Nervous System

Group Members: Claudia Caballero Elio de GraciaErick BetetaExavier CastrellónEmma RamosJuan Poveda

Objectives:Students will

be able to:

Identify dendrites,

cell body, axon of a neuron

Differentiate the structure and function of a motor

and sensory neuron

Compare the location and

functions of central and peripheral

nervous systems

Differentiate the functions of

the sympathetic and

parasympathetic divisions of ANS

INTRODUCTIONNervous system is the chief controlling

and coordinating system of the body.It controls and regulates all voluntary

and involuntary activities of human body.

There are three characteristic properties of nervous system of human body: Sensitivity, Conductivity and Responsiveness

CONTENT

Nervous System

Interesting Facts Main parts Unit of Nervous

System Division

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Function

Encephalon

Spinal Cord

Autonomic Nervous System

Sense Organs

Sympathetic Nervous System

Parasymphatetic Nervous System

Cranial and Spinal Nerves

Somatic Nervous System

NEURON IS THE UNIT OF NERVOUS SYSTEM:

Functions of the Nervous SystemControl

Regulate

Communicate

Mental activity center: LearningMemory

Homeostasis

Main Parts of the Nervous System

The nervous system is made of:The encephalon **The nerves

The spinal cord The senses

Nervous System is divided in:

Central Nervous System

The Central Nervous System controls everything in the body.It contains the nerves of the encephalon and spinal cord

Encephalon

The Encephalon has three main parts:

1. The Cerebrum2. The Cerebellum

3. The Brainstem

The Cerebrum is the largest part of the encephalon.

It identifies the information gathered by your sense organs.

It is protected by the skullThe cerebrum controls yours:

ThinkingMemorySpeaking Movements

Areas and lobs of the cerebrum

The cerebellum is below and to the back of the cerebrum.

The cerebellum controls your: 

Balance

Posture

The Brain Stem connects:

The brain

The spinal cord.

The nerves in the brainstem control your:

heartbeat

breathing

blood pressure

THE BRAINSTEM

The spinal cord sends messages to the brain.The spinal cord is the part of the nervous system that connects the brain to the rest of the nervous system.

All parts of the nervous system lying outside the brain and spinal

cord.

It carry messages between the

central nervous system and the rest of the body.

It is an automatic System

It controls:

Body’s activities that you don’t think about.

Activities in your small intestine

Breathing

Heartbeat

controls

Cranial Nerves and Spinal

Nerves

Cranial nervesHumans have 12 pairs of cranial 

nerves (sensory/motor/mixed) which control the head, face, neck, 

shoulders

Except VAGUS nerve – controls internal 

organs

Somatic Nervous System

Somatic nerves control skeletal muscles, bones, and skin.

Sensory neurons

Mixed Neuron Motor neur

ons

Sensory neurons

Carry impulses from pain receptors in the skin to the 

central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)

Motor neuronCarry impulses from CNS to effectors muscles to 

make movement through the secretion of a hormone.

interneuron or Mixed neuron

Carry impulses from sensory nerves to motor nerves.

Spinal Nerves

Human have 31 pairs of spinal nerves (mixed) 

which take impulses to and from the spinal cord

The peripheral nervous system is made of the senses organs, those organs are:

The eye is one of your sense

organs.

The eye is made of the iris and the

pupil.

The eye gathers pictures

and sends them to the

brain.

The eye

Vision is your

ability to see.

Vision involves

the eye and the brain.

Hearing starts when some of the sound waves go into the

ear.

When a sound is made, the air

around the sound vibrates.

The nerves in the skin allow

us to feel texture,

pressure, heat, cold, and pain.

Texture is how

something feels.

The sense of touch is located in the skin.

Skin and Touch

The nose controls your sense of smell.The nose is able to smell 80 different kinds of smells

The nose and Smell

Mouth and TASTEYour sense of taste comes from the taste buds in

the tongue.

Taste buds are the parts on the tongue that allow us to taste.

The four kinds of taste buds are sweet, sour, bitter, and salty.

Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic nerves control the muscles of

the glands and internal organs which we can’t control

Sympathetic components

Work in conjunction/opposition to each other

Parasympathetic components

Sympathetic component prepares body for stress

Parasympathetic brings things back to normal

INTERESTING FACTS

About how many neurons are in the human brain?

100 billion

About how many neurons are in the spinal cord?

1 billion

How long do you think the longest axon in the world is?

Around 15 feet

The “funny bone” is the only place on the arm where a nerve is not

protected.

THANK YOU