Date post: | 23-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | sharleen-reeves |
View: | 229 times |
Download: | 1 times |
Tensions RiseTensions Rise• VA land speculators and London merchants
form Ohio Company, claiming 200,000 acres of land in the Ohio Valley . . . land controlled by the Iroquois.
1754 Albany Congress and Plan of
Union
1754 Albany Congress and Plan of
Union• Board of Trade (set up by William & Mary) called a meeting to ease tensions with Iroquois/address issues in the Ohio Valley.
• Albany Plan – proposed by Ben Franklin – stated that each colony would keep it’s own constitution, but that on all other matter (Indians, westward expansion, military issues) they would decide as a united front/continental assembly.
• British and colonists quickly rejected this idea . . .Why?
French Response
• The French were concerned about the Ohio Company/ colonial expansion policy and their relationship with the Indians.
• Historically the French used the Indians as a way to control British westward expansion.
built a series of forts.
• Ft. Dusquesne
British French
1754 War Begins1754 War Begins• VA Gov. (and Ohio Co.
shareholder) sends military expedition into Ohio territory.
(modern day OH/PA border)
• Mission was to inform French they didn’t belong here
• Leader of the expedition--George Washington--quickly surrounded and sent packing…
• Hailed as a hero for taking on the sworn enemy of England!
• Some members of Parliament and Board of Trade called for war (Pitt, Halifax)
Highlights of the French & Indian War
• June 1755--British began to advance into Canada and into French territory—sail from Boston to Halifax, Nova Scotia.
• Early years a disaster for the Brits—Fr. had Indian support & were better organized.
• July 1755: 2000 British regulars and VA militia ambushed at Duquesne.GW staggered home w/500 survivors.
• 1758—Pitt takes control & tables turn.--overall strategist --forced some colonists to fight and/or
quarter soldiers
France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River.Spain --> got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England.England --> got all French lands in Canada and west of Appalachians, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.
1763 Treaty of Paris
1763 Treaty of Paris
British
• March in formation or bayonet charge.
• Br. officers wanted to take charge of colonials.
• Prima Donna Br. officers with servants & tea settings.
• Drills & tough discipline.
• Colonists should pay for their own defense.
• Indian-style guerilla tactics.
• Col. militias served under own captains.
• No mil. deference or protocols observed.
• Resistance to rising taxes.
• Casual, non-professionals.
Methods ofFighting:
MilitaryOrganization:
MilitaryDiscipline:
Finances:
Demeanor:
British-American Colonial TensionsBritish-American Colonial Tensions
Colonials
Effects of the War On Britain
• It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.• It greatly enlarged England’s debt.
• Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings.
England felt that a major reorganization of her American Empire was necessary!
(end of salutary neglect!)
On the Colonies•It united them against a common enemy for the first time.
•It created a socializing experience for all the colonials who participated
• It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify.
1763 Pontiac’s Rebellion
Fort Detroit
Settlement: Indians in OH must defer to British politically & British will limit settlement west of the Appalachians
The Aftermath: Tensions Along the
Frontier
The Aftermath: Tensions Along the
Frontier• Ottawa Chief Pontiac
will lead brief—and ultimately unsuccessful—uprising against the British in the Ohio Valley