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National Monitoring of Water and Sanitation in UgandaHow the Government of Uganda did it and lessons for other countries

Eng. Disan SsoziMinistry of Water and Environment,

UGANDA

1

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Presentation Outline• Introduction• Context• Sector Institutional Framework• Sector Coordination Framework• Golden indicators• Data sources, information flows and analysis• Using the sector performance report• Joint Sector Reviews• Ten golden rules for sector performance

measurement

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IntroductionWhy focus on coordination and monitoring??• increased emphasis on results (Milennium

Development Goals, regional and national targets and objectives)

• Effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources (both domestic and donor development assistance) – value for money

• Monitoring of sector activities helps in strategic decision making, policy formulation and planning (where to invest, how to develop services, and which policies actually work)

Context- from Projects to ProgrammeLate 1980s: Multiple donor projects

Early 1990s: Consolidated donor specıfıc programmes

2001: Sector Reforms lead to Sector-Wide Approach to Planning (SWAP) & Decentralised Service Delivery to LGs

2004: Sector Preformance Measurement Framework (11 key performance indicators)

2008: Joint Water and Sanitation Sector Programme Support (JWSSPS)

Future: Further harmonization and alignment of donor support in accordance with the Paris Declaration

112 Districts of Uganda

Sudan

DRC

Kenya

Tanzania

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SWAP Definition

• The SWAP is a mechanism whereby Government, and Development Partners support a single sub-sector policy, development plan and programme, which is under Government leadership and follows common approaches.

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GovernmntGovernment

MOH MFPED MWE MoLG MoES MGLSD

DWD/DWRM/DEA

NGOs/ CBOs

Private SectorContractors, Hampump Mechanics

Local Governmen

t

Communities

DWO

-

District level

Community level

Institutional framework and roles for rural water supply and sanitation in Uganda

National Level

• Service Delivery

• Support to Communities

District Local Government

X 112

• O&M

• Policy setting

• Regulation

• Monitoring

• Overall planning & coordination

• Quality assurance and guidance

• Capacity development

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Uganda’s Sector Coordination Framework

• Water Policy Committee (statutory body for policy advice to the Hon. Minister)

• Water & Sanitation Sub-sector Working Group (for discussion of policy/ key issues affecting sector performance, now under the Water & Environment Sector Working Group)

• Annual Joint Sector Reviews (JSRs) and Joint Technical Reviews (JTRs) - multi-stakeholder fora

• District Water and Sanitation Coordination Committees• Uganda Water and Sanitation Sector NGO Network

(UWASNET) – secretariat for umbrella organization for coordination of approx. 150 member sector NGOs;

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Golden Indicators (part 1)Theme Indicator

Access % of people within 1.5 km (rural) and 0.2km (urban) of an improved water source (in 2010, walking distance for rural areas was changed to 1km)

Functionality % of improved water sources that are functional at time of spot-check

Value for Money Average cost per beneficiary of new water and sanitation schemes

Access/Use (sanitation) % of people with access to improved sanitation (household and schools)

Quality % of water samples taken at the point of water collection , waste discharge point that comply with national standards

Quantity% increase in cumulative storage capacity availability of water for production[later changed to cumulative water for production storage capacity (m3)]

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Golden Indicators (part 2)Theme Indicator

EquityMean Parish deviation from the District average in persons per improved water point (for national purposes, mean sub-county difference from the national average in persons per water point is reported)

Access/use (hygiene) % of people with access and using hand-washing facilities

Management % of water points with actively functioning Water and Sanitation Committees (rural/water for production) or boards (urban)

Gender % of Water User Committees/Water Boards with women holding a key position

Water Resources Management Compliance

% of water abstraction and discharge permit holders complying with permit conditions (current data refers to permit validity only)

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NGOs/CBOsNGOs/CBOs

Water & Environment Sector Working Group

District Local Government

(District Water Office)

UWASNET District Local Government

(District Health Inspectorate)

Ministry of Water and

Environment

Ministry of Health

Ministry of Education &

Sports

Uganda Bureau of Statistics

Health Inspections

Specific Surveys

Sector Performance Report (SPR)

Key

Data Collection

Reporting

Management Information System

MIS

MIS

MISMIS

NGOs/CBOs

School Inspections

Technical Audits

Tracking Studies

Communities

Community Visits

A B C

Schools

Community Visits

Government Institution

Non-Government InstitutionCoordination Body

Quarterly & Annual Reports

Annual Report

Data (annually)

Various National Survey Reports

Data (annually)Data (annually)

‘Mini’ Performance Reports by Sub-Sectors

Joint Sector Review

Small SPR Secretariat (in Ministry

of Water and

Environment)

Data Sources Information Flows and Analysis

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Data Analysis for the Golden Indicators

The golden indicators provide a focus for further analysis on issues

and challenges. They are a means to an end rather than an end in itself.

In Uganda, considerable work has been undertaken between the

national statistics bureau and the ministry of water to ensure that the

same definitions of an improved water supply are used.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Per

cen

tag

e o

f th

e R

ura

l Po

pu

lati

on

wit

h A

cces

s to

an

Imp

rove

d W

ate

r S

ou

rce

DWD-MIS 100% Functionality

UNHS

UDHS

District Situation Analysis 100% Functionality

UNSDS

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Sector Performance Report (SPR) and its use

• Basis for discussions in the Joint Sector Reviews– Key achievements using the key

indicators– Emerging challenges/issues

• Decision-making– Signed (Agreed) minutes with 7-10

undertakings/actions– Sector budget priorities– Resource allocation within the sector

and to the district local goverments

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Use of the annual SPR and JSRIn Uganda, a comprehensive overview of water supply and sanitation developments and challenges is available in the annual SPRs. Corrective and/or new actions to improve service deliverySector performance measurement is fully linked to the planning and budgeting process.

Percentage of Operating Costs Funded by Revenue for Ugandan Water Authorities in 2008/9

0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250% 300% 350%

MigeeraKatwe-kabatoro

AmolatarSerereKamuliKinoni

KasambyaKakiri

KalangalaKibibi

KyazangaKachumbala

LaropiNakawuka

KatakwiKiboga

NkokonjeruKyotera

KapchorwaYumbe

PakwachDokolo

BusolweMbirizi

SembabuleBudaka

KihihiKotido

RakaiBombo

BugiriKyenjojo

PallisaKitgum

MpigiKangulumira

NgoraCiforo

LuweroNakasongola

KalunguAdjumani

MityanaKayunga

BukomansimbiNebbiApac

AdukuPakele

KalisizoWobulenzi

BusiaNagongera

LukayaKigumba

LyantondeMoyo

BudadiriSironko

BuwengeRukungiri

KisoroKabwohe-…

BusembatiaBundibugyo

SemutoIbanda

Kumi

100% Funded by Revenue

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Milestones

Key Challenges• Too many district local govts (112 in total)• Coordination of all sector players not

readily accepted by all (initially)!• Data reliability & verification• Prioritisation of monitoring by all sector

actors• Too transparent????• Wider distribution

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Some Guidelines for county-wide performance monitoring based on Uganda‘s experience

1. Cover the whole service delivery chain.

2. Integrate monitoring within existing national structures/processes

3. Keep it simple (Indicators matter, but are a means to an end, NOT an end by themselves)

4. Use both qualitative and quantitative indicators

5. Compare data sets – sector statistics with national surveys for validation purposes

6. Define institutional responsibilities and data sources

7. Assign individual responsibilities

8. Assess and gradually build capacity

9. Disseminate reports widely

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Other considerations!• Agreement on basic definitions and SMART

indicators• Overall leadership by the government is key• 1st sector performance report indicates the

baseline for most indicators, while the subsequent reports indicate annual progress and trends

• Sector monitoring process gradually adjusted based on previous experiences

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Closing message

Global and/or regional monitoring is complementarybut cannot be a substitute

for national monitoring

Thanks!

All Uganda annual water Sector Performance Reports and agreed minutes for the joint sector

reviews and lots of other documents are available on: www.mwe.go.ug