Order of events – Qtr 3

Order of events – Qtr 3

Evolution & ClassificationIntro to Evolution Quiz – Thurs, 1/31 & Fri, 2/1

Pick up:Analyzing Adaptations Comparing Limb Structure & Function

Agenda: 1. Finish Organizing Life2. Begin Analyzing Adaptations & Comparing Limb

Structure/Function activities

Week #4 (1/28 – 2/1)Warm Up – Mon, 1/28:- None

Homework:1. Genetics (Pg. 21)

& Evolution Unit (Pg. 33) Title Pages

2. Tape Roadmap for Success to front of Sci. Ntbk!!!

3. Intro to Evolution Quiz – Tues, 2/5

Biology Fun Fact: While other primates are furry, human skin is exposed to the elements. It’s not that we’re ‘naked’ – our hair is just really short over much of our bodies. In the warm places where our ancestors lived, evaporation of sweat from skin was a great benefit in cooling our bodies. Our brain runs so ‘hot’ that sweating & cooling proved vital for evolving our big brain.

Unit Learning Goal: Students will understand the scientific principles & processes involved in biological evolution.

Unity Week Schedule

Today, Mon, 1/28 – Per. 1- 6Tomorrow, Tues, 1/29 – Per. 1, 3, 5Wed, 1/30 – Per. 2, 4, 6 (Unity Assembly during Per. 2)

Thurs, 1/31 – Per. 2, 4, 6Fri, 2/1 – Per. 1, 3, 5

Scientist Hypothesis Description of Experiment

Results Conclusion

Redi

Needham

Spallazani

Pasteur

Maggots developed from

eggs of flies

4 jars with meat: 2 covered with cheese cloth & 2

open

The uncovered jars had

maggots & the covered ones

didn’t

Spontaneous generation does

not occur.

Microorganisms were produced spontaneously

Boiled chicken broth; put in

flask & sealed it.

Microorganisms grew

Spontaneous generation does

not occur.

Microorganisms are produced by

other microorgansisms

Boiled chicken broth in flask & curved neck into

sideways “S” shape.

No microorganisms

grew

Spontaneous generation does not occur.

Spontaneous generation occurs

in microorganisms.

Microorganisms are produced by

other microorgansisms

Sealed flask of chicken broth took out air & boiled it

No microorganisms

grew

Pg. 36 – “Spontaneous Generation Experiments”

Summary of Conclusions: ????

Per. 6 start, Mon

SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous generation disproved

The New hypothesis: Biogenesis: all living things

come from other living things

Pg. 36 – “Spontaneous Generation Experiments”

Per. 3 start, Mon

Pg. 35 – “Evolution & Origin of Life notes”

Organizing LifeSPECIES:

a group of organisms that can breed & produce fertile offspring

QUESTION: Can 2

different species mate &

produce an offspring?


THIS IS A LIGERTHIS IS A

MULE

Offspring of a male donkey & female horseOffspring of a male lion & female tiger

The Liger… Male lion & female tiger

Like most hybrids they are sterile

However, an occasional female has been found which can reproduce. No fertile males have been found.

POPULATION:a group of organisms of the same species who live

in the same area at the same time.


Organizing LifePer. 2 start

ADAPTATION: any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of surviving in a particular environment

FITNESS: an organism’s ability to survive & reproduce in an environment


Life’s Adjustments

Analyzing Adaptations: Living of Land & Comparing Limb Structure & Function observational labs

DISCLAIMER!!!!You are NOT writing a Lab Report on this lab…

BUT…I will be collecting 1 group member’s handout (with all names on it) for each lab for 2 LAB GRADES!!!

What does this tell you???

Pg. 64 – “Analyzing Adaptations: Living of Land”Pg. 65 – “Comparing Limb Structure & Function”

Analyzing Adaptations: Living of Land:In your groups, you will travel between 4 stations to observe 8 different species.

Discuss & identify on your wkst:• What kind of habitat (aquatic or terrestrial) each live in,• Observable structural features of each organism &• How those features are adaptations for life on land.

Study & analyze each of your 8 species & their adaptations.

Discuss & answer (in COMPLETE, THOUGHTFUL, THOROUGH SENTENCES) each of the Analysis & Conclusion Questions.



Comparing Limb Structure & Function:In your groups, discuss the similarities & differences between the limbs of the different organisms.

Identify on your wkst:• The approximate number of bones in the upper & lower

limbs & record in the data table• The function of the limbs of each organism.

Study & analyze the data collected about each of your 8 species.


Pg. 64 – “Analyzing Adaptations: Living of Land”Pg. 65 – “Comparing Limb Structure & Function”Analyzing Adaptations: Living of Land &

Comparing Limb Structure & Function observational labs

Pick up:Video questionnaire

Agenda:1. “What Darwin Never Knew” video &

questionnaire (~2 hrs)

Week #4 (1/28 – 2/1)Warm Up – Tues, 1/29 & Wed, 1/30:- None

Homework:1.Genetics (Pg. 21) & Evolution Unit (Pg. 33) Title Pages 2.Tape Roadmap for Success to front of Sci. Ntbk!!!3.Intro to Evolution Quiz – Tues, 2/5 (MOVED)4.Evolution Creative project – Fri, 2/8

Biology Fun Fact:The platypus is a creature with amazing features which are seen in diverse species: mammals (mammary glands, 3 ear bones, tail & fur), reptiles (egg laying, poison & spurs for defense), birds (bill, webbed feet) & fish (electro receptor in bill which allows to catch prey under water with eyes closed, has large vocal range). The platypus is designed for feeding & swimming in water, but lives on land in burrows it digs with its claws & can feed on insects & other land creatures.


Unity Week ScheduleToday, Tues, 1/29 – Per. 1, 3 5Wed, 1/30 – Per. 2, 4, 6 (Unity Assembly during Per. 2)

Tomorrow, Thurs, 1/31 – Per. 2, 4, 6Fri, 2/1 – Per. 1, 3, 5

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=NOHzY1fuOz4

- video link (~2 hrs)

As you watch the video, listen & look for answers to the video questions. This will be collected at the end of the period for credit.



Pick up:Examples of Evolution (Pg. 39)

Agenda: 1. Finish & discuss Analyzing Adaptations &

Comparing Limb Structure/Function activities2. Finish “What Darwin Never Knew” video &

collect questionnaire3. Discuss Evolution Creative project

Week #4 (1/28 – 2/1)Warm Up – Thurs, 1/31 & Fri, 2/1:- AIMS Warm-up: Examples of Evolution (Pg. 39)

Homework:1. Genetics (Pg. 21) &

Evolution Unit (Pg. 33) Title Pages

2. Tape/glue Roadmap for Success to front of Sci. Ntbk!!!

3. Intro to Evolution Quiz – Tues, 2/5 (MOVED)

4. Evolution Creative project – Fri, 2/8

Biology Fun Fact:Panspermia is the idea that microorganisms, spores or bacteria attached to tiny particles of matter have traveled through space, landing on a suitable planet & initiating the rise of life there. Lord Kelvin first suggested this scientific hypothesis in the mid 1800s.


Unity Week Schedule

Today, Thurs, 1/31 – Per. 2, 4, 6Fri, 2/1 – Per. 1, 3, 5

What Darwin Never Knew - video link (~2 hrs)

As you watch the video, listen & look for answers to the video questions. This will be collected at the end of the period for credit.



DISCLAIMER!!!!You are NOT writing a Lab Report on this lab…

BUT…I will be collecting 1 group member’s handout (with all names on it) for each lab for 2 LAB GRADES!!!

What does this tell you???


Analyzing Adaptations: Living of Land:In your groups, you will travel between 4 stations to observe 8 different species.

Discuss & identify on your wkst:• What kind of habitat (aquatic or terrestrial) each live in,• Observable structural features of each organism &• How those features are adaptations for life on land.

Study & analyze each of your 8 species & their adaptations.




Comparing Limb Structure & Function:In your groups, discuss the similarities & differences between the limbs of the different organisms.

Identify on your wkst:• The approximate number of bones in the upper & lower

limbs & record in the data table• The function of the limbs of each organism.

Study & analyze the data collected about each of your 8 species.




Let’s discuss…Analyzing Adaptations: Living of LandComparing Limb Structure & Function



Since our Fun Fact last time was about human hair, the group members with the most/longest hair in your group will be turning in YOUR GROUP’S WKSTS for 2 Lab Grades!

Make sure ALL MEMBER’S NAMES are on 1 wkst for each lab & turn in to the Hmwk Bin!



EVOLUTION CREATIVE PROJECT

Taking the place of 1 Quiz grade will be a “creative assignment”. Here are your 2 options:

Choose 1 of the following options to complete:

Amazing, Adorable Adaptations

OR

Darwin vs. Lamarck Comic Strip

Homework (takes place of Quiz grade): due Fri, 2/8OPTION 1: Amazing, Adorable Adaptations Create an environment & organism (that don’t

already exist)1. Draw & name the environment on the front side of your paper (use at least 4 colors & your imagination)

2. On the back side of your paper, describe the environment (temperature, plant life, atmosphere, soil type, etc)

3. On the front side, now create & name an organism that lives in your environment

Draw your organism inside your environmentOn the back side of your paper, list the following:

2 Structural Adaptations 2 Behavioral Adaptations 2 Physiological Adaptations

Explain in detail how these 6 adaptations have increased the fitness of your organism.

“Land of Oogley-Boogley”

Ciliasquibble

This environment is very…(describe the temperature, plant life, atmosphere, soil type, etc.)

Ciliasquibble has the following adaptations:2 Structural Adaptations –

Long hair...so that it can…protect itself from the sun’s damaging radiation.

???...so that it can…???2 Behavioral Adaptations

???...so that it can…??????...so that it can…???

2 Physiological Adaptations???...so that it can…??????...so that it can…???

“Land of Oogley-Boogley”

OPTION 2: Darwin vs. Lamarck cartoon

Pick an animal (that’s real).

Create a comic strip of the following:

1. Show how your animal may have evolved by way of Lamarck’s theory of acquired traits.

2. Show how this same animal may have evolved by way of Darwin’s theory of natural selection.

- Comic strips need to include:

- pictures,

- conversation bubbles &/or captions with content in them &

- color, creativity & originality.Choose 1 of the Options to complete! 30 pts (Quiz grade)

TYPES OF ADAPTATIONS• Structural• Physiological• Behavioral

Let’s look at each type as we consider 2 species: the tundra & icecap-dwelling arctic fox & the desert dwelling fennec fox.


arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) fennec fox (Vulpes zerda)

Structural Adaptation: physical appearance of an organism

EX: Big ears & small ears of foxes.

• Large ears allow heat to escape easily from the blood vessels near the

surface – cooler blood keeps fennec fox from overheating

• Small ears prevent arctic fox from losing heat


QUESTION:

An arctic fox can weigh as much as 8kg. A fennec fox weighs at most 1.5kg.

Make a claim for how this difference in mass is a structural adaptation to the

foxes’ respective environments.

ANSWER:

The large size of the arctic fox allows it to retain more heat than the smaller fennec

fox.

Physiological Adaptation: related to biochemical

processes at work within an organism’s body

Compare the processing of food & water:Arctic fox: food is scarce in winter; effective at storing food energy as fat.Fennec fox: little free water available; adapted to get all moisture it needs from fruits, roots, & leaves.


Behavioral Adaptation: innate (inherited) actions that individuals of a species do

Arctic fox:

Can be active any time of the day; ready to find food whenever available.

Fennec fox:

Is nocturnal; sleeps during the day & hunts at night


QUESTION:

A fennec fox raised in captivity away from other fennecs will try to dig a burrow in

its cage. Explain why burrow-digging is an innate behavior, not a learned

behavior.ANSWER:

The behavior is instinctive because the fennec fox did not have to be taught the

behavior by another fennec fox.

Adaptations Work Together

Adaptations work together to produce a specific fit for surviving in a particular environment.

Example of fennec fox: The big ears (structural) cool fox & gives acute hearing which helps when fox hunts at night (behavioral) & the fox has special retina (physiological) that gives the fox night vision.


Let’s connect…Where did you see Structural, Behavioral or Physiological adaptations in the organisms you studied?



Pick up:Theory Comparison wkstProcess of Natural Selection wkst

Agenda: 1. Types of Adaptations notes2. Natural Selection & Theory Comparison

notes

Week #4 (1/28 – 2/1)Warm Up – Fri, 2/1:- Process of Natural Selection wkst (Pg. 43)

Homework:1. Genetics (Pg. 21) &

Evolution Unit (Pg. 33) Title Pages

2. Tape/glue Roadmap for Success to Sci. Ntbk!!!

3. Intro to Evolution Quiz – Tues, 2/5 (MOVED)

4. Theory Comparison wkst – Wed, 2/6 & Thurs, 2/7

5. Evolution Creative project – Fri, 2/8

Biology Fun Fact:The Red Queen hypothesis (law of constant extinction) suggests that an evolutionary advance by one species represents a deterioration of the environment for all remaining species. The other have to “keep up with the times or they will die off!


Unity Week Schedule

Today, Fri, 2/1 – Per. 1, 3, 5

When looking at several adaptations over time, a species

is seen to

EVOLVE!!!!!!!!!!


EVOLUTIONGenetic change in a species over time

How does this happen?The following scientists came up with possible hypotheses:

• Jean Baptiste de Lamarck• Charles Darwin • Alfred Russell Wallace


Jean Baptiste de Lamarck1744-1829First to hypothesize about species modification

His hypothesis was that evolution occurred by inheritance of “acquired traits”

Not determined by genes

Individuals acquire characteristics during their lifetime & pass them on to their offspring

Example: giraffes acquire long necks by stretching them to reach leaves


Lamarck’s Hypothesis

Darwin agreed with Lamarck about species modification but disagreed with how it occurred.

Hypothesis: selection acts on a variation already present

Darwin believed giraffes had various sizes of necks & the environment selected the characteristic that was best suited (beneficial) Giraffes with longer necks were the ones that

survived & passed on their genes Variation (neck size) happens through

random mutation, not created by experience

CHARLES DARWIN 1809-1882


Darwin’s hypothesis became known as: Evolution by Natural

Selection


HOW DID DARWIN COME UP WITH HIS

HYPOTHESIS???

Darwin’s Voyage (1831) on the HMS Beagle

5-yr voyage around the world

Galapagos Islands


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Order of events – Qtr 3

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