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• Complications of Dental Extractions
• Compromises of the Airway• Oral Bleeding• Orofacial Injuries• Odontogenic Infections• Osteonecrosis• Orafacial Pain
Perils of Treatment - Diseases of the Teeth /Mouth
Complications of Dental Extractions
• Bleeding• Swelling • Jaw Stiffness (Trismus)
• Pain / Dry Socket (Alveolar Osteitis)
• Infection• Sensory Nerve Disturbance • Oral antral communication (fistula)
• Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
dysfunction• Jaw fracture
Dental treatment is frequently performed on an
urgent / emergency basis as a result of an active dental infection or
injury producing pain and/or swelling
Bleeding following tooth extraction
Rate of post operative bleeding ( 7% to 10% 3rd molars)
Usually associate with difficult extraction long surgical procedures
Usual bleeding sources 7 % arterial 72 % soft tissue
Bleeding – Complication of tooth extraction
Pressure placed directly over the bleeding site
typically stops bleeding
Jaw pain following tooth
extraction1st 24 hours
usually associated with surgery
24 to 36 hours post op
Constant dull throbbing spontaneous pain may be
associated with
DRY SOCKET
TREATMENT:
1. Gently irrigate (saline)
2. Place sedative dressing
Dry Socket
(1 – 30% for 3rd molars)
Post Op Infections(0.06 – 4.3% for 3rd molars)
Many extractions are performed on and
urgent basis due to pain from an infected
tooth
Infections may spread to adjacent tissue spaces
• Sinus and orbital cavities• Inter muscular spaces of the jaw• Floor of the mouth• Parapharyngeal spaces
Altered Nerve Function (0.02 – 7.1% for 3rd molars)
The most frequent nerve injury
Lingual and Inferior Alveolar / Mental Nerves
Mental nerve
Lingual nerve
Inferior Alveolar nerve
Lingual nerve
Fracture of the jaw associated with dental extractions (< 0.01% for 3rd Molars)
Subject to Spontaneous Fracture
• Complications of Dental Extractions
• Compromises of the Airway• Oral Bleeding• Orofacial Injuries• Odontogenic Infections• Osteonecrosis• Orafacial Pain
Perils of Treatment - Diseases of the Teeth /Mouth
Aspiration
• Teeth & fragments
• Dental appliances
• Dental instruments
Aspirated
Tooth
Ingested
Tooth
Barriers (rubber dam) frequently used to prevent swallowing / aspiration
Airway compromiseDue to bleeding
Post op chin / floor of mouth surgery
Post extraction in patient with Bleeding Diatheses
Airway comprom
isedue to
Injury Flail Mandible Fracture
Unopposed pull ofsupra hyoid muscles in an inferior & posterior
direction
• Complications of Dental Extractions• Compromises of the Airway
• Oral Bleeding• Orofacial Injuries• Odontogenic Infections• Osteonecrosis• Orafacial Pain
Perils of Treatment - Diseases of the Teeth /Mouth
Bleeding Gums• Periodontal Disesae• Hormonal Changes (pregnancy gingivitis)• Anticoagulant Therapy• Bleeding Diatheses
Midline tongue piercing relatively blood-free especially when good compression
hemostasis is used (tongs)
• Complications of Dental Extractions• Compromises of the Airway• Oral Bleeding
• Orofacial Injuries• Odontogenic Infections• Osteonecrosis• Orafacial Pain
Perils of Treatment - Diseases of the Teeth /Mouth