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Multiple Intelligences in

Islamic Perspective

Ansharullah

TITLE

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He introduced the tests of intelligence (IQ-TEST)in order to sit out the retarded children and to place

other children at their appropriate grade level.

This test Influenced the way of teaching in Indonesia

BACK GROUNDAlfred Binet, 1904,

With his friend, Theodore Simon.

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ALL STUDENTS

ARE TREATED

IN THE SAME

TEACHING

STRATEGIES

MOST SCHOOLS IN

INDONESIADO NOT VALUE STUDENT

DIFFERENT UNIQUENESS

STUDENTSARE EVALUATED IN

THE SAME WAY

90%OF THE INDONESIANS

STUDENTSARE MOSLEMS,AND

REPR

ESENTM

OST of Indonesianpopulation as a whole. The humanintellectual competence of students are not

developed

90%OF THE

IndonesianPOPULATION

AREMOSLEMS

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National education must be based on

students talent, interest and intelligence.

Indonesian Constitutionnumber 20 , 2003 Issues on: National Education System

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How does Islamic traditionaccommodate Multiple Intelligences

Theory (Howard Gardner) ineducation.

Research Question

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To find out

how Islam accommodates the

theory ofM

ultiple intelligencesin education.

Objective of the Research

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Theoritical Framework

Chapter " II "

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Humans beings are different and

have certain areas of being unique.

New Paradigm

(Multiple Intelligences Theory)

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Intelligence

Intelligence is combination of humantraits, which includes a capacity forinsight into complex relationships, all of

the processes involved in abstractthinking, adaptability in problemsolving, and capacity to acquire newcapacity

Sumber : Barbara Clark, Growing Up Gifted, Developing the Potentialof Children at Home and at School, Second Edition, Colombus:Charles E. Mernil Publishing Company, A Bell & Howell Company1986, p.8

9

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In what follows, I argue that there is persuasive evidence for existence of severalrelatively autonomous human intellectual competence , abbreviated hereafter ashuman intelligences. These are frames of mind of my title . The exact nature andbreadth of each intellectual frame has not so far been satisfactorily established, norhas the precise number of intelligences been fixed. But the conviction that there exist

at least some intelligences, that these are relatively independent of one another, andthat they can be fashioned and combined in a multiplicity of adaptive ways byindividuals and cultures, seems to me to be increasingly difficult to deny.

Howard Gardner on MI

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Howard Gardner

Every born-child has at least

eight intelligences.

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Howard Gardner

1. Linguistic Intelligence.

2. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence

3. Spatial Intelligence,

4. Musical Intelligence

5.B

odily-Kinesthetic Intelligence6. Interpersonal Intelligence

7. Intrapersonal IntelligenceI

8. Natural Intelligence

12

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It is a strategy of teaching in which all the students

intellectual competences (intelligences) must be

developed.

Operational definition of MI

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The meaning of islam :

1. selamat happiness in the world and hereafter

2. Rahmatan lilalamin It is blessing for whole

Universe

IslamIntroduced by Prophet Muhammad 573 -623 AD

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1. First Verse in the revelation of Quran is theverb Iqra

a. Literal meaning read !.

b. Contextual meaning

Learn !.

2. God says I haveth completed mydoctrines in the religion of Islam.

Verses which support learning

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1. Jurisprudency,lawrightorwrong2. Sufism,emotion,qalb (soul)3. Philosophy,mind4. FreewillorPredestination

Sumber :Harun,Nasution, Islam Ditinjau dari Berbagai Aspeknya,Jilid I, Jakarta:Universitas Indonesia, 1985.hal 7-92

Approaches to God

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Hollistics

GodhathdeterminedthatHumanfacultyisthecentralkey, butthefacultyalonedoesntworkwithoutitscombinationwithemotionandsoul.

Sumber : Muhammad Husain Haekal, Sejarah HidupMuhammad, terjemahan Ali Audah, Jakarta: PT, InterMasa, 1996 hal:658

Haekal (1888 1956)

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This Research is a qualitative research.Specifically: Phylosophycal Inquiry

Method :Content Analysis

Research Methodology

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An Introduction to Content Analysis

Content analysis

is a research tool used to determine the presence of

certain words or concepts within texts or sets oftexts. Researchers quantify and analyze the presence,meanings and relationships of such words andconcepts, then make inferences about the messages

within the texts,Ole Holsty(1969)

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Collect all verses in

Al Quran which are correspondent with the idea ofMI

Collect all hadith (hadis)

which are correspondent with the idea ofMI

Collect all scholars thoughts

which are correspondent with the idea ofMI

Data Analyses

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Seminar on MI In Islamic perspective to the

Islamic Scholars.

1. Pro-revelation

2. Rationalist

3. Educational Practitioners

Validation