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OCLC Online Computer Library Center
Comparing DDC and LCC shelf arrangement
Julianne Beall
Assistant Editor, DDC
Library of Congress
July 4, 2006 Vienna
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Outline
Notation
Differences in arrangement of material
Practical considerations
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Main classes and subclasses
DDC: 10 main classes
Each with up to 10 subclasses
LCC: 21 main classes
Each with up to 20+ subclasses
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DDC class numbers
Decimal numbers
Logically, the decimal point belongs at the start of the number, though for ease of reading it is placed after the third digit
Only rare, optional recommendations to subarrange alphabetically, e.g., for name or make of specific named passenger automobiles
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LCC class numbers
1-3 letters
Followed by whole numbers 1-9999
Followed in many cases by decimal extensions
Followed in many cases by subject Cutter numbers
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Abridgment
DDC class numbers can be abridged at many levels to fit different sized collections
LCC notation cannot easily be abridged (except to cut back to the initial 1-3 letters)
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DDC and book numbers
Methods of subarranging alphabetically by author are not part of DDC proper
Many different methods are used by Dewey libraries; no one method is prescribed
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LCC and book numbers
A specific kind of Cutter number is prescribed for subarranging alphabetically by author
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LCC subject Cutter lists: example
SD397.A-SD397.Z Forestry—Sylviculture—Natural history of forest trees—Description, value, and culture of individual species or groups, A-Z . . . .
SD397.M3 Maple
Maple, Sugar see SD397.S775
SD397.M4 Mesquite
Metasequoia glyptostroboides see SD397.D37
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LCC subject Cutter lists: example (2)
SD397.M65 Mopane
SD397.M84 Mulanje cedar
SD397.P6112 Pinus patula
SD397.P61124 Pinus pinea. Italian stone pine
SD397.P6114 Pinyon pines
SD397.P6115 Ponderosa pine
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DDC classified arrangement of kinds of trees in forestry
630 Agriculture
634 Orchards, fruits, forestry
634.9 Forestry
634.97 Kinds of trees
634.972 Dicotyledons
634.973 Other dicotyledons
634.974 Monocotyledons
634.975 Gymnosperms
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634.972 Dicotyledons
634.9721 †Oaks
634.9722 †Maples
634.9723 †Poplars
634.9724 †Chestnuts
634.9725 †Beeches
634.9726 †Birches
634.9727 †Lindens
634.9728 †Elms
† Add as instructed under 634.97
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634.973 Other dicotyledons
Add to base number 634.973 the numbers following 583 in 583.2-583.9 , e.g., eucalyptus 634.973766
634.973+[583]766= 634.973766
583.766 Eucalyptus (Gum trees)
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634.975 Gymnosperms (1)
634.9751-634.9758 Coniferous trees
634.9751 †Pines
634.9752 †Spruces
634.9753 †Hemlocks
634.9754 †Firs
† Add as instructed under 634.97
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634.975 Gymnosperms (2)
634.9755 †Cypresses
634.9756 †Cedars
634.9757 †Larches
634.9758 †Sequoias
† Add as instructed under 634.97
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634.9759 Other gymnosperms
Add to base number 634.9759 the numbers following 585 in 585.2-585.9 , e.g., kauris (dammar pines) 634.97593
634.9759+[585]3=634.97593
585.3 Podocarpaceae, Araucariaceae, Cephalotaxaceae (plum-yew family)
Including Huon pine, kauris (dammar pines) . . . .
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Example of DDC and LCC class numbers
Genetic variation in seedling progeny of ponderosa pine provenances
DDC: 634.97517
LCC: SD397.P6115
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More on DDC example
634.9751 Pines + 7 Varieties and kinds from add table at 634.97 = 634.97517
Libraries that have few books in this area can drop the final 7 and put all the books about pines together
The abridged DDC stops at 634.9 Forestry
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More differences in arrangement of material
There are so many differences that I cannot possibly list them all; I can only give some examples.
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CLASS G - GEOGRAPHY. ANTHROPOLOGY. RECREATION (1)
G1‑9980 Geography
GA1‑1776 Mathematical geography. Cartography
GB3‑5030 Physical geography
GC1‑1581 Oceanography
GE1‑350 Environmental sciences
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CLASS G - GEOGRAPHY. ANTHROPOLOGY. RECREATION (2)
GF1‑900 Human ecology. Anthropogeography
GN1‑890 Anthropology
GR1‑950 Folklore
GT1‑7070 Manners and customs (General)
GV1‑1860 Recreation. Leisure
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DDC in 300s corresponding to LCC G
300 Social sciences
301 Sociology and anthropology (GN)
304 Factors affecting social behavior
304.2 Human ecology (GF)
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DDC in 300s corresponding to LCC G (2)
330 Economics
333 Economics of land and energy
333.7 Land, recreational and wilderness areas,
energy
Class here interdisciplinary works on the environment (GE)
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DDC in 300s corresponding to LCC G (3)
390 Customs, etiquette & folklore (GT)
398 Folklore (GR)
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DDC in 500s corresponding to LCC G
500 Science
520 Astronomy and allied sciences
526 Mathematical geography
(GA)
Class here cartography (GA)
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DDC in 500s corresponding to LCC G (2)
550 Earth sciences & geology
551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology
551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere
551.46 Hydrosphere and submarine geology Oceanography
(GC)
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DDC in 700s corresponding to LCC G
700 Arts & recreation
790 Recreational and performing arts (GV)
790.1 General kinds of recreational
activities
Class here leisure (GV)
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DDC in 900s corresponding to LCC G
900 History & geography
910 Geography and travel (G)
910.02 The earth (Physical geography)
(GB)
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GV Recreation. Leisure (1)
363.14 Hazards in sports and recreation
790-790.1 Recreation. . . General kinds of recreational activities
791.1-791.3 Traveling shows; minstrel shows; circuses
791.8 Animal performances
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GV Recreation. Leisure (2)
792.62 Dancing
792.78-792.8 Theatrical dancing; ballet and modern dance
793-797 Indoor games and amusements; athletic and outdoor sports and games; aquatic and air sports
799.3 Shooting other than game
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Individual literary authors and works in DDC (1)
Classed by language, form, and literary period; no class numbers devoted to specific authors. Examples:
831.914 German poetry—1945-1990
832.914 German drama—1945-1990
833.914 German fiction—1945-1990
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Individual literary authors and works in DDC (2)
Individual works by the same author in more than one form are separated according to form
Comprehensive collections of an author’s works are classed with the author’s predominant form, if there is a predominant form
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Individual literary authors and works in DDC (3)
If there is no predominant form, comprehensive works are classed in a special number for individual authors not limited to or chiefly identifiable with one specific form. Example:
838.91409 German authors of the period 1945-1990 not identified with a specific form
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Individual authors and works in DDC (4)
You can use book numbers to bring together works of an author in the same form and editions of a work. There are several ways to do it; here’s one.
Example: Böll, Heinrich, 1917-
833.914.B6333z 1963
Der Zug war pünktlich
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Individual literary authors and works in LCC (1)
LCC has specific class numbers devoted to specific authors
Works in all forms by the author are classed in subdivisions of the number
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Individual literary authors and works in LCC (2)
Example:
German literature—Individual authors or works—1860/70-1960—B-Bz—Böll, Heinrich, 1917-
PT2603.O394
PT2603.O394Z45 1973
Der Zug war pünktlich
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Editions of DDC and LCC
DDC:
4 volumes in full edition
1 volume abridged edition
Full and abridged web versions
LCC:
41 volumes
No abridged edition
Full web version
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Translations
DDC has been translated into more than thirty languages (not all of these are current)
There is a current German translation of the full edition, but no German translation of the abridged edition
There is a web version of the German full edition
There is no translation of all of LCC
There are translations of some parts into a few languages (e.g., Spanish), but I am not aware of any German translation
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Up to date
Both DDC and LCC are actively being kept up to date
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Users of DDC
Used by a wide range of sizes and types of libraries in 138 countries
School libraries
Public libraries
Special libraries
College and university libraries
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Users of LCC
Primarily large and medium-sized academic and research libraries in English-speaking countries
Some specialized collections that are part of a larger general library, e.g., a university law library, may be classed in LCC when the rest of the collection is not
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A final practical consideration
What classification is used by the majority of the libraries whose records you want to use for copy cataloging?
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Resources and links
ddc-deutsch:
http://www.ddc-deutsch.de/
Library of Congress Cataloging Distribution Service:
http://www.loc.gov/cds/classif.html
OCLC Dewey Services:
http://www.oclc.org/dewey/