1248 Obituary DORA CHALLIS COLEBROOK M.D. Lond. Dr. Dora Colebrook, who died on Dec. 3, at the age of 81, played a notable part in elucidating the epidemiology of streptococcal puerperal fever. Coming somewhat late to medicine, she qualified M.B. in 1915. After house-appointments at the Royal Free Hospital she spent some time in Prof. Miles Phillips’ gynxcological service at the Jessop Hospital, Sheffield. After a few years in general practice at Cambridge, she took the D.P.H. course at the London School of Hygiene with a view to a career in medical research. Her first investigation was on the alleged effects of ultra- violet irradiation of healthy schoolchildren and of office and factory workers, and on the effects of such irradiation on the healing of varicose ulcers. Her findings, based so far as possible on measurements, did not support the claims which had been made for this procedure. Her next field of work, which lasted more than ten years, was the epidemiology of ha;molytic streptococcus infections, with particular reference to puerperal fever. Most of this was carried out at the Bernhard Baron Research Laboratory of Queen Charlotte’s Hospital on behalf of the Medical Research Council. After the 1939-45 war she carried out an inquiry into the alleged beneficial influence of treatment of certain forms of cancer with ’ Hll B As with ultraviolet radiation, she was unable to substantiate previous claims. L. C. writes : " Dora Colebrook’s ten years of work on puerperal infections by hasmolytic streptococci was of the greatest value in establish- ing the general epidemiological pattern of that disease. Earlier work (using the agglutination reaction) by Fred Griffith and V. D. Allison in LQndon, and by John Smith in Aberdeen, had shown that the streptococci infecting the mother were fre- quently identical with those from the throat or nose of a doctor or nurse who had attended her confinement (or, less often, from the respiratory tract of the mother herself). In other cases the tests for identity, or non-identity, gave somewhat equivocal results, and laborious refinements of the standard technique were required to settle the matter. Dr. Colebrook’s highly developed critical sense, strengthened by her training under W. W. C. Topley and G. S. Wilson at the School of Hygiene, made her admirably suited for this task. Her report 1 own this tedious investigation was based on a study of 67 cases of puerperal fever. Because of her rigorous demand for satis- factory proof, the report did not make for easy reading; but, for this same reason, it must rank as probably the most con- clusive study of cross-infection yet produced. By and large it confirmed the findings of other workers, which suggested that there are many potential sources of the streptococci which can give rise to puerperal fever-those of the respiratory tract forming a very important group. In about 24% of the cases studied, Dr. Colebrook was unable to detect the probable source of the mother’s infection. In the light of subsequent experience it seems likely that airborne transmission of a streptococcus may have been responsible for some of these infections, and that in other cases transmission may have occurred from the infant nursery and been overlooked." " 1. Colebrook, D. C. Spec. Rep. Ser. med. Res. Coun. 1935, no. 205. Births, Marriages, and Deaths BIRTHS MOUZAS.-On Nov. 24, to Joyce, wife of Dr. G. L. Mouzas-a son, Robert Lucas George, a brother for Jane. Notes and News CANCER RESEARCH IN his address to the anniversary meeting of the Royal Society on Nov. 30, Lord Florey, the president, announced that the council of the society had gratefully accepted the offer by the trustees of the late Mr. Montague Napier, a pioneer of the motorcar and aeroplane engine industry, of a capital sum of the order of £75,000. With this sum a new trust fund will be formed, the income from which will be used for the advancement of knowledge and the benefit of mankind by research, with the object of ascertaining the cause of cancer, including any corresponding or allied disease, and the means of its prevention, cure, and alleviation. In accordance with the wishes of the trustees, the income from this Montague Napier Trust Fund for the first five years will be transferred to the Institute of Cancer Research for the purposes of developing collaboration which already exists, between the Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute, for the support and development of those fields of cancer research and cancer treatment generally referred to as " clinical research ". As the result of conversations with the trustees, and with the approval of the board of governors of the Royal Marsden Hos- pital and of the committee of management of the Institute of Cancer Research, proposals have been made for the ’formation of an academic unit which would be part of the department of clinical research, itself a joint department of the Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden Hospital. The research programme will start early in 1966, and in the first instance will be directed mainly to the field of tumour immuno- logy in its clinical aspects. NEW POSTGRADUATE CENTRE IN BIRMINGHAM A Postgraduate Medical Centre in the grounds of the East Birmingham Hospital is to be opened by Sir George Godber, chief medical officer of the Ministry of Health, on Friday, Dec. 17. The centre is a joint venture by the hospital medical staff and the general practitioners in the area. The building will be joined by an entrance lobby to a new medical- staff dining-room, which will be available to general practitioners on weekdays and will also be used for the buffet lunches which precede the weekly general-practitioner round and other meetings. The centre itself contains two lecture rooms which, when thrown together, will seat 80-90. In addition to the teaching accommodation there are a library of some 650 sq. ft. (designed to allow unlimited expansion), a common-room with a small bar, a secretary’s room, lavatories, and a large central hall which will be used for demonstrations and other purposes. The total area of the building, excluding the dining-room, is about 2700 sq. ft. It is a prefabricated structure which, together with equipment, has cost about E12,500. Half this sum has been provided by the regional hospital board, and the remainder has been raised from the members and from industrial sources and charitable organisations. The Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust has provided E1000 for equipment. SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES Supplementary estimates for the National Health Service 1 call for an additional S31,800,000 for current expenditure on hospitals in England, Wales, and Scotland in the current financial year, bringing the total to E690.431,000. The estimate for the pharmaceutical services is increased by f:12,300,000 to E145,303,000, this new provision represents about 75% of the increase likely to be required. HOSPITAL COSTS FOR 1964-65 IN the Hospital Costing Returns for the year ended March 31,2 there is some evidence (as there was for 1963-64)3 that hospital beds are being used more efficiently. On average, for the 600 hospitals covered, costs per patient per week increased by 8% compared with 1963-64. About two-thirds of 1. Civil Estimates 1965-66: Supplementary Estimates. H.M. Stationery Office, 1965. 3s. 2. Hospital Costing Returns: year ended March 31, 1965. Part I. H.M. Stationery Office. 30s. 3. see Lancet, 1965, i, 115.
Transcript
1248
Obituary
DORA CHALLIS COLEBROOKM.D. Lond.
Dr. Dora Colebrook, who died on Dec. 3, at the age of81, played a notable part in elucidating the epidemiologyof streptococcal puerperal fever.
Coming somewhat late to medicine, she qualified M.B. in1915. After house-appointments at the Royal Free Hospitalshe spent some time in Prof. Miles Phillips’ gynxcologicalservice at the Jessop Hospital, Sheffield. After a few years in
general practice at Cambridge, she took the D.P.H. course atthe London School of Hygiene with a view to a career inmedical research.
Her first investigation was on the alleged effects of ultra-violet irradiation of healthy schoolchildren and of office andfactory workers, and on the effects of such irradiation on thehealing of varicose ulcers. Her findings, based so far as possibleon measurements, did not support the claims which had beenmade for this procedure. Her next field of work, which lastedmore than ten years, was the epidemiology of ha;molyticstreptococcus infections, with particular reference to puerperalfever. Most of this was carried out at the Bernhard BaronResearch Laboratory of Queen Charlotte’s Hospital on behalfof the Medical Research Council. After the 1939-45 war shecarried out an inquiry into the alleged beneficial influence oftreatment of certain forms of cancer with ’ Hll B As withultraviolet radiation, she was unable to substantiate previousclaims.
L. C. writes :" Dora Colebrook’s ten years of work on puerperal infections
by hasmolytic streptococci was of the greatest value in establish-ing the general epidemiological pattern of that disease. Earlierwork (using the agglutination reaction) by Fred Griffith andV. D. Allison in LQndon, and by John Smith in Aberdeen, hadshown that the streptococci infecting the mother were fre-quently identical with those from the throat or nose of a doctoror nurse who had attended her confinement (or, less often,from the respiratory tract of the mother herself). In other casesthe tests for identity, or non-identity, gave somewhat equivocalresults, and laborious refinements of the standard techniquewere required to settle the matter. Dr. Colebrook’s highlydeveloped critical sense, strengthened by her training underW. W. C. Topley and G. S. Wilson at the School of Hygiene,made her admirably suited for this task. Her report 1 own thistedious investigation was based on a study of 67 cases of
puerperal fever. Because of her rigorous demand for satis-factory proof, the report did not make for easy reading; but,for this same reason, it must rank as probably the most con-clusive study of cross-infection yet produced. By and large itconfirmed the findings of other workers, which suggested thatthere are many potential sources of the streptococci which cangive rise to puerperal fever-those of the respiratory tract
forming a very important group. In about 24% of the casesstudied, Dr. Colebrook was unable to detect the probablesource of the mother’s infection. In the light of subsequentexperience it seems likely that airborne transmission ofa streptococcus may have been responsible for some ofthese infections, and that in other cases transmissionmay have occurred from the infant nursery and beenoverlooked." "
1. Colebrook, D. C. Spec. Rep. Ser. med. Res. Coun. 1935, no. 205.
Births, Marriages, and Deaths
BIRTHSMOUZAS.-On Nov. 24, to Joyce, wife of Dr. G. L. Mouzas-a son, Robert
Lucas George, a brother for Jane.
Notes and News
CANCER RESEARCH
IN his address to the anniversary meeting of the RoyalSociety on Nov. 30, Lord Florey, the president, announcedthat the council of the society had gratefully accepted theoffer by the trustees of the late Mr. Montague Napier, a pioneerof the motorcar and aeroplane engine industry, of a capitalsum of the order of £75,000. With this sum a new trust fundwill be formed, the income from which will be used for theadvancement of knowledge and the benefit of mankind byresearch, with the object of ascertaining the cause of cancer,including any corresponding or allied disease, and the meansof its prevention, cure, and alleviation.
In accordance with the wishes of the trustees, the incomefrom this Montague Napier Trust Fund for the first five yearswill be transferred to the Institute of Cancer Research for the
purposes of developing collaboration which already exists,between the Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute, for thesupport and development of those fields of cancer research andcancer treatment generally referred to as " clinical research ".As the result of conversations with the trustees, and with the
approval of the board of governors of the Royal Marsden Hos-pital and of the committee of management of the Institute ofCancer Research, proposals have been made for the ’formationof an academic unit which would be part of the department ofclinical research, itself a joint department of the Institute ofCancer Research and the Royal Marsden Hospital. Theresearch programme will start early in 1966, and in the firstinstance will be directed mainly to the field of tumour immuno-logy in its clinical aspects.
NEW POSTGRADUATE CENTRE IN BIRMINGHAM
A Postgraduate Medical Centre in the grounds of the EastBirmingham Hospital is to be opened by Sir George Godber,chief medical officer of the Ministry of Health, on Friday,Dec. 17. The centre is a joint venture by the hospital medicalstaff and the general practitioners in the area.The building will be joined by an entrance lobby to a new medical-
staff dining-room, which will be available to general practitioners onweekdays and will also be used for the buffet lunches which precedethe weekly general-practitioner round and other meetings. Thecentre itself contains two lecture rooms which, when thrown together,will seat 80-90. In addition to the teaching accommodation there area library of some 650 sq. ft. (designed to allow unlimited expansion),a common-room with a small bar, a secretary’s room, lavatories, anda large central hall which will be used for demonstrations and otherpurposes. The total area of the building, excluding the dining-room,is about 2700 sq. ft. It is a prefabricated structure which, togetherwith equipment, has cost about E12,500. Half this sum has been
provided by the regional hospital board, and the remainder has beenraised from the members and from industrial sources and charitableorganisations. The Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust has providedE1000 for equipment.
SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATES
Supplementary estimates for the National Health Service 1call for an additional S31,800,000 for current expenditure onhospitals in England, Wales, and Scotland in the current
financial year, bringing the total to E690.431,000. The estimatefor the pharmaceutical services is increased by f:12,300,000 toE145,303,000, this new provision represents about 75% of theincrease likely to be required.
HOSPITAL COSTS FOR 1964-65
IN the Hospital Costing Returns for the year endedMarch 31,2 there is some evidence (as there was for 1963-64)3that hospital beds are being used more efficiently. On average,for the 600 hospitals covered, costs per patient per weekincreased by 8% compared with 1963-64. About two-thirds of1. Civil Estimates 1965-66: Supplementary Estimates. H.M. Stationery
Office, 1965. 3s.2. Hospital Costing Returns: year ended March 31, 1965. Part I. H.M.
Stationery Office. 30s.3. see Lancet, 1965, i, 115.
1249
this increase was accounted for by increases in wages andsalaries and higher prices. Costs per patient treated rose byonly 4%.
In London teaching hospitals the cost per patient per weekwas E50 4s. 3d. (E48 9s. 6d. in 1963-64). In acute non-teachinghospitals, the cost ranged from E31 3s. 2d. in the Liverpoolregion to E40 9s. 7d. in the Oxford region. The average cost onthe basis of patients treated brings out one striking difference-in the Oxford region, where the cost per patient per week wasthe highest in the country, the cost per patient was the lowest(E49 9s. ] ld.)
COMMUNITY HELP FOR OVERWHELMED
CASEWORKERS
THE annual report of the Richmond Fellowship I 2 showsthat five halfway houses for the care of the mentally ill are nowin use, and a sixth, at Chester, is on the verge of coming intobeing. The importance of this work has been acknowledged bya grant of E3000 per annum for three years by the GulbenkianFoundation, but eel 00,000 is urgently needed to meet immediatedemands. As the Fellowship expands, one of the greatestproblems remains the recruitment and training of suitablestaff, and sympathetic help from neighbours and employers." It is largely due to the good relations that the residentsdevelop within the communities that most of them becomeconfident and responsible enough to leave and find their ownplace in the wider community sooner or later."At the annual meeting of the Fellowship on Dec. 2, Dr.
Frank Lake spoke of the overwhelming pressure laid on case-workers, and stressed the urgent need for more voluntaryhelpers to relieve the burden imposed on them by their task of" trying to help people by living with them". They oftenfound themselves burdened with a sense of guilt about " havingnothing more to give to a particular patient, combined witha wholesome fear of a " gruesome twosome ". To avoid thesesituations it was vital that friends from outside should enter thehouses and give friendship and support to the staff.
ADVICE FOR THE DIABETIC
THE British Diabetic Association and the British DieteticAssociation are concerned at the unnecessary difficultiescreated for the diabetic and his advisers by the multiplicityof units for measuring carbohydrates. While recognising theright of any doctor to instruct his patients in any system hemay select, the two Associations are giving their official
support to the use of 10 g. of carbohydrate as the measure ofexchange.
APPROVED NAMES
The British Pharmacopoeia Commission has issued thefollowiniz new suoolementarv list of aanroved names:
Approved nameBuclosamide
Cholestyramine ..
Clamoxyquin ..
Clomocycline ..
DoxycyclineEmbutramide ..
Guanacline ....
Mebezonium Iodide..
Naftazone ....
Pecilocin ....
Pifenate ....
Other names
N-Butyl-4-chlorosalicylamidePresent in JaditA styryl-divinylbenzene copolymer (about 2%
divinylbenzene) containing quaternary ammo-nium groups
e Approved nameBuclosamideClomocyclineStilbazium IodideProcarbazineEmbutramideMebezoniumIodide
TuaminoheptaneTuaminoheptanePecilocin
University of CambridgeOn Nov. 27 the degree of M.S. was conferred on R. J. Heald
and of M.B. on Gillian J. Jepson.
University of BirminghamMr. A. D. Barnes and Mr. D. B. Clarke have been appointed
lecturers in surgery, and Dr. M. J. Chamberlain has beenappointed a lecturer in experimental pathology.
University of DublinOn Dec. 2 the following degrees were conferred:M.Ch.-J. C. Milliken.M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O.-O. P. Bourke, R. B. S. Hudson.L.M., L.Ch., L.A.O.-H. G. A. H. Develter.
National University of IrelandDr. J. P. Corridan has been appointed lecturer in social
medicine and Dr. P. B. O’Meara lecturer in hygiene at Uni-versity College, Cork.
Royal College of Physicians of EdinburghAt the annual meeting of the college on Dec. 2 Dr. I. G. W.
Hill was re-elected president, and Dr. J. A. Bruce was re-elected vice-president. Dr. J. H. Croom and Dr. R. F.Robertson were re-elected, and Dr. R. H. Girdwood, Dr.James Laurie, and Dr. E. B. French were elected members ofcouncil.
Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandIn recent examinations for the fellowship the following were
successful:Vasant Ganpatrao Gurjar, T. F. L. Keane, Shrirang Madhav Lele,
Himmat Singh Martin, J. D. Osmond, Kwong Tat Poon.
On Dec. 3 the licence in surgery and midwifery was con-ferred on the following:John Adeniyi Adebiyi, Anthonia Cyrilla Yetunde Adesalu, Abdus Salaam
Ansari, Farouk Aumeerally, Cassam Issop Amode Bahemia, H. F. Bugler,Kam Fook Choong, Margot Cutner, Norma W. R. Dias, F. G. Etches,Griselda K. Griffin, Mustapha Kemal Joomun, Rita Joseph, Conrad KandaKoza, Ahmed Suleman Mahomedy, Mahomed Cassim Mahomedy, YacoobSuleman Mall, Shaikh Mehtabuddin, J. D. Mundy, Samir Jamil Nasir,Pallanyvelu Sokalingam Pillay, Dev Vrat Ramrakha, Kandiah Sangaranan-than, Oladipo Popo-Ola Sogbetun, Nai Pow Thian.
Royal SocietyAt the anniversary meeting of this society on Nov. 30,
Prof. P. M. S. Blackett was elected president. Prof. A. A.Miles was re-elected biological secretary, and the new mem-bers elected to the council included Lord Brain, Dr. J. C.Kendrew, and Sir Solly Zuckerman.
International Congress of Christian PhysiciansThis congress is to be held in Oxford from July 11 to 15,
concurrently with a conference of Christian medical students.Details may be found in our advertisement columns.
1250
Royal Society of HealthDr. James H. Weir has been elected chairman of the council
of this society for 1966.
World Federation for Mental HealthAt the annual meeting held in Bangkok in November the
following elections were made:President, Sir Samuel Manuwa (Nigeria); vice-president, Prof.
Otto Klineberg (U.S.A.); members of the executive board, Dr. PaulLemkau (U.S.A.), Dr. Jesus Tan (Philippines), Dr. K. A. Meesook(Thailand), and Dr. Brian Shea (Australia); director, Dr. PierreVisseur.
Wellcome Grants to Australia
The Wellcome Trust has made a grant of E20,000 to enablethe Monash University Medical School to erect additionalaccommodation for the research needs of the departments ofmicrobiology, medicine, surgery, and pathology. A grant of
f:19,400 has been made to provide an automatic isotope counterand a new type of ultracentrifuge for use in a study of immunereactions which is under way at the Walter and Eliza HallInstitute in Melbourne.
Fluoridation
Kent County Council and Brighton Council have decidednot to introduce fluoride into their water-supplies.
Sir Hector MacLennan, P.R.C.O.G., has been elected chairman ofthe Scottish Postgraduate Medical Association for 1966.
Dr. H. K. Ford has been appointed surgeon-apothecary to the
Queen’s household at Sandringham in succession to Dr. J. L. B.Ansell.
A bequest by the late Mr. S. A. S. Malkin to Harlow Wood
Orthopaedic Hospital is being used to establish an S. A. S. Malkintravelling scholarship.
Lieut-Colonel J. G. Fife, I.M.S., the counsellor and seniormedical adviser to the British High Commissioner in India, gavea dinner party in New Delhi on Nov. 18 to former I.M.S.officers. Dr. K. N. Rao, the Director-General of Health Services,spoke of the way the I.M.S. had laid the foundation for the presenthealth services in India. It was agreed that an annual reunionshould be arranged in Delhi.
CORRIGENDUM: Immediate or Later Feedtng In this article byDr. B. A. Wharton and Dr. B. D. Bower (Nov. 13) the cause
under "
Hyperbilirubinasmia " on p. 970 should have ended:" ... although 5 in the ’ later ’ group exceeded 20 mg., comparedwith only 1 in the ’ immediate’ group ".
Diary of the Week
DEC. 12 TO 18Monday, 13thPOSTGRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL OF LONDON, Ducane Road, W.12
4 P.M. Dr. B. G. C. Ackner: Emotional Aspects of the Menopause.MANCHESTER MEDICAL SOCIETY
9 P.M. General Practice. Dr. W. Lawton Tonge: Management of someCommon Sexual Disorders.
5.30 P.M. (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, KeppelStreet, W.C.I.) Dr. J. P. Shillingford: Cardio-pulmonary Functionfollowing Myocardial Infarction.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL OF LONDON6 P.M. Dr. H. H. Pinkerton: Keeping out of Trouble.
ROYAL ARMY MEDICAL COLLEGE, Millbank, London, S.W.15 P.M. Mr. R. J. Furlong: Recent Advances in Orthopaedic Surgery.
Wednesday, 15thPOSTGRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL OF LONDON
2 P.M. Dr. F. V. Flynn: Data Processing and Computers in ClinicalPathology.
INSTITUTE OF DISEASES OF THE CHEST, Brompton Hospital, London, S.W.35 P.M. Mr. D. S. M. Barlow: (Esophago-gastric Surgery.
ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray’s Inn Road, London, W.C.15.15 P.M. Dr. Vincent McGovern (Camperdown, Australia): Liver
Disease in New Guinea.
Thursday, 16thBRITISH POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL FEDERATION
5.30 P.M. (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.) ProfR. A. Gregory: Gastrin.
LONDON JEWISH HOSPITAL8.15 P.M. (11, Chandos Street, W.1.) Prof. Barrie R. Jones, Mr. L. G.
Fison, Mr. A G. Leigh: Aspects of Preventable Blindness.
Pamphlets and ReportsOn the Nature and Treatment of Diabetes. This impressive
volume contains the proceedings of the fifth congress of the Inter-national Diabetes Federation, held in Toronto in 1964. With itsliberal illustrations and excellent documentation it will act as a
reference source for scientists and clinicians specialising in diabetes.(Excerpta Medica Foundation, International Congress Series no. 84.Obtainable in U.K. from Chandos House, 2, Queen Anne Street,London, W.I. E9.)
Register of Research in the Human Sciences, 1962-65.This volume, with nearly 1300 entries compiled from 300 separatesources in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, covers research in thesocial sciences, including social medicine. It carries an index ofinstitutions and the research they are undertaking, as well as a subjectindex. (Ministry of Technology: Warren Spring Laboratory,Stevenage, Herts. 1965. Obtainable from H.M. Stationery Office,Kingsway. London, W.C.2. 37s. 6d.)
Recent Advances in Allergy and Immunology. At a sym-posium of the Collegium Internationale Allergologicum held inLondon in September, 1964, 29 papers were presented. Thiscollection carries illustrations and detailed references. (Basle:S. Karger. 1965. Sw. Fr. 27.00.)
Aids for the Elderly in Home and Garden. Elderly people liketo be as independent as possible, and there are many householdappliances to help them look after themselves with ease and safety.This latest edition of a booklet, first published by the Sussex RuralCommunity Council in 1959, describes and illustrates various gadgets,together with their cost and where to buy them. " One cannotoverstress the immense comfort that such suitably selected pieces ofapparatus can bring to old people or their importance in reducing therisk of domestic accidents." (National Old People’s Welfare Council,London. 1965. Obtainable from the National Council of SocialService, 26, Bedford Square, London, W.C.1. Is. 6d., plus 4d.
postage.)
Spinal Injuries. At a symposium held at the Royal College ofSurgeons of Edinburgh in June, 1963, 19 papers were read on thetreatment of patients with spinal injuries. The participants, whoincluded Dr. Ernest Bors and Dr. Ludwig Guttmann, differed onmethods of treatment but agreed on the need to treat the wholeperson. (Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. 1965. 32s. 6d.)
Hospitalization in the Last Year of Life: United States,1961. This report is based on a sample of people who died during1961, and provides information on the hospital care they receivedduring the year preceding death. Of the 72% who received hos-pital care in the last year of life, the majority " were infants who diedof certain diseases of early infancy and of congenital malformationsand elderly persons who died of malignant neoplasms ". (Washington,D.C.: P.H.S. publication no. 1000, series 22, no. 1. Obtainablefrom the superintendent of documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, D.C. 20402.$0.35.)
General Notes on the Preparation of Scientific Papers.These notes (a revised edition of a pamphlet published by the RoyalSociety in 1950) are intended as a general guide to authors, not toreplace any instructions given by individual journals. Two sections-one on nomenclature, symbols, and abbreviations for all sciences,and the other on proof-correction marks-will be especially useful,since this information is not always given in other guides or rules forauthors. (Royal Society, Burlington House, London, W.1. 5s.)
Hospital Libraries: Recommended Standards for Librariesin Hospitals. The hospital building and development programmeincludes the provision of well-stocked libraries both for professionaluse and for recreation. This booklet offers advice on planning a
general or medical library in a hospital and nursing school. (Obtain-able from the Library Association, 7, Ridgmount Street, Store Street,London, W.C.l. 5s. including postage.)
Boiler House and Steam Boiler Plant. This revised
memorandum gives guidance on the design of hospital boiler housesand steam boiler plants with installed capacities ranging from 6000 to70,000 lb. of steam per hour. It includes a diagram and table showingthe suggested layout and dimensions of a boiler house. (Ministry ofHealth: Hospital Building Note no. 16. Obtainable from H.M.
