OMEGAMON with Active Directory...

User’s GuideOMEGAMON® XE for Windows Servers

with Active Directory Support

Version 400

GC32-9331-00

May 2004

Candle Corporation100 North Sepulveda Blvd.

El Segundo, California 90245

2 OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support User’s Guide, V400

Registered trademarks and service marks of Candle Corporation: AF/OPERATOR, AF/REMOTE, Availability Command Center, Candle, Candle CIRCUIT, Candle Command Center, Candle Direct logo, Candle eDelivery, Candle Electronic Customer Support, Candle logo, Candle Management Server, Candle Management Workstation, CandleLight, CandleNet, CandleNet Command Center, CandleNet eBusiness Platform, CandleNet Portal, CL/CONFERENCE, CL/SUPERSESSION, CommandWatch, CT, CT/Data Server, CT/DS, DELTAMON, DEXAN, eBA, eBA*ServiceMonitor, eBA*ServiceNetwork, eBusiness at the speed of light, eBusiness Assurance, eBusiness Institute, ELX, EPILOG, ESRA, ETEWatch, IntelliWatch, IntelliWatch Pinnacle, MQSecure, MQView, OMEGACENTER, OMEGAMON, OMEGAMON II, OMEGAMON Monitoring Agent, OMEGAMON Monitoring Agents, OMEGAVIEW, OMEGAVIEW II, PQEdit, Response Time Network, Roma, SitePulse, Solutions for Networked Applications, Solutions for Networked Businesses, TMA2000, Transplex, and Volcano.Trademarks and service marks of Candle Corporation: AF/Advanced Notification, AF/PERFORMER, Alert Adapter, Alert Adapter Plus, Alert Emitter, AMS, Amsys, AutoBridge, AUTOMATED FACILITIES, Availability Management Systems, Business Services Composer, Candle Alert, Candle Business Partner Logo, Candle Command Center/SentinelManager, Candle CommandPro, Candle eSupport, Candle Insight, Candle InterFlow, Candle Managing what matters most, Candle Service Suite, Candle Technologies, CandleNet, CandleNet 2000, CandleNet Conversion, CandleNet eBP, CandleNet eBP Access for S.W.I.F.T., CandleNet eBP Administrator, CandleNet eBP Broker Access for Mercator or MQSI, CandleNet eBP Configuration, CandleNet eBP Connector, CandleNet eBP File Transfer, CandleNet eBP Host Connect, CandleNet eBP Object Access, CandleNet eBP Object Browser, CandleNet eBP Secure Access, CandleNet eBP Service Directory, CandleNet eBP Universal Connector, CandleNet eBP Workflow Access, CandleNet eBusiness Assurance, CandleNet eBusiness Exchange, CandleNet eBusiness Platform Administrator, CandleNet eBusiness Platform Connector, CandleNet eBusiness Platform Connectors, CandleNet eBusiness Platform Powered by Roma Technology, CandleNet eBusiness Platform Service Directory, Candle Vision, CCC, CCP, CCR2, CEBA, CECS, CICAT, CL/ENGINE, CL/GATEWAY, CL/TECHNOLOGY, CMS, CMW, Command & Control, Connect-Notes, Connect-Two, CSA ANALYZER, CT/ALS, CT/Application Logic Services, CT/DCS, CT/Distributed Computing Services, CT/Engine, CT/Implementation Services, CT/IX, CT/Workbench, CT/Workstation Server, CT/WS, !DB Logo, !DB/DASD, !DB/EXPLAIN, !DB/MIGRATOR, !DB/QUICKCHANGE, !DB/QUICKCOMPARE, !DB/SMU, !DB/Tools, !DB/WORKBENCH, Design Network, e2e, eBA*SE, eBAA, eBAAuditor, eBAN, eBANetwork, eBAAPractice, eBP, eBusiness Assurance Network, eBusiness at the speed of light, eBusiness at the speed of light logo, eBusiness Exchange, eBX, End-to-End, eNotification, ENTERPRISE, Enterprise Candle Command Center, Enterprise Candle Management Workstation, Enterprise Reporter Plus, ER+, ERPNet, ETEWatch Customizer, HostBridge, InterFlow, Candle InterFlow, Lava Console, Managing what matters most, MessageMate, Messaging Mastered, Millennium Management Blueprint, MMNA, MQADMIN, MQEdit, MQEXPERT, MQMON, NBX, NC4, NetGlue, NetGlue Extra, NetMirror, NetScheduler, New Times, New Team, New Readiness, OMA, OMC Gateway, OMC Status Manager, OMEGACENTER Bridge, OMEGACENTER Gateway, OMEGACENTER Status Manager, OMEGAMON/e, OMEGAMON Management Center, OSM, PathWAI, PC COMPANION, Performance Pac, Powered by Roma Technology, PowerQ, PQConfiguration, PQScope, Roma Application Manager, Roma Broker, Roma BSP, Roma Connector, Roma Developer, Roma FS/A, Roma FS/Access, RomaNet, Roma Network, Roma Object Access, Roma Secure, Roma WF/Access, Roma Workflow Access, RTA, RTN, SentinelManager, Somerset, Somerset Systems, Status Monitor, The Millennium Alliance, The Millennium Alliance logo, The Millennium Management Network Alliance, Tracer, Unified Directory Services, WayPoint, and ZCopy.Trademarks and registered trademarks of other companies: AIX, DB2, MQSeries and WebSphere are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Citrix, WinFrame, and ICA are registered trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. Multi-Win and MetaFrame are trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. SAP is a registered trademark and R/3 is a trademark of SAP AG. UNIX is a registered trademark in the U.S. and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Ltd. HP-UX is a trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company. SunOS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. All other company and product names used herein may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

Copyright © May 2004, Candle Corporation, a California corporation. All rights reserved. International rights secured.

Threaded Environment for AS/400, Patent No. 5,504,898; Data Server with Data Probes Employing Predicate Tests in Rule Statements (Event Driven Sampling), Patent No. 5,615,359; MVS/ESA Message Transport System Using the XCF Coupling Facility, Patent No. 5,754,856; Intelligent Remote Agent for Computer Performance Monitoring, Patent No. 5,781,703; Data Server with Event Driven Sampling, Patent No. 5,809,238; Threaded Environment for Computer Systems Without Native Threading Support, Patent No. 5,835,763; Object Procedure Messaging Facility, Patent No. 5,848,234; End-to-End Response Time Measurement for Computer Programs, Patent No. 5,991,705; Communications on a Network, Patent Pending; Improved Message Queuing Based Network Computing Architecture, Patent Pending; User Interface for System Management Applications, Patent Pending.

NOTICE: This documentation is provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions set forth in the applicable license agreement and/or the applicable government rights clause.This documentation contains confidential, proprietary information of Candle Corporation that is licensed for your internal use only. Any unauthorized use, duplication, or disclosure is unlawful.

Contents 3

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5About This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Adobe Portable Document Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Documentation Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Candle Customer Service and Satisfaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Chapter 1. Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15The OMEGAMON XE Operating Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16What Are OMEGAMON XE and OMEGAMON DE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21What Is CandleNet Portal?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23About OMEGAMON XE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25About OMEGAMON DE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Using the CandleNet Portal Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Workspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Take Action Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Investigating an Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Chapter 2. Workspaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Introducing the Workspaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Address Book Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Directory System Agent Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Exchange Directory Service Workspace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Kerberos Key Distribution Center Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Knowledge Consistency Checker Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Local Security Authority Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Name Service Provider Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Replication Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Security Accounts Manager Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Contents


Chapter 3. Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Troubleshooting Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Preface 5

Preface

This user’s guide provides information about the use of OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support to monitor availability and performance of your Microsoft Active Directory services. This guide will help you

� become familiar with the predefined workspaces that report on your Active Directory system

� anticipate and detect problems in using your Active Directory environment

� access specific information about events occurring in your environment

P

About This Book


About This Book

Who should read this bookThis guide is intended to be used by OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support system administrators. The guide supplements the online help provided with OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support.

Candle recommends that you reference this document whenever you need additional information about the OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support product, its attributes, workspaces, and situations.

This manual assumes that you

� have installed CandleNet Portal™� have installed OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active

Directory Support

� are familiar with basic CandleNet Portal concepts, tasks, and features

If you are unfamiliar with these concepts and tasks, please review the Administering OMEGAMON Products: CandleNet Portal. You should also review the online CandleNet Portal Tour to become familiar with the product’s features and capabilities.

Documentation set informationCandle® provides several sources of documentation for the OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support. Each of these sources contains a specific type of information to help you use the product. Relevant manuals are the

� OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support User’s Guide, V400, 3Z54-6919

Introduces the features, workspaces, attributes, predefined situations, and take action commands for OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support.

Preface 7

About This Book

� OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers User’s Guide, V400, NT54-6917

Introduces the features, workspaces, attributes, predefined situations, and take action commands for OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers.

� the documentation for CandleNet Portal that came with your OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support product

Provides instructions for using the CandleNet Portal interface to monitor the enterprise.

� the documentation for OMEGAMON XE that came with your OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support product

Provides instructions for setting up the Candle Management Server® (CMS™).

� the installation documentation that came with your OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support product

Provides instructions for installing the product and the framework components.

Where to look for more informationFor more information about this product and other related products, please see the

� technical documentation CD-ROM that came with your product

� technical documentation information available on the Candle Web site at www.candle.com

� online help provided with this and the other related products

Ordering additional product documentationTo order additional product manuals, contact your Candle Support Services representative.

About This Book


We would like to hear from youCandle welcomes your comments and suggestions for changes or additions to the documentation set. A user comment form, located at the back of each manual, provides simple instructions for communicating with the Candle Information Development department. You can also send email to [email protected]. Please include “OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support User’s Guide, V400” in the subject line.

Preface 9

Adobe Portable Document Format


Printing this bookCandle supplies documentation in the Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF). The Adobe Acrobat Reader will print PDF documents with the fonts, formatting, and graphics in the original document. To print a Candle document, do the following:

1. Specify the print options for your system. From the Acrobat Reader Menu bar, select File > Page Setup… and make your selections. A setting of 300 dpi is highly recommended as is duplex printing if your printer supports this option.

2. To start printing, select File > Print... on the Acrobat Reader Menu bar.

3. On the Print pop-up, select one of the Print Range options for� All� Current page� Pages from: [ ] to: [ ]

4. (Optional). Select the Shrink to Fit option if you need to fit oversize pages to the paper size currently loaded on your printer.

Printing problems?The print quality of your output is ultimately determined by your printer. Sometimes printing problems can occur. If you experience printing problems, potential areas to check are:� settings for your printer and printer driver. (The dpi settings for both your

driver and printer should be the same. A setting of 300 dpi is recommended.)

� the printer driver you are using. (You may need a different printer driver or the Universal Printer driver from Adobe. This free printer driver is available at www.adobe.com.)

� the halftone/graphics color adjustment for printing color on black and white printers (check the printer properties under Start > Settings > Printer). For more information, see the online help for the Acrobat Reader.

� the amount of available memory in your printer. (Insufficient memory can cause a document or graphics to fail to print.)

For additional information on printing problems, refer to the documentation for your printer or contact your printer manufacturer.



Contacting AdobeIf additional information is needed about Adobe Acrobat Reader or printing problems, see the Readme.pdf file that ships with Adobe Acrobat Reader or contact Adobe at www.adobe.com.

Adding annotations to PDF filesIf you have purchased the Adobe Acrobat application, you can add annotations to Candle documentation in .PDF format. See the Adobe product for instructions on using the Acrobat annotations tool and its features.

http://www.adobe.com

Preface 11

Documentation Conventions


IntroductionCandle documentation adheres to accepted typographical conventions for command syntax. Conventions specific to Candle documentation are discussed in the following sections.

Panels and figuresThe panels and figures in this document are representations. Actual product panels may differ.

Required blanksThe slashed-b (!) character in examples represents a required blank. The following example illustrates the location of two required blanks.

!!!!eBA*ServiceMonitor!!!!0990221161551000

Revision barsRevision bars (|) may appear in the left margin to identify new or updated material.

Variables and literals in command syntax examplesIn examples of command syntax for the OS/390, VM, OS/400, and NonStop Kernel platforms, uppercase letters indicate actual values (literals) that the user should type; lowercase letters indicate variables that represent data supplied by the user:

LOGON APPLID (cccccccc)

However, for the Windows and UNIX platforms, variables are shown in italics:

-candle.kzy.instrument.control.file=instrumentation_control_file_name-candle.kzy.agent.parms=agent_control_file_name

Note: In ordinary text, variable names appear in italics, regardless of platform.



SymbolsThe following symbols may appear in command syntax:

Table 1. Symbols in Command Syntax

Symbol Usage

| The “or” symbol is used to denote a choice. Either the argument on the left or the argument on the right may be used. Example:

YES | NOIn this example, YES or NO may be specified.

[ ] Denotes optional arguments. Those arguments not enclosed in square brackets are required. Example:

APPLDEST DEST [ALTDEST]In this example, DEST is a required argument and ALTDEST is optional.

{ } Some documents use braces to denote required arguments, or to group arguments for clarity. Example:

COMPARE {workload} -REPORT={SUMMARY | HISTOGRAM}

The workload variable is required. The REPORT keyword must be specified with a value of SUMMARY or HISTOGRAM.

_ Default values are underscored. Example:

COPY infile outfile - [COMPRESS={YES | NO}]In this example, the COMPRESS keyword is optional. If specified, the only valid values are YES or NO. If omitted, the default is YES.

Preface 13

Candle Customer Service and Satisfaction


BackgroundTo assist you in making effective use of our products, Candle offers a variety of easy-to-use online support resources. The Candle Web site provides direct links to a variety of support tools that include these services:

eSupport allows you to create and update service requests opened with Customer Service and Satisfaction (CSS).

eDelivery allows you to download products, documentation, and maintenance 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

eNotification notifies you of product updates and new releases.

In addition, you can find information about training, maintenance plans, consulting and services, and other useful support resources. Refer to the Candle Web site at www.candle.com for detailed customer service information.

Candle Customer Service and Satisfaction contactsYou will find the most current information about how to contact Candle CSS by telephone or email on the Candle Web site. Go to the www.candle.com support section, and choose the link to Support Contacts to locate your regional support center.

http://www.candle.com

http://www.candle.com



Getting Started 15

Getting Started

IntroductionThis chapter introduces you to OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support, its facilities, and the environment in which it operates.

Chapter contentsThe OMEGAMON XE Operating Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16What Are OMEGAMON XE and OMEGAMON DE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21What Is CandleNet Portal? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23About OMEGAMON XE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25About OMEGAMON DE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Using the CandleNet Portal Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Workspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Take Action Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Investigating an Event. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

1

The OMEGAMON XE Operating Environment



Features of OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support

Omegamon XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support offers a central point of management for your Microsoft Active Directory service. It provides a comprehensive means for gathering exactly the information you need to detect problems early and to prevent them. Information is standardized across the system. You can monitor a multitude of servers from a single workstation. Omegamon XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support lets you easily collect and analyze Active Directory-specific information, including:

� address information from address book providers

� physical storage details for Active Directory

� Knowledge Consistency Checker details

� Kerberos Key Distribution Center details

� Lightweight Directory Access Protocol details

� built-in logon authentication and user authorization information

� communication data between the Active Directory and Exchange Directory Service (XDS)

� user account information, including groups to which a user belongs

� a view of all users and resources within the Microsoft Exchange Server environment

Note: OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers functionality is described in OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers User’s Guide, V400, NT54-6917.

Getting Started 17


User interface to OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support

OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support uses the CandleNet Portal® interface. By providing a consolidated view of your environment, CandleNet Portal permits you to monitor and resolve performance issues throughout the enterprise. The special characteristics of this user interface include

� a Navigator view of your enterprise. When a condition you are monitoring exceeds thresholds you define, an alert appears in the enterprise Navigator to let you know. Additionally, sound files can be associated with situation states. When the alert indicator appears, an associated sound file plays.

ENTERPRISE

Windows Systems

YOURSYSTEM

Windows Server Active Directory Service

Address Book

Replication

Directory System Agent

Knowledge Consistency Checker

Kerberos Key Distribution Center

KDC TGS Requests

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

Local Security Authority

Name Service Provider

Security Accounts Manager

Exchange Directory Service



� workspaces that contain various types of information whose format and content you can customize. When a condition you are monitoring exceeds thresholds you define, an alert appears in the OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support workspace to let you know.

� attributes you can use to create situations that monitor areas of particular interest and issue alerts when specified conditions are met.

� predefined situations you can either use as shipped to begin monitoring immediately or modify to monitor your specific environment.

Highlights of the CandleNet Portal interface are described in “Using the CandleNet Portal Interface” on page 31.

Historical data collectionIn addition to the real-time reports offered by CandleNet Portal workspaces, you can set up historical data collection to store and save OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support data. You can specify

� attribute groups for historical data collection

� data collection intervals

� data warehousing interval (if you choose to write your data to a data warehouse)

� storage location for the collected data. Historical data can be stored either at the location of the monitoring agent or on the Candle Management Server® (CMS™).

Process Name ID Process % User Time

super 108 64

taskman 63 35

mgconfig 192 30

java 89 22

notepad 72 8

Getting Started 19


To ensure that data samplings are saved to populate your predefined historical workspaces, you must first configure and start historical data collection. This requirement does not apply to workspaces using attribute groups that are historical in nature and show all their entries without your starting data collection separately.

Information about using the historical data collection function can be found in the CandleNet Portal online Help and in the Historical Data Collection Guide for OMEGAMON XE and CandleNet Command Center.

Benefits of usingOMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support

OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support provides these benefits:

� Increases knowledge—with extensive reporting capabilities that provide real-time access to reliable, up-to-the-minute data. Thus, you can make faster, better-informed operating decisions.

� Enhances system performance—by letting you integrate, monitor, and manage your system, environment, console, and mission-critical applications. For example, OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support can alert you when conditions in your environment meet or exceed the thresholds you set. These alerts notify your system administrator to limit and control system traffic.

� Simplifies application and system management—by managing applications, platforms, and resources across your system.



OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support operating environment

OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support can help you address the increasing challenges presented by today’s technical environment. The environment in which OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support operates includes

� the OMEGAMON® XE product set. See “What Are OMEGAMON XE and OMEGAMON DE?” on page 21.

� OMEGAMON DE. See “What Are OMEGAMON XE and OMEGAMON DE?” on page 21.

� the CandleNet Portal user interface. See “What Is CandleNet Portal?” on page 23 and “Using the CandleNet Portal Interface” on page 31.

Getting Started 21

What Are OMEGAMON XE and OMEGAMON DE?


What OMEGAMON XE doesOMEGAMON XE is a suite of Candle® products that monitor and manage system and network applications on a variety of platforms. These products keep track of the availability and performance of all parts of your enterprise from one or more designated workstations, and provide reports you can use to track trends and troubleshoot problems.

How you can use OMEGAMON XEYou can use OMEGAMON XE to

� create situations (conditions to test when monitoring)

� establish performance thresholds, and raise alerts when thresholds are exceeded or values are matched

� trace the causes leading up to an alert

� create and send commands to systems in your managed enterprise by means of the Take Action feature

� create comprehensive reports about system conditions

� define your own queries, using the attributes provided by OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support, to monitor conditions of particular interest to you.

Components of the OMEGAMON XE platformThe client/server/agent implementation includes

� a client, CandleNet Portal, with a Java-based user interface for viewing and monitoring your enterprise. CandleNet Portal offers two modes of operation: desktop and browser.

� a CandleNet Portal server that retrieves, manipulates, and analyzes data from the Candle agents in your enterprise

� a CMS, which acts as a collection and control point for alerts received from the agents, and collects their performance and availability data



� Candle monitoring agents installed on the systems or subsystems you want to monitor. These agents collect and distribute data to a CMS. OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support is such an agent.

What OMEGAMON DE doesOMEGAMON DE offers a dashboard view of your enterprise. It gives you a single point of control for managing the resources your business-critical applications rely on, including a range of operating systems, servers, databases, mainframes, and Web components. For example, a typical IT network might have a Web server running on Windows NT, an application server running on UNIX, a database on OS/390, and a transaction processor on CICS on the mainframe. OMEGAMON DE brings all these views together in a single window, so you can see when any component is not working as expected.

Getting Started 23

What Is CandleNet Portal?


What CandleNet Portal doesCandleNet Portal is the interface into your OMEGAMON XE products. In the same way you use your browser home page as a starting point for navigating the Internet, you use CandleNet Portal to get a high-level overview of your network environment. One section of the window displays the Navigator, a tree-like view of your monitored network, with alert icons that appear when problems arise. The rest of the window is filled with views pertinent to the chosen item in the Navigator tree. From the top level or from your home workspace, you can navigate to specific locations to check activity and investigate problems.

Modes of operationCandleNet Portal offers two modes of operation:

� desktop mode, in which the CandleNet Portal client is installed on your workstation and runs as a desktop application.

� browser mode, in which the system administrator installs the CandleNet Portal client on the Web server, and you start CandleNet Portal from your browser. In browser mode, thin client software is downloaded to your system the first time you log on to CandleNet Portal, and thereafter only when there are software updates.

When using CandleNet Portal in browser mode, you can start it from any workstation by entering the URL for the Web server where the browser mode client is installed. Each CandleNet Portal workspace also has a URL, so that you can save the workspace to your Favorites list or specify it as your home page.

Figure 1 on page 24 shows a workspace for the item chosen in the tree. This workspace was designed with bar charts and a table containing critical, warning, and informational thresholds



FIGURE 1. Example Workspace

Getting Started 25

About OMEGAMON XE

About OMEGAMON XE

Features of OMEGAMON XEThe features listed below are available with CandleNet Portal V195 interface for OMEGAMON XE.

Customized workspaces for each information group

CandleNet Portal retrieves monitoring data at regular intervals and sends the results to the workspace in the form of charts and tables. You can start monitoring activity and system status immediately with the predefined workspaces. With just a few clicks of the mouse, you can tailor your own workspaces to look at specific conditions, display critical threshold values in red, and filter incoming data so you see only what matters.

Workspace views

CandleNet Portal offers a set of views you can use to build and customize workspaces: � Table views display data the Candle monitoring agents

have gathered. You can also display data from ODBC databases.

� Chart views—pie, bar, plot, gauge—also display data from Candle monitoring agents.

� Notepad view opens a simple text editor for writing text that can be saved with the workspace.

� Message log view shows the status of the situations running on your managed network.

� Take Action view lets you enter a command or select a predefined command, and execute it on any system in your managed network.

� Terminal view starts a 3270 or 5250 session for working with OS/390 or OS/400 applications.

� Browser view opens the integrated browser.

Linked workspaces

If you often go from one workspace to another, you can build a link between them to speed the transition. You can also build links that originate from a table or from a bar or pie chart, and use relevant data from the source link to determine the link target.

About OMEGAMON XE


User-defined queries

Every Candle monitoring agent comes with a set of predefined queries for every attribute group. These queries tell the CMS what monitoring data to retrieve from the agent to display in a chart or table view. You can create your own queries to specify exactly which attributes to retrieve for the table or chart, thus saving valuable resources by retrieving only the data you want and nothing more. For example, you can build a filter into the query to retrieve only those records whose file size is greater than 5 megabytes.

Additionally, you can write SQL queries to ODBC data sources and apply the results to any chart or table. This enables you to show Candle data and data from other sources (such as third-party databases) in a single workspace.

User administration

CandleNet Portal provides the user administration feature for adding new user IDs, complete with selectable permissions for the major features and specific managed systems.

Managed System lists

You can create and maintain named lists of managed systems that can be applied to:� situation distribution lists� policies correlated by business application group� managed system assignments for queries� managed system assignments in custom Navigator views

Historical data You can configure CandleNet Portal to retain data samplings in history files and, if you have data warehousing set up, roll off to a historical database. Using chart and table views, you can then look over what happened hours, days, or weeks past to find a pattern, or you can filter out unwanted data to see specific areas of interest.

Interaction with systems from your console

The Take Action feature lets you enter a command or select a predefined command, and execute it on any system in your managed network.

Conditional alerts with the Situation editor

You can write comparisons with threshold values that CandleNet Portal tests against monitored data. When it finds a matching value (or one within a range), it displays an indicator to alert you.

Getting Started 27

About OMEGAMON XE

Sound for open events (optional)

Sound files (.wav) can be associated with situation states. For example, when any warning situation becomes true, an associated sound file plays when the event indicator appears on the Navigator item. The options for setting up sound enable you to specify one sound for one situation or one sound for all situations of the same state or all situations of the same Candle agent type. This feature is turned off by default.

About OMEGAMON DE


About OMEGAMON DE

OMEGAMON DE featuresOMEGAMON DE V195 provides all the features of CandleNet Portal included with OMEGAMON XE, plus these application integration components.

Multiple applications in one workspace

In one workspace you can build a table or chart with data from one type of monitoring agent, and another table or chart with data from a different agent, showing views from as many different agent types as are included on that branch of the Navigator.

Linking between application workspaces

You can define a link from a workspace associated with one application to the workspace of another.

Graphic view The graphic view lets you place icons of Navigator items on a map or other background graphic, giving you a visual orientation for quick detection of problems anywhere in your monitored enterprise. You can zoom in and you can add such graphics as floor plans and organization charts. Figure 2 on page 30 illustrates a graphic view.

Custom Navigator views

CandleNet Portal comes with the Navigator physical view, which organizes your managed enterprise by operating platform and agent type, and the Navigator business view, which initially shows one Navigator item or, if you have a Candle Management Workstation® (CMW™) installation, a hierarchy of your managed objects. You can also define Navigator views for any logical hierarchy, such as a departmental or site hierarchy.

Getting Started 29

About OMEGAMON DE

Event Console view

In a single console, you can see the entire list of alerts that have occurred over a certain period. The Event Console view lists each alert, including such information as the age of the alert, where and when it occurred, and the situation name. The console has a toolbar for filtering the view to show only the alerts you want to see and a pop-up menu for managing alerts.

Additionally, the data view manipulation enhancements listed under “What Are OMEGAMON XE and OMEGAMON DE?” on page 21, also apply to the Event Console view: page size control, maintaining column width settings, and so on.

Universal Agent support

Candle's OMEGAMON Universal Agent is an agent you can configure to monitor any data you collect. It lets you integrate data from virtually any platform and any source, such as custom applications, databases, systems, and subsystems. Your defined data providers are listed in the Navigator, and default workspaces are automatically created for them. As with any other Candle monitoring agent, you can display data from your Universal Agent’s attributes in workspace views and use them in situations for monitoring.

Activities based on OMEGAMON Web Services

Activities such as Get a Candle Report and Execute an AF/Operator Command are available in the Workflow editor. These activities apply to the OMEGAMON Web Services product.

About OMEGAMON DE


FIGURE 2. OMEGAMON DE Graphic View

OMEGAMON DE Policy ManagementThe CandleNet Portal V195 Policy Management solution incorporates all the features of OMEGAMON DE and adds automation capabilities by means of the Workflow editor. The Workflow editor enables you to design sets of automated system processes, called policies, to resolve system problems. A policy performs actions, schedules work to be performed by users, or automates manual tasks.

Getting Started 31

Using the CandleNet Portal Interface


Where to find the detailsThis unit provides a high-level summary of CandleNet Portal’s operation. You can find detailed instructions for using CandleNet Portal in

� the CandleNet Portal online Help

� Using OMEGAMON Products: CandleNet Portal

� Administering OMEGAMON Products: CandleNet Portal

� Historical Data Collection Guide for OMEGAMON XE and CandleNet Command Center

Application window

The CandleNet Portal application window displays information about your enterprise. On the left is the Navigator, which shows the arrangement of your monitored network and any alerts associated with systems and applications on the network. On the right is a workspace. As you select each item in the Navigator, the workspace changes to show views for that item.



FIGURE 3. CandleNet Portal Application Window

NavigatorThe Navigator physical view shows the hierarchy of your monitored enterprise, from the top level ( ENTERPRISE) down to individual groupings of information collected by Candle monitoring agents. Every item in the Navigator is associated with at least one workspace. When you click an item in the Navigator, its default workspace displays in the application window.The Navigator provides a physical view of your monitored network, organized by operating system platform, system type, Candle monitoring agents, and the attribute groups from which the agents can collect information.

Getting Started 33


Sometimes a small colored icon overlays a Navigator icon. This is an alert, or event indicator, which appears when a situation becomes true. As you move up the Navigator hierarchy, multiple events are consolidated to show only the indicator with the highest severity: critical, followed by warning, then informational.

Workspaces


Workspaces

What is a workspace?CandleNet Portal displays information in workspaces. A workspace is the working area of the CandleNet Portal application window and is made up of one or more views. A view is a pane in the workspace, typically a chart or table showing data collected from a Candle monitoring agent, such as the process detail running on the UNIX operating system.

A workspace may be linked to other workspaces. A link may be context-sensitive, whereby you right-click a row in a table or a data series in a chart to link to more detailed information about one of the attributes in the row or data series.

As you select items in the Navigator, the workspace presents views pertinent to your selection. Every workspace has at least one view, and every workspace has a set of properties associated with it. You can customize the workspace by working in the Properties editor to change the style and content of each view. Another way to customize the workspace is to change the type of view or to add views to the workspace.

Predefined workspacesOMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support is shipped with predefined workspaces that you can use as shipped or modify by using the Properties editor. Predefined workspaces make it easy for you to quickly start using OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support effectively to monitor your environment.

Workspaces, views, and attributesEach table view corresponds to an attribute group and each column of the table corresponds to an individual attribute from the group. Each workspace displays real-time information for many of the attributes. The information is available to you whether or not you are monitoring situations. For more information about attributes, see “Attributes” on page 35.

Getting Started 35

Attributes

Attributes

What are attributes?OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support gathers data on the managed systems of your network and stores the data as system elements called attributes. You can use these attributes to

� build situations to monitor the performance of the managed systems you are concerned with

� create queries and use the resulting data to build custom views

Related attributes are grouped into attribute groups, or attribute tables. A given table view contains information provided by a single attribute group.

Using attributesTo use attributes effectively, you must first understand their structure.

� An attribute group associates attributes that refer to some unique characteristic of the data being stored.

� An attribute item stores data for a single property of an attribute group.

� The name of each attribute is composed of the attribute’s group name, then a period, then the name of the attribute item.

For example, in the attribute

DIRECTORY_SERVICES.DS_Other_Reads

DS_Other_Reads is an attribute item that stores a value representing the percentage of directory reads that do not come from SAM, DRA, LDAP, LSA, XDS, KCC or NSPI. Attribute item DS_Other_Reads is a member of the DIRECTORY_SERVICES group.

Attributes


Using attributes in situationsYou use attributes to create situations that monitor the state of your operating system, database, or application. A situation describes a condition you want to test. When you start a situation, CandleNet Portal compares the values you have assigned for the situation’s attributes with the values collected by OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support and registers an event if the condition is met. You are alerted to events by indicator icons that appear in the Navigator.

Using attributes in queriesChart and table views use queries to specify which attribute values to request from a Candle monitoring agent. You can use the Query editor to create a new query, modify an existing one, or apply filters and set styles to define the content and appearance of a view based on an existing query.

For more information on attributesFor complete descriptions of the attributes for OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support, refer to the OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support online Help.

Getting Started 37

Situations

Situations

What is a situation?A situation is a logical expression involving one or more system conditions. Situations are used to monitor the condition of systems in your network. You can manage situations from CandleNet Portal by using the Situation editor.

What is a predefined situation?OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support is shipped with a set of predefined situations that you can use as-is or modify to meet your requirements.

Predefined situations are precoded to check for system conditions common to many enterprises. Using predefined situations can improve the speed with which you can begin using OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support. You can examine and, if necessary, change the conditions or values being monitored by a predefined situation to those best suited to your enterprise.

Note: Candle suggests that if you choose to modify a predefined situation, you first use CandleNet Portal’s Create another situation function to make a copy of the original situation. This ensures that you can fall back if necessary.

Using situations You manage situations from CandleNet Portal using the Situation editor. Using the Situation editor, you can

� create, edit, or delete a situation

� create another situation identical to the first

� display a situation

� associate a situation with the current Navigator item

� start and stop a situation

� open the event workspace for a situation to investigate the condition that caused the event

Situations


For detailed information about situations and about using the Situation editor, see Using OMEGAMON Products: CandleNet Portal or the online Help provided with CandleNet Portal.

OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support predefined situations

A list of the predefined situations provided with OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support, together with the situations’ descriptions and formulas, can be found in the online Help distributed with OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support.

Getting Started 39

Take Action Commands

Take Action Commands

Take Action featureThe Take Action feature lets you issue a command to any system in your network where one or more Candle monitoring agents are installed. You can implement commands from a workspace, from a situation, in an ad hoc mode, or by recalling a saved command.

For more information on Take Action commandsFor detailed information about creating and using Take Action commands, see Using OMEGAMON Products: CandleNet Portal or the online Help provided with CandleNet Portal.

Investigating an Event



Event indicator and event workspaceWhen the conditions of a situation have been met, the situation evaluates True, causing an event indicator to appear in the Navigator. You can investigate the cause of an event by opening its workspace.

The event workspace shows two table views, one with the values of the attributes when the situation evaluated True, and the other with the attributes’ current values.

The event workspace can also display a view with any expert advice written by the situation's author. The advice will display as Web text and any links you have defined will be active, or, if the expert advice consisted only of a link to a specific Web page of advice, that Web page is displayed. The take action view also displays in the event workspace so you can send a command to the application started on that system.

The Navigator displays raised event indicators: red indicators for critical conditions and yellow indicators for warnings. If both a warning and a critical condition occur for the same workspace, the indicator always shows the highest level alert. When you see an alert icon overlaying a Navigator icon, open the Event workspace and drill down to investigate the cause of the alert. Looking at this workspace, you can determine the situation that raised the event and the attributes whose values are contributing to the alert. You can also review available advice and take appropriate actions.

Getting Started 41


AcknowledgmentWhen you see an event indicator in the Navigator, you can create an acknowledgment. An acknowledgment notifies other users that you have taken ownership of the problem related to the event and are working on it. When you acknowledge an event, a blue checkmark appears next to the situation in the event flyover list and, if you opened the event workspace, over the situation item in the Navigator. If the situation is still true when the acknowledgment expires, the indicator changes accordingly. You can also cancel the acknowledgment before it has expired. This changes the indicator so that users can see that the acknowledgment has been removed even though the situation remains true.

For more informationFor instructions on navigating through a monitoring agent’s workspaces, see Using OMEGAMON Products: CandleNet Portal. Subsequent chapters of this manual will provide you with information specific to the use of OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support.



Workspaces 43

Workspaces

IntroductionThis chapter briefly describes the workspaces shipped with the product.

Chapter contentsIntroducing the Workspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Address Book Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Directory System Agent Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Exchange Directory Service Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Kerberos Key Distribution Center Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Knowledge Consistency Checker Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Local Security Authority Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Name Service Provider Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Replication Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Security Accounts Manager Workspace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

2

Introducing the Workspaces


Introducing the Workspaces

OverviewIn the unit “Workspaces” on page 34, you learned about using CandleNet Portal to work with the workspace provided by OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support. This chapter describes each of the predefined workspaces and explains how you might use them to monitor your Active Directory application.

Accessing a workspaceOMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support provides workspaces featuring a variety of table views. You can access a workspace in several ways:

� By selecting its name from the list provided in the CandleNet Portal Navigator

� By right-clicking an item in the Navigator and selecting a workspace from the pop-up menu that is displayed

� By right-clicking in a column of a table view and selecting a workspace from the pop-up menu that is displayed

Workspaces 45

Address Book Workspace

Address Book Workspace

IntroductionThe section below describes various components of this workspace. For a description of the attributes used as column headings in the workspace’s table view(s), review the attribute group definitions for this workspace in the OMEGAMON XE for Windows Servers with Active Directory Support online Help. Based on the information that this workspace provides, you can recommend changes, set up situations, and verify that your recommended changes improve performance.

DescriptionThe Address Book workspace displays addressing information from all of the address book providers in the profile. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Address Book bar chart

� Address Book Details table view

Directory System Agent Workspace


Directory System Agent Workspace


DescriptionThe Directory System Agent workspace displays provides access to the physical storage data for Active Directory. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Directory System Agent bar chart

� Directory System Agent Details table view

Workspaces 47

Exchange Directory Service Workspace

Exchange Directory Service Workspace


DescriptionThe Exchange Directory Service workspace provides a unified, structured view of all users and resources within the Microsoft Exchange Server environment. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Exchange Directory Service bar chart

� Exchange Directory Service Details table view

Kerberos Key Distribution Center Workspace


Kerberos Key Distribution Center Workspace


DescriptionThe Kerberos Key Distribution Center workspace monitors session tickets and temporary session keys used in the Kerberos V5 authentication protocol. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Kerberos Key Distribution Center bar chart

� Kerberos Key Distribution Center table view

Workspaces 49

Knowledge Consistency Checker Workspace

Knowledge Consistency Checker Workspace


DescriptionThe Knowledge Consistency Checker workspace displays data associated with generating the replication topology between domain controllers. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Knowledge Consistency Checker bar chart

� Knowledge Consistency Checker table view

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Workspace


Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Workspace


DescriptionThe Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) workspace monitors the LDAP service that provides access to data and objects in a directory or network environment. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� LDAP bar chart

� LDAP table view

Workspaces 51

Local Security Authority Workspace

Local Security Authority Workspace


DescriptionThe Local Security Authority workspace monitors built-in logon authentication and user authorization for the local system. This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Local Security Authority bar chart

� Local Security Authority table view

Name Service Provider Workspace


Name Service Provider Workspace


DescriptionThe Name Service Provider workspace monitors communication between the Active Directory and Exchange Directory Service (XDS). This workspace is comprised of two views:

� Name Service Provider bar chart

� Name Service Provider table view

Workspaces 53

Replication Workspace

Replication Workspace


DescriptionThe Replication workspace monitors synchronization of Active Directory partition replicas between domain controllers. This workspace is comprised of five views:

� Replication bar chart

� Replication Bytes Traffic bar chart

� Replication Inbound table view

� Replication Outbound Details table view

� USN Details table view

Security Accounts Manager Workspace


Security Accounts Manager Workspace


DescriptionThe Security Accounts Manager workspace monitors the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), which maintains user account information, including groups to which a user belongs. This workspace is comprised of ? views:

� Security Accounts Manager bar chart

� Security Accounts Manager table view

Tips 55

Tips

IntroductionThis chapter contains a chart of troubleshooting tips.

Chapter contentsTroubleshooting Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

3

Troubleshooting Tips



Overview If a situation you created is not firing as expected, check the following possible problems. Then follow the instructions for correcting each problem.

Troubleshooting Chart The table describes potential problems and offers potential solutions.

Table 2. Troubleshooting Chart

Problem Solution

The monitoring interval is too long.

Check the Interval settings sheet for the situation.

The predicate function is incorrect.

Check the Expression settings sheet for the predicate.

The AND condition is not satisfied.

Check the predicate logic.

You did not specify the predicate value properly.

Build a sure fire situation to test.

The situation did not activate at startup.

Restart the situation. Verify the Activate at Startup option for the situation.

You do not have access to view a situation.

Check authorized operational areas for your user object and also, your managed systems.

You did not distribute the situation to a managed system.

Check the Distribution settings sheet for the situation.

The managed systems are not online.

Check the managed system status via the Managed Systems container.

The situation is not assigned to a state in the template.

Check the situation assignments in the template of the associated managed object.

You assigned the situation to an incorrect state in the template.

Check the State settings sheet for the template.

Tips 57


The icon is incorrect. Check the icon assignments in the template.

The agents are not running. For Windows, log onto the applicable system and perform the appropriate queries. For MVS, make sure all started tasks are active.

The Candle Management Server is not running.

Check the TLVLOG.

The situation has not fired even though the predicate has been properly specified.

Check the logs and reports/workspaces.

A managed object has not been defined.

Make sure that a managed object has been created for the managed system being monitored. If a managed object is not present, create one.

The managed object shows the correct state, but the situation is not true. An incorrect attribute name is specified.

Check the predicate Expressions settings sheet to verify the attribute name.

The managed objects you created are firing on incorrect managed systems.

Check the managed system distribution on both the situation and the managed object settings sheets.

You distributed the managed objects to the wrong managed system.

Compare the situation distribution with the managed object distribution.

Table 2. Troubleshooting Chart (continued)

Problem Solution



Index 59

Index

Aaccess a workspace 44Address Book workspace 45Adobe portable document format 9agents 22attributes

definition 35groups 35items 35structure 35

automation 30

Bbrowser mode 23business view 28

CCandle Management Server 21Candle Web site 13CandleNet Portal

browser mode 23definition 23desktop mode 23server 21

commandsTake Action 39

Ddesktop mode 23Directory System Agent workspace 46documentation set 6

Eemail to Candle 8Event Console view 29events 40

console 29definition 36indicator 40workspaces 40

Exchange Directory Service workspace 47

Hhistorical data collection 18

KKerberos Key Distribution Center

workspace 48Knowledge Consistency Checker

workspace 49

LLightweight Directory Access Protocol

workspace 50Local Security Authority workspace 51

Mmodes

browser 23desktop 23

monitoring agents 22

NName Service Provider workspace 52Navigator

business view 28physical view 28, 32

OOMEGAMON DE

definition 22Event Console view 29


OMEGAMON XEcomponents 21definition 21

PPDF files, adding annotations 10physical view 28, 32Policy Management 30predefined situations 37printing problems 9Properties editor 34

Qqueries 26, 36

RReplication workspace 53

SSecurity Accounts Manager workspace 54Situation editor 37situations

definition 37predefined 37

TTake Action feature 39thin client 23

UUniversal Agent 29

Vviews

business 28chart 25definition 34Event Console 29physical 28, 32table 25

WWeb site, Candle 13Workflow editor 30workspace

accessing 44adding to favorites 23Address Book 45definition 34Directory System Agent 46event 40Exchange Directory Service 47introduction 44Kerberos Key Distribution Center 48Knowledge Consistency Checker 49Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 50Local Security Authority 51Name Service Provider 52Replication 53Security Accounts Manager 54

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