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the Open Annotation Collaboration phase I:
towards a shared, interoperable data model for scholarly annotation
Tim Cole ([email protected])Myung-Ja Han ([email protected])
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Chicago Colloquium on Digital Humanities and Computer Science
21 November 2010Evanston, IL
/
CIRSCIRSSS
Center for Informatics Research in Science and ScholarshipGraduate School of Library and Information ScienceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
http://www.OpenAnnotation.org
OAC goals & objectives
• Facilitate emergence of a Web and Resource-centric interoperable annotation environment that allows leveraging of annotations across boundaries of clients, services, and content repositories.
• Seed widespread adoption & infrastructure development by deploying applications conformant with the OAC interoperable annotation environment across ubiquitous and specialized services, tools, and content used by scholars
• Demonstrate benefits of interoperable annotation environment in settings characterized by a variety of annotation client/server environments, content collections, and scholarly use cases.
21 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/2
some motivating questions
• Can we describe a broadly useful model of annotation not tied to repository design or type of content being annotated?
• Using this model, can we enable new opportunities for digitally-based scholarship built around annotation & annotation interoperability?
• What are the defining scholarly use cases and can we embed our model in existing applications to demonstrate benefits for these use cases?
• Are there additional benefits to be had by treating annotations as first-class Web Resources?
3321 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
OAC project phase 1
• Tasks:– Create OAC data model and a guide for its use– Integrate (MITH) AXE Libraries into Zotero– Initial analysis of scholarly annotation practices– Develop initial use cases to gauge potential of data model
• Timeline:– 18 months: June 2009 through December 2010
Funding for OAC Phase I provided bythe Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Scholarly Communications & Information Technology program
421 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
OAC phase I project team
• Herbert Van de Sompel (PI), Rob Sanderson -- Research Library, Los Alamos National Laboratory
• Timothy Cole (PI), Thomas Habing, Carole Palmer, Allen Renear -- University Library & GSLIS-CIRSS, U of Illinois at UC
• Neil Fraistat (PI), Douglas Reside -- MITH, U of Maryland
• Jane Hunter (PI), Anna Gerber, Stephen Crawley, Ron Chernich -- eResearch Lab, School of ITEE, U of Queensland
• Daniel Cohen (PI) -- CHNM, George Mason University
• John Burns -- JSTOR
521 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
OAC Advisory Board• Maristella Agosti
Professor of Computer Science, Department of Information Engineering University of Padua
• Geoffrey Bilder Director of Strategic Initiatives CrossRef
• John Bradley Senior Analyst for Humanities Computing, Centre for Computing in the Humanites King's College London
• Gregory Crane Professor of Classics Tufts University
• Paul Eggert Australian Research Council Professorial Fellow Australian Scholarly Editions Centre
• Julia Flanders Director, Women Writers Project Brown University
• Cliff Lynch (Chair) Executive Director Coalition for Networked Information
• Cathy Marshall Senior Researcher Microsoft Research
• Martin Mueller Professor of English & Classics Northwestern University
• Geoffrey Rockwell Professor of Philosophy and Humanities Computing University of Alberta
• David Ruddy Director, E-Publishing Technologies Cornell University Library
• Joyce Rudinsky Associate Professor, Communication Studies University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• Mackenzie Smith Associate Director for Technology MIT Libraries
• Amanda Ward Head of Platform Technologies Nature Publishing Group
• John Wilbanks Vice President Science Commons
621 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
some guiding principles for our work
• OAC is focused on interoperability across clients, tools & collections; not on prescribing client interfaces or internal architecture
• Consistent with prior work, we model an annotation as a resource linking an annotation body (content) to an annotation target
• Contrary to some prior work, annotation & annotation body are separable resources with separate identities on the Web
721 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
guiding principles – page 2
• Contrary to some prior work, annotation body (content) is not limited exclusively to text types and formats
• OAC data model must accommodate annotations involving multiple body and/or multiple target resources and specific segments, representations and/or versions of resources in these roles
• OAC data model defines classes, entities, properties & relationships that facilitate interoperability, but whichare also extensible
821 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
basic, unadorned OAC data model
921 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL
Where:
A-1 is an oac:Annotation, a document identified by an HTTP URI that describes, at least, the Body and Target resources involved in the annotation.
B-1 is an oac:Body, the body of the annotation. The Body is somehow about the Target resource. It is the information which is annotating the Target.
T-1 is an oac:Target, the resource that is being annotated.
http://www.openannotation.org/spec
Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
more complex illustrations (1)
10
additional annotation metadata
a constrained target
annotation body is a separately identified resource embedded within the annotation document
more complex illustrations (2)
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an svg-constrained target
multiple X-Pointer text targets; xhtml annotation body
a concrete example in RDFa
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a concrete example in RDFa
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a concrete example in RDFa
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a concrete example in RDFa
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a concrete example in RDFa
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1721 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL
output of RDFa distiller
Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/
graph for the RDFa
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image as annotation body
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image as annotation body
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From:
Quarles, Francis, 1592-1644
Francis Quarles' Emblems and Hieroglyphics of the life of man, modernized: in four books (1773)
London: Printed for J. Cooke, at Shakespear’s Head, in Pater-Noster-Row
image as annotation body
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an emblem pictura reused on a gravestone
annotation of annotations
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annotation of annotations
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annotation of annotations
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Herzog August Bibliothek
New multi-target Annotation: These examples show the divergent ways that Renaissance authors and engravers could make use of closely related depictions of everyday objects.
annotation of annotations
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ontological annotation & annotation in context
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ontological annotation & annotation in context
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annotation of image in context
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Iconclass terms assigned to this pictura:
31A25111 arms raised, with fingers closed
31A22210 heart symbolism + 41B121 burning as a process -- flame
57A8(+4) Gratitude; 'Gratitudine', 'Memoria grata de beneficii ricevuti' (Ripa) (+ emblematical representation of concept)
OAC phase II
will focus on deployment – i.e., to test & refine OAC data modelwill engage new collaborators in demonstration-experiments
Stanford Universitytranscriptions & other annotations of digitized medieval mss.
AustLitannotations to facilitate creation of collaborative scholarly editions
Alexander Street Pressannotations of segmented targets in streaming media on the Web
Herzog August Bibliothek & U. of Illinoisannotation of digitized emblematica
4 other demonstration-experiments to be selected via RFP in May 2011
demonstrate value & utility of OAC approachseed development of infrastructure for & use of shared annotations
Using OAC workshop
an in-depth introduction to use of the OAC data model & ontologyMarch 24 & 25, 2011 at the Illini Center in downtown Chicago
participants will provide use cases & will examine how well and to what extent OAC data model supports these use cases
goal: to enable attendees to apply the data model in practice
Important Dates (tentative)01 Dec. 2010: call for workshop participation is posted 17 Jan. 2011: Preliminary statements of interest & use case briefs due10 Feb. 2011: Invitations issued, including 15 with commitments to reimburse for lodging (2 nights) and for airfare (up to $900 US)01 Mar. 2011: Final use case briefs due & posted to Workshop Website
Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/3021 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL
sample use cases (from OAC wiki)
• Citation of Non Print Media• Commentary on Remote Resources• Shared Annotations Across Interfaces• Harvesting, Aggregating, Ranking and Presenting Annotations• Annotating Relationships Between Multiple Mixed-Media Resources• Annotations which Capture Netchaining Practices• Annotations with Compound Targets
Contact info:[email protected]@[email protected]
Open Annotation Collaboration http://www.OpenAnnotation.org/3121 Nov 2010 – CCDHCS, Evanston, IL