BONDING

Notes, packet p. 8-

12

Review, packet

p.16-17

METALS VS. NONMETALS

Look for the

ZIG-ZAGLEFT = Metals

RIGHT = Nonmetals

DOT DIAGRAMSDetermine the Dot Diagram for the following elements on p 8 in your

packet.

He

Na

BeC

B

DOT DIAGRAMS

He

Na

BeC

B

If you change protons, you change the element.

If you change the neutrons, you change the isotope.

If you change the electrons, you change the ion.New word for

today!!An ION is a CHARGED ATOM (either + or - )

This happens when an unstable atom loses or gains electrons in order to become

stable.

(Remember: 8 valence electrons = HAPPY ATOM!

Neutral atoms have an

equal number of protons

and electrons. A neutral

atom has an overall

electrical charge of zero.

BUT, a NEUTRAL atom isn’t

necessarily a STABLE atom!

WHY WOULD ATOMS GAIN OR LOSE ELECTRONS?

HAPPY ATOMS are stable meaning they fulfill the ‘Octet Rule’ (8 electrons in outer level).

Metals will LOSE electrons (+ ion) = CATION

Nonmetals will GAIN electrons (- ion) = ANION

DETERMINING CHARGE OF AN ION

Lose electron = POSITIVE

Gain electron = NEGATIVE

DETERMINING CHARGE OF AN ION

Lose electron = POSITIVE

Gain electron = NEGATIVE

Answer the following questions on p. 9 in your packet.

DETERMINING CHARGE OF AN ION

Lose electron = POSITIVE

Gain electron = NEGATIVE

Answer the following questions on p. 9 in your packet.

16 + charges

18 - charges

2 more – than +

-2 charge

8 electrons + 2 electrons = 10

electrons

Now Oxygen has 2 MORE

negative charges than positive, so charge is -2.

4 electrons - 2 electrons = 2

electrons

Now Beryllium has 2 LESS negative

charges than positive, so

charge is +2.

ION NOTATION

+1 = 1 electron lost+2 = 2 electrons lost+3 = 3 electrons lost+4 = 4 electrons lost

-1 = 1 electron gained-2 = 2 electrons gained-3 = 3 electrons gained-4 = 4 electrons gained

+1Lose

(+) or Gain (-)

How many

electrons

ADD TO YOUR PERIODIC TABLE…

+1 +

2+3

-2

-1

-3

+4 or -4

PRACTICE THESE ON P. 9 IN PACKET

Remember… – is gain and + is lose!

Why haven’t you grown up recognizing all of the elements around you? Because most

substances are compounds. Very few elements are stable enough to exist pure. Instead, they react with other elements to

form compounds. Why?....

THE

OCTET

RULE

Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons until their outer energy level contains 8 electrons.

HAPPY ATOMS!

Watch the BrainPOP

video.

Take the QUIZ!

Username: onlineschoolPassword: success

Do a SEARCH for Ions

COMPLETE ‘DETERMINING IONS’ WORKSHEET USING YOUR NOTES AND PERIODIC TABLE.

An example has been done for

you! Ask questions if you

have any.