HarbourofDeparture Bari-Italy

HarbourofArrival Bari-Italy

TheMATIS-RITMARENovember2013surveyincludes:

1. E2M3AObservatoryMaintenance2. CTDcastsandRosettewatersampling



2 Scientificandtechnicalcrew:

POSITION NAME INSTITUTIONProjectco-ordinatorandPartyChief VanessaCardin OGS-OCEMooringmaintenance PaoloMansutti OGS-OCEMooringmaintenance StefanoKuchler OGS-OCEMooringmaintenanceandCTDoperator GiuseppeSiena OGS-OCEBiologist CinziaPizzi OGS-OCEBiologist GianmarcoINGROSSO OGS-OCE

Table 2-1 ScientificCrewoftheOceanographydepartment

RANK NAME COMPANYMaster CarmineTeta DiamarCH.Mate CiroCambone Diamar2ndMate ValentinoScottoD’apollonia Diamar2ndMate AndreaDiPietro DiamarChiefEngineer IzetBegic Diamar2ndEngineer CiroSollazzo Diamar3rdEngineer AntonioCoppa DiamarAB(A) SalvatoreScottoDiCarlo DiamarAB(B) AntoninoMaurizioGuaiana DiamarDeckBoy FabioRuggiero DiamarDeckBoy PasqualeMerone Diamar DeckBoy SalvatoreDeVivo Diamar DeckBoy SalvatoreFranco Diamar Electrician ZeljkoLausevic DiamarMotorman GiuseppeSalvatoreCammareri DiamarEng. GeremiaMancino DiamarCook AldoGuida Diamar

Table 2-2 TechnicalcrewoftheR/VOGS-EXPLORA

3 Acknowledgement

We thank the Captain and the crew of the R/V OGS EXPLORA for their hard work throughout

the survey. This research was funded by OGS, the national project RITMARE and the FP7-

INFRA-2012-1.1.11 FixO3 European project.



4 CruiseRationale

Themaintenance of the observatorywas donewith the use of the R/V “Explora” property of

OGS. In theareaof thesitewater sampleswere taken forcalibrationbefore themooringwas

redeployed.

Figure4.1MapoftheAdriaticSeawiththepositionoftheE2M3AObservationSite

5 ScientificBackground

Ocean deep convection takes place due to a well-known sequence of events, involving both

atmospheric and ocean dynamics. However, only a few locations the specific interaction and

conditions required and therefore deep ocean convection areas are rather rare in theWorld

Ocean.Theirpeculiarsensitivenesstometeorologicalandoceanforcingmakethemsuitablefield

laboratory for the study of the variability of the ocean-atmosphere coupled climatic system.

Recentstudiessuggestthattheupper-layercyclonicoranticycloniccirculationintheIonianSea

hasanimportantimpactonthewatermassesthatentertheAdriaticSea.Thus,theareaexhibits

averyhighinterannualvariabilityinducedbyconvective-advectivefeedbackthatisindependent

of the atmospheric forcing, driving to a very high variability of watermasses formation rates

[Borzellietal.,2009,Gačićetal.,2010;Cardinetal.2010,Bensietal.,inpress].Suchhighspatio-

temporalvariabilityof thedeepconvectionand its interactionwithotherprocessesmakes ita

complexphenomenontostudy.



Theanalysesoflong-termthermohalineandbiogeochemicalpropertiescollectedintheSouthern

Adriatichelpustounderstandthecomplexmechanismsofthedeepconvectionprocess.These

dataallowmonitoringofchangesthatcanberelatedtomodificationsinthegeneralcirculation

oftheMediterraneanSeaor,onalargertimescale,toclimatevariabilityofthearea.Theneed

for high-frequency sampling to resolve events and rapid processes and the long sustained

measurementsofmultipleinterrelatedvariablesfromtheseasurfacetotheseafloorisprovided

bytheobservatoryE2M3AlocatedintheareaoftheSouthernAdriaticPit(Figure1).Thepayload

of thesiteconsistsofCTandCTD(Conductivity-Temperature-Depth)sensors (includingoxygen

and light measurements) at different depths, acoustic current meters, ADCP and RCM11. In

addition meteorological station is installed on a surface buoy, which allows simultaneous

measurement of physical, chemical and meteorological parameters (nettuno.ogs.trieste.it/e2-

m3a/)(Figure2).

The observatory has beenworking continuously since 2006 providing precious information on

theinterannualvariabilityofthewaterformationprocesses.IntheframeworkofEuroSITES(EU-

FP7-EuropeanNetworkofObservatories) (http://www.eurosites.info/)acompletely redesigned

surface buoy system was deployed in summer 2009. Currently, the system is part of the

European contribution to OceanSITES global array (www.oceansites.org) within FixO3 (EU-FP7

FixedOpenOceanObservatories).ThesitealsoispartoftheItalianProjectRITMARE,fundedby

theMinistryofResearchandEducation(MIUR).



6 Bridgetimetableofevents

Date Activity21/11/2013 PortofBari

22/11/2013 PortofBari

23/11/2013 MooringE2M3Arecover

24/11/2013 SurfaceBuoydeployment-CTD,Rosette

25/11/2013 MooringE2M3Aredeployment–TransittoBari

26/11/2013 PortofBari

N.B.: UTCtimes21stNovember2013Thursday12.30anchoringinPortofBari(45° 55.99998’N–013° 40.00002’E,22mWD)–Scientificcrewchange13.00WeatherCondition–Wind:speed11kts,directionESE22ndNovember2013Friday08.00Settingupoflaboratoriesandequipmenttesting12.00WeatherCondition–Wind3,direction102°N,Sea2Stand-bybyweatherattheworkingarea23rdNovember2013Saturday08.00DepartfromthePortofBariandtransittoE2M3AMooringarea15.00R/VOGSExploraPosition42°16.35’N-16°53.28’E,550mWD15.30HydrophoneIntoWater41°31.896’N-018°05.107’E.Firstattemptdonewiththenewtransducer

withnoresults,followedbyanattemptdonewiththeoldtransducer15.45HydrophoneRecover41°31.836’N-018°05.19’E15.50Rescueboatintothewater16.00Contactwithreleasers MooringRecoverPoint41°31.78’N-018°04.93’E16.10ADCPatthesurface17.10Startmooringrecovering,ADCPon-board19.00Rescueboaton-board20.10Mooringonboard24thNovember2013Sunday06.30Transittothesurfacebuoydeploymentstartposition08:30Startdeploymentoperations09:06surfacebuoypositionedinwaterwiththeship’sderrickatthebowside09:11buoydriftedatthesternsideoftheship09:13startedthereleaseofthemooringlineonthewinch



12:47releasersinwater13:02deadweightreleased13:30transfertotheCTDcaststation14:09startCTDandRosetteinE2M3ABuoy–NewPosition41°31.70’N–018°49.09’E,1171mWD14:11CTDinwater41°31.660’N–018°04.900’E,1166mWD14:45CTDbottom41°32.467’N–018°04.896’E,1170mWD15:25CTDandRosetteonboard41°33.290’N–018°04.330,1172.5mWD..:..-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25thNovember2013Monday06:48headingtowardtheCTDcaststation07:00startCTDandRosetteinformerE2M3A_Mposition07.04CTDinwater41°31.836’N–018°05.239’E,1180mWD07.31CTDbottom41°31.765’N–018°05.543’E,1179mWD08.07CTDandRosetteonboard41°31.574’N–018°6.062,1178mWD08.30Mooringset-uponboard14.47starttheoperationofmooringdeployment41°32.61’N–017°57.516’Ewind3knotsE,waveheight1.5m 14:53OREbuoyandsedimenttrap1inwater15:00ADCPflotationbuoyinwater15:12metalcagewithCTD(360m)inwater15:21metalcagewithCTD(760m)inwater15.45Releasersinwater–Mooringdeploymentcomplete-transittothenewpositionofE2M3A18.45E2M3AMooring-NEWPOSITION41°31.943227’N–018°05.209278’E,1185mWD26thNovember2013Tuesday08.00PortofBari09.00Scientificcrewdisembark



7 Loadingoperations

Allequipmentwastakenon-boardandstowed.Loadingwascompletedwiththeliftingaboardof

the surface buoy hull, lay down on the bow bridge, protectedwith fenders and securedwith

ropes.Thetopofthesuperstructurewasthenboltedtothebuoyhull.

Figure7.1Mob:transferandshipmentofthesurfacebuoy



8 MooringOperations

DeckoperationmethodswerediscussedwiththeChiefMateandaschemewasdevelopedfor

usingthewinchesandthesternA-frame

Mooring deployment positions and timings are given in the Bridge Timetable. All mooring

diagramscanbefoundintheANNEXA

8.1 RECOVERYOFSECONDARYMOORING

TheE2M3Asubsurfacemooringwasrecoveredonthe23thNovember.Acousticrelocationwas

made quickly on arrival at the site, but alsowith the echo sounder and swath system closed

down,areliablecommunicationwiththereleaserswasnotestablishedandaplanwasprepared

forworkboatintervention.ThemooringwasreleasedusingtheIXSEATT-801deckuniton-board

theship’stender.ShortlythereafterthemooringreleasetheADCPflotationbuoywassightedat

the surface. Theboatwas launched to carryoutapre-inspectionof the surfacedpartsbefore

recoverytotheship. Itwasdecidedtorecoverthemooringstartingfromtheflotationbuoy.A

line attached to it was then used to haul the sphere on-board using the ship’s A-framewith

assistance from the ship’s crane to recover the acoustic releasers. Themooring recoverywas

thentransferredtotheshipscapstancoupledtoapulleyandtothestoragewinch.Thisdidn’t

work well because of damage to its Hydraulic system and it was usedmanually. There were

severalstopscausedbythealternatingofpeopleatthewinch.

Ona first inspection the flotationbuoy showsanADCP lockingpinbroken (seeFig.8.1.1)and

needtobestatedonthegroundforthenecessaryrepairs.Atasuccessivecontrolitwashowever

decidedtoreusethebuoyuntilnextrecovery.Anodeswereingoodconditionwithlessthanten

%erosion. It shouldbenotedthat therecoveryof themooring linewasa littleproblematic in

tryingtostopoffthewire,turntheinstrumentsforwiredetachmentandremovaloftheswivels.

Almostattheendoftherecoveryoperationsithasnotbeenrecognizedthearrivalofaswivel,

whichthenjammedinthepulley,causingtheruptureofthemooringropeattheendofthe361

msegment.

Modifications are required to ensure this operation can be carried out safely for future

applications.Presentlythisoperationshouldbeonlyperformedinflatcalmconditionsandisnot

entirelyasafeoperation.Redesignmustbedone.Thewinchfailurewasnotrectifieduntil the

completionofrecoveryandre-deploymentoperations.



Figure8.1.1ADCPandflotationbuoyconditionsjustafterrecovery

8.2 DEPLOYMENTOFTHESURFACEBUOY/MOORING

TheE2M3Asurfacebuoywasdeployedbuoyfirst,anchorlastbyfreefallonthe24ndNovember.

The buoy design includes a metal cage for the installation of oceanographic instruments,

positionedat10mdepthdownthemooringline(Fig8.2.1).

Figure8.2.1Themetalcageat10mdepthwithSBE37MicroCAT

Theoperationbeganat08:30liftingthebuoyandthecagewiththehighderrickatthebowand

placingtheminwateronthestarboardsideoftheship,asshowninFig8.2.2



Figure8.2.2Releaseofthesurfacebuoywithderrickatthebow

Thereforethedeploymentcontrolhasbeenpassedfrombowtosternbyslidingthecableanchor

safely along one side of the ship. Once there, the buoy was left slowly slide, releasing the

mooringlinepreviouslywrappedaroundthededicatedwinchdrum,untilthedeadweight.

This was an iron block of about 2000 kg (Fig. 8.2.3), ensured on the ship’s bridge during the

navigation andattached to the cranehookwith a rope.At the right time theweight is raised

outboardwiththecraneandreleasedbycuttingtherope.



Figure8.2.3The2.000kgdeadweight

Atthebeginningofthedeploymentoperationthedistancefromthereleasewaypointwasfixed

atabout8nm.Asthedeploymentprogresseditwasapparentthatonthecourseandnecessary

speed(~3kn)thetimetoreachthedropzonewouldhavebeentoolong.Ittookabout4hours

while towing the buoy. At 13:02 the dead weight was released and the buoy was observed

“skiing”atsurfaceforawhile.

8.3 RE-DEPLOYMENTOFTHESECONDARYMOORING

All the wire sections of the mooring had been pre-wound to the dedicated winch ready for

deployment.Thebrokensegmentof361mwassubstitutedbyasparewiresegmentofthesame

lengthandthemooringlinehadnottobesignificantlyredesigned.Oncompletionofallthewire

windingtheremainingmooringhardwarewasassembledandreadyfordeployment.Zincanodes

had been provided. As this mooring is comparatively high risk two satellite mooring location

beacons(ArgosandIridiumsatelliteplatforms)areincorporatedintothedesign.

Deploymentwasbuoy firstandcommencedwithnoproblems.Thetop40-inchbuoyandwire

sectionweredeployedusingship’scraneasthespherewastooheavyforhanddeployment.This

time the initial distance from the waypoint was fixed at 5 nm, but the sea state and wind

intensitywerestrongandforcedtheshiptoturnmanytimestotherighttokeepthebowatthe

wind.Thisresultedinasemi-looparoundthestartingpoint.Againittookmuchtime(~3hours)

toarriveat thewaypoint for thereleaseof thedeadweightwhiletowingthemooring line.At

18:45 the dead weight hanging from the crane’s hook was released and the mooring was

observed at the surface after anchor free fall. The new mooring drawing is reported in the

ANNEX-A.



Figure8.3.1Somestagesofthedeploymentofsubsurfacesecondarymooring

9 InstrumentCalibrationusingCTDCasts

9.1 CTDcasts

ThreeCTDcastswereperformedaimedtocalibratetheinstrumentsfromthedeepmooring.A

SeaBirdSBE911plusCTD-O2probeequippedwithdualsensorsoftemperature,conductivityand

dissolvedoxygenwasemployedattachedtoaGeneralOceanicscarousel24bottles(12lt)water

sampler during the cruise together with an altimeter. Additionally, a fluorometer sensor was

installedontheCTDduringthecruise.

Sensortype Serialnumber Calibration

SBE3Temperature 1717SBE3TemperatureCalibrationSheet,13November2012;

OGSTechnicalReport,REL.2013/80Sez.OCE28CTO,26August

2013/Rev.23October2013

SBE4Conductivity 3442 OGSTechnicalReport,REL.2013/80Sez.OCE28CTO,26August2013/Rev.23October2013

SBE3Temperature 1709 SBE3TemperatureCalibrationSheet,24February2009

SBE4Conductivity 1487 OGSTechnicalReport,REL.2013/80Sez.OCE28CTO,26August2013/Rev.23October2013

SBE43Oxygen 2513 SBEOxygenCalibrationSheet,20December2012

Table9-1SensorsinstalledontheCTD-SBE911plusandcalibrationreferences



At almost all stations, water samples for dissolved oxygen were taken at different depths

throughout the whole water column. The oxygen samples were analysed on board using a

Winkler potentiometricmethod. From threedepth levels, depending on the vertical profile of

thestations,watersampleswere5takenalsoforcalibrationpurposesofthesalinityvaluesand

they were analysed on-board using a Guildline Autosal Salinometer. Data were processed

applying the Seabird Data Processing software and aMatlab post-processing package. Spikes

were removed from all data by applying the instrumental and climatological range criteria

backedupbyvisualchecks.Profileswerethenaveragedevery1dbar.Theoverallaccuraciesare

within0.002°Cfortemperatureand0.003forsalinity.

9.2 SeaBirdProcessing

Raw CTD data are logged directly to a PC from the SeaBird deck unit using SeaBird software

(Seasave Win32 version xxx). The following routines then applied instrument calibrations to

convertfromfrequencydatatophysicalunits.

1. DatCnv: File in e2m3a_B.dat, e2m3a_M.dat, and Instrument calibration file

explora_nov2013.CON.Fileoute2m3a_B.cnv,e2m3a_B.ros;e2m3a_M.cnv,e2m3a_M.ros(scan

offsetzero,scanrangeduration2s).

2.WildEdit:File in/out :e2m3a_B(M).cnv.Themeanandstandarddeviationsarecomputedon

blocksof50points.Pointslyingoutsidetwostandarddeviationsareexcluded.Pointsthenlying

outsidetwentystandarddeviationsofanewmeanarethenreplacedbyabsentdata. Applied

onlytoPressure,

4.Filter(LowPass):Filein/out:e2m3a_B(M).cnv.Low-passfiltercolumnsofdata:Lowpassfilter

A,timeconstant(s)equalto0.03,LowpassfilterB,timeconstant(s)equalto0.15.Appliedonly

toPressure,

5.CellTM:File in/out:e2m3a_B(M).cnv.Removesconductivitycell thermalmasseffectswitha

recursivefilter,alpha=0.03,tau=7.0.forprimaryandsecondarysensor,

6.LoopEdit:Filein/out:e2m3a_B(M).cnv.Markascanwithbadflagifscanfailspressurereversal

orminimumvelocitytest,ortoeliminatesurfacesoakdata.SettoMinimumCTDvelocityof0.25,

removesurfacesoakforsurfacedepth(10m),Minimumsoakof5mandmaximumof20m,

7.Derive:File in/out:e2m3a_B(M).cnv. Calculatesalinity,density,oxygen(μmol(kg),potential

temperature,etc.basedonEOS-80equations(PracticalSalinity),



8.WFilter: File in/out: e2m3a_B(M).cnv. Filter data with median window 25. Applied to all

parametersexceptpressure,

9.BinAvg:File in/out:e2m3a_B(M).cnv.Averagedatafor1dbrange.Excludescansmarkedas

bad.

Figure9-2-1Temperature(°C),salinityanddissolvedoxygen(μmol/kg)ofbuoyandmooringstation



9.3 OxygenSamples

OxygendatacollectedwithanSBE43orBeckman/YSI sensormountedon theCTDduring the

cruisewerecorrectedwith independentmeasurementsperformedonboard.Dissolvedoxygen

concentrations (DO) were determined by means of a Metrohm burette using the

Winklerprocedure(Carpenter,1965).Thefinalpointwasautomaticallydeterminedbymeansof

a redox electrode. The coefficient of variation (Cv(%).100_standard deviation/mean) was

o0.4%.CTD-oxygen valueswere chosen generally from the upcast profile at the bottle closure

depth.Eachdowncastprofilewas fittedwithWinklerdataapplyinga regressioncurveusinga

second-orderpolynomial(BensiandK¨uckler,2009).

Date Station Niskin

Depth (m)

Flask N°

Flask Vol.(mL)

Titration Vol. (mL)

DO (µmol/L)

DO (mL/L)

DO(mL/L) CTD DIFF

24/11/13 E2M3A-B 1 fondo 52 52.53 4.2709 205.77 4.612 4.725 0.112 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 2 fondo 19 58.32 4.6782 202.77 4.545 4.715 0.170 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 3 1100 154 52.68 4.5474 218.44 4.896 4.812 -0.084 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 4 1050 236 58.40 4.8099 208.19 4.666 4.836 0.170 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 5 1000 39 58.57 4.9296 212.75 4.769 4.861 0.092 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 6 900 147 52.90 4.6338 221.64 4.968 4.936 -0.032 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 7 760 158 53.97 4.7058 220.60 4.945 4.990 0.045 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 8 560 176 58.41 5.0145 217.00 4.864 4.997 0.133 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 8 560 33 57.66 4.9526 217.13 4.867 4.997 0.130 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 8 560 23 58.02 4.7806 208.27 4.668 4.997 0.328 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 9 560 114 53.65 4.7640 224.65 5.035 5.004 -0.031 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 9 560 59 52.56 4.6145 222.18 4.980 5.004 0.024 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 10 450 93 53.97 4.3112 202.09 4.530 5.052 0.522 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 11 400 28 53.19 4.7572 226.31 5.072 5.062 -0.010 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 12 350 111 54.68 4.7209 218.40 4.895 5.046 0.151 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 13 300 163 53.86 4.7275 222.07 4.977 4.997 0.020 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 14 200 119 52.50 4.4821 216.06 4.843 4.828 -0.015 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 15 150 140 56.66 4.8135 214.81 4.815 4.814 -0.001 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 16 100 149 52.29 4.4548 215.62 4.833 4.844 0.012 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 17 75 24 51.92 4.5079 219.74 4.925 4.924 -0.001 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 18 60 25 57.23 5.1968 229.59 5.146 5.280 0.134 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 19 50 270 58.40 5.5852 241.74 5.418 5.449 0.030 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 20 30 117 54.91 5.1708 238.19 5.339 5.309 -0.030 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 21 20 10 56.98 5.0493 224.04 5.022 5.320 0.299 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 22 10 38 56.66 5.3154 237.21 5.317 5.309 -0.007 24/11/13 E2M3A-B 23 sup 167 58.87 5.4957 235.96 5.289 5.298 0.010

Table9-3-1 Oxygensamples



ANNEXA:Mooringdrawings

FigureAnnexA.1DrawingofthesubsurfacesecondarymooringrecoveredonNovember23th,2013



Figure Annex A.2 Drawing of the Surface Buoy primary mooring with the payload deployed at41°31.2006’N–18°04.8102’E,1185mWDonNovember24th,2013



Figura Annex A.3 Drawing of the Surface Buoy primary mooring with the payload deployed at41°31.9430’N–018°05.2249’E,1180.6mWDonNovember25th,2013



ANNEXB:ADDITIONALPHOTOGRAPHS

.





ANNEXC:Vessel’scharacteristics

C.1.GeneralCharacteristics

The Vessel Maritime Navigation & Communication



Builtby ElsfletherWerftA.G.,Germany,1973 VHF 2VHFSKANTI1000DSC(GMDSSA4)

Owner IstitutoNazionalediOceanografiaediGeofisicaSperimentale–OGS

Immarsat

InmarsatCSKANTIScansat(GMDSSA4)ImmarsatB-MNERASATURNImmarsatFleet77ThraneA4)

Flag Italy

ClassificationScientificortechnologicalresearchRINA100-A-1.1IAQ-1;IceClassB

Radars+ARPAFR2117FURUNO+AISTM340AMSPERRYXbandBridgemasterDECCA

LOA

65.42m GyroCompass 3GyroStarIIAnshutz

Beam/Draft 11.8m/6.55m Autopilot 1NaviplotAP50FURUNO

Grosstonnage 1408T Echosounder 1EA600Simrad

Workboat ZodiacRibo600(6m,70Hp) Log 1DopplerlogEML500Yokogawa

Endurance 50days

GPS

1GPSAcquarius1GPSGB500TOPCON1LANDASTARVeripos1RS500SHIPMATE(maritimeonly)

Propulsion 2x1294.5Kw(1780Hp)

Cruisingspeed 13Knots

Accomodation12technician17crew1doctor

MagneticComp. NavipolIIPlathNetwork EthernetNetworkspeed 100Mb/sec

Safety

MOB RescueboatPESBOBSC(40m)

Lifeboat RescueboatPESBOBSC(42people)

LifeRafts 5x25,1x20,1x6(156people)

Survivalsuits 48

FireFighting

Hydrants,hosesandnozzles(3firepumps+1emergencyfirepump)58portablefireextinguishers(6kg–9lt–5kg)5fireestiguisher50kgEngineRoom CO2

CompressorRoom Estinguisher+fixedfireCO2



C.2.Vesseloffsets

FigureC-2-1Drawingofthevesseloffsets



FigureC-2-2Schematicsofship’shardware



ANNEXD:ScientificEquipment

The general equipment configuration is shown in the block diagram of Figure D-1. A detailed

descriptionofeachcomponentisprovidedoverthefollowingparagraphs.

FigureD-1:Generalblockdiagram

D.1.Positioningandnavigation

D1.1.GPSeGyros

The vessel is equippedwith three GPS systems: an Ashtec Aquarius works as primary GPS, a

TopconGB-500assecondaryGPS(GPS+GLONASS);alsoavailableisaLandstarMKVeriposthat

canworkasDGPS.

All of them are interfaced to the IXSEA Phins Inertial Navigation Sytem (INS), which delivers

headingandattitudeinformation,aswellaspositionandspeed,tothenavigationsystemandto

the MBES. The heart of the system that is also used as a gyrocompass, is the inertial

measurementunits,consistingofthreehighclass(0.01deg/h)fibreopticgyroscopes(FOG)and

threehighprecisionpendulum-typeaccelerometers.

Apart from its InertialMotionUnit, PHINS contains a completenavigation algorithmbasedon

KalmanFiltering.ThisstructureenablesPHINStoworkeitherasablackboxortobeconnected



to external sensor systems (GPS, Doppler velocity log, Depth sensor, acoustic positioning

systems…).

TheGPSs,thePhinsMRU-InertialNavigationSystemandthePDS2000NavigationSystemareall

interfaced according to the attached sketch. The data are real time displayed both in the

navigationroomandonthebridge.All thedata fromthesensorsarestoredbythenavigation

systeminthePDS2000formatandcanberetrievedeitherinCVS,XLSandASCIIformat.

FigureD-1-1:Positioningandnavigation

D.1.2.Navigationsystem

ThesoftwarePDS2000that isalsousedtomanageMBESdataacquisitionprovidesnavigation.

Other capabilities offered by the navigation software are: data acquisition from sensors,

computations,presentation,qualitycontrol,vesselguidance,outputmessages,datastorageand

eventgeneration(shotcommandtotheguncontrollerandfixpositiontothesubbottomprofiler

acquisitionsoftwareinparticular).

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Multidisciplinary Approach to Research in Permanent...

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