Research Institute of Organic Agriculture [email protected], www.fibl.org
Organic Agriculture Worldwide: Key results from the FiBL survey on organic agriculture worldwide 2019
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FIBL), Frick, Switzerland
Julia Lernoud and Helga Willer
Part 2: Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2017
© FiBL 2019
www.fibl.org
Organic Agriculture Worldwide: Key results from the FiBLsurvey on organic agriculture worldwide 2019Part 2: Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2017
• Data compiled by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, based on national data sources and data from certifiers.
• Data as published February 2019 in FiBL & IFOAM – Organics International (2019): The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019. Frick and Bonn
• For updates check www.organic-world.net
• This presentation is available online at: http://www.organic-world.net/yearbook/yearbook2019/slide-presentations.html
• Texts and graphs: Helga Willer and Julia Lernoud, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
• Contact: Helga Willer, [email protected], and Julia Lernoud, [email protected], Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
© Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland, February, 2019
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• The Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs SECO, Berne
• International Trade Centre ITC
• Sustainability Fund of Coop Switzerland
• Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the BioFach World Organic Trade Fair
• IFOAM – Organics International
• 200 experts from all parts of the world contributed to the FiBL survey 2019* See also disclaimer on last page of this slide show
Acknowledgements*
www.fibl.org
The World of Organic Agriculture 2019
The 20th edition of “The World of Organic Agriculture”, was published by FiBL and IFOAM in February 2019.*• Contents:• Results of the survey on organic agriculture
worldwide.• Numerous graphs, tables, maps and infographics. • Organic agriculture in the regions and reports
from Australia, Canada, the Pacific Islands, and The United States of America.
• Chapters on the global market, standards & legislations, PGS, policy support, the European market, etc.
• Commodity case studies: • Chapter on organic cotton• Overview of the state of other Voluntary
Sustainability Standards• The book can be ordered via IFOAM.bio and
shop.FiBL.org. *Willer, H, Lernoud, J, (2019) The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019. FiBL, Frick, and, IFOAM – Organics International, Bonn
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Website www.organic-world.net
• Detailed statistics in excel format
• Graphs & Maps• Data revisions• News and
backgroundinformation
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About this presentation
There are 3 presentations summarizing the key results of the FiBL survey on organic agriculture worldwide 2019 (data 2017). Apart from the global data, key results on crop and on regional data are presented.More information is available at www.organic-world.net
The following three presentations are available at http://www.organic-world.net/yearbook/yearbook2019/slide-presentations.html:• Part 1: Global data 2017 and survey background • Part 2: Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2017• Part 3: Organic agriculture in the regions 2017
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The 20th Survey on organic agriculture world-wide
The 20th survey on organic agriculture worldwide was carried out by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL in cooperation with partners from all around the world. The results were published jointly by FiBL and IFOAM – Organics International.
The survey was carried out between July 2018 and February 2019.
Data were received from 181 countries.
Updated data on area and producers were available for 146 countries.
Data was provided by over 200 country experts (representatives from NGOs, certification bodies, governments, researchers).
The following data was collected: area data (including land use and crop details); producers, other operator types; domestic market values; export and import data; and livestock data (animal heads and production in metric tons);
The results are published in the yearbook “The World of Organic Agriculture 2019” and at www.organic-world.net.
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World: Distribution of organic areas 2017
• Agricultural land (69.8 million hectares in 2017)
• Cropland• Arable land (cereals, vegetables
etc.)• Permanent crops (fruit, grapes,
olives …)• Cropland, no details (=arable land
and permanent crops with no further details)
• Permanent grassland• Other agricultural land
• Non-agricultural areas (42.4 million hectares in 2017)• Wild collection/Bee keeping (41
million hectares)• Forest• Aquaculture• Grazing areas on non-agricultural land
Agri-cultural land and
crops59%
Wild collection
37%
Other1.3%
Distribution of all organic areas in 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Use of organic agricultural land 2017(total: 69.8 million hectares)
Arable land crops17%
Permanent crops7%
Permanent grassland
69%
Other/No details7%
Distribution of main land use types and crop categories 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019; based on information from the private sector, certifiers, and governments.
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ORGANIC LAND USE 2017
12.1 Mio ha
arable land
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0
Vegetables
Dry pulses
Oilseeds
Green fodder
Cereals
Million hectares
Europe
Asia
North America
Africa
Latin America
0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0
Grapes
Coconut
Nuts
Olives
Coffee
Million hectares
Europe
Latin America
Africa
Asia
North America
Oceania
41.0Mio ha of wild
collection
The organic wild collection areas are concentrated in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Europe
Africa
Asia
Latin America
0 5 10 15
1
2
3
4
5
Million hectares
48.2 Mio ha of grassland, and an almost 27% increase compared with 2016.
4.9 Mio ha, which is 2.9% of the world’s permanent cropland, and a 7% share of the organic agricultural land.
Arable land constitutes 17% of the world’s organic agricultural land, and 0.8% of the world’s arable crop land. It increased by 11.7% over 2016.
Oceania
Europe
Latin America
North America Other
0 10 20 30 40
1
2
3
4
5
Million hectares
Organic permanent grassland by region 2017
Organic arable land by region 2017 Organic permanent crops by region 2017 Organic wild collection by region 2017Organic wild collection: The five countries with the largest areas 2017
Organic permanent crops: Key crops 2017Organic arable land: Key crops 2017Organic permanet grassland: The fivecountries with the largest areas 2017
Australia
Argentina
Uruguay
Spain
China
Finland
Zambia
Tanzania
Romania
India
63% grassland
+7% more
permanent crops
69% grassland
Source: FiBL survey 2019 www.organic-world.net – statistics.fibl.org
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Main land use types in organic agriculture 2017
The chart of the share of land use types in the regions shows:
• For a large part of the organic agricultural land in both Latin America (21%) and Asia (21%), land use information is not available
• Africa has a large proportion of permanent crops (61%); these are mainly cash crops such as coffee, nuts, olives, and cocoa.
• Europe and North America use about half of their organic agricultural land as grassland, and the other half is arable land. In Europe the share of permanent crops is higher than in North America, mainly due to olives and grapes grown in the Mediterranean countries.
• Latin America has little arable land and permanent crops land compared to the large grazing areas (Uruguay and Argentina). It has a comparatively high share of permanent crops (mainly coffee and cocoa).
• Oceania is characterized by the large grazing areas of Australia. The Pacific Islands produce a large range of permanent crops, such as coconuts; New Zealand produces a lot of grapes and temperate fruits.
Source: FiBL survey 2019 11
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World: Agricultural land use by region in organic agriculture 2017
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Africa Asia Europe LatinAmerica
NorthernAmerica
Oceania
Shar
e of
org
anic
agr
icul
tura
llan
d
Distribution of main land use types by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
No details
Other agricultural land
Permanent grassland
Permanent crops
Arable land crops
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World: Development of land use types in organic agriculture 2004-2017
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Mill
ion
hect
ares
Development of the organic land by land use type 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 1999-2019
Permanent grassland
Permanent crops
Arable land crops
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World: Use of organic agricultural land 2017 (total: 69.8 million hectares)
Arable land crops17%
Permanent crops7%
Permanent grassland
69%
Other/No details
7%
Distribution of main land use types and crop categories 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019; based on information from the private sector, certifiers, and governments.
Land use types 2017
0.71.01.2
2.84.5
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0
VegetablesDry pulses
OilseedsGreen fodders
Cereals
Million hectares
Key arable crops
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.9
0.9
0.0 0.5 1.0
Grapes
Coconut
Nuts
Olives
Coffee
Million hectares
Key permanent crops
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World: Key crop groups in organic agriculture: 2016 and 2017 compared
0 1 2 3 4 5
Citrus fruit
Temperate fruit
Tropical and subtropical fruit
Cocoa
Grapes
Vegetables
Olives
Coffee
Dry pulses
Oilseeds
Cereals
Million hectares
Growth of selected crops between 2016-2017Source: FiBL survey 2018-2019
2017
2016
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World: Organic grassland/grazing areas 2017
• With a total of over 48 million hectares, the organic grassland/grazing areas constitute over two thirds or 69 percent of the organic agricultural land.
• The organic grassland/grazing areas account for 1.5 percent of the world’s total grassland/grazing areas.
• An increase of 10.2 million hectares or nearly 27 percent was reported compared with 2016.
• More than two third of the organic grassland/grazing areas is located in Oceania (over 70 percent of the organic grassland/grazing area or nearly 35 million hectares), followed by Europe (12 percent or 5.9 million hectares) and Latin America (10.2 percent or 4.9 million hectares).
Source: FiBL survey 2019 16
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World: Organic permanent grassland/grazing areas by region 2017 (total 48.2 million hectares)
Oceania73%
Europe12%
Latin America10%
North America
4%
Asia2%
Organic permanent grassland/grazing areas by region 2017(total 38 million hectares)Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic arable land 2017
• With a total of almost 12.1 million hectares, organic arable land constitutes 17 percent of the world’s organic agricultural land and 0.8 of the world’s arable cropland.
• An increase of 11.7 percent over 2016 was reported, and there was an increase in most crop categories. However, some categories such as industrial crops and oilseeds reported a drop.
• Almost 60 percent of the arable land is located in Europe, followed by Asia (22 percent), and North America (12 percent).
• Most of the arable cropland is used for cereals including rice (4.5 million hectares), green fodder (2.8 million hectares), and oilseeds (1.2 million hectares).
Source: FiBL survey 2019 18
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World: Organic arable land by region 2017(total 12.1 million hectares)
Europe57%
Asia22%
North America12%
Africa5%
Latin America4%
Distribution of organic arable cropland by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic arable land worldwide by main crop groups 2017 (total 12.1 million hectares)
Cereals37%
Green fodder from arable land
23%
Oilseeds10%
Dry pulses8%
Vegetables6%
Other16%
Use of organic arable cropland by crop group 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Permanent cropland 2017
• Permanent crops account for nearly 4.9 million hectares, which is 2.9 percent of the world’s permanent cropland.
• Compared with 2016, an increase of more than 305’000 hectares, or 7 percent, was reported.
• With 7 percent, permanent cropland has a higher share in organic agriculture than in total agriculture, where it accounts for three percent of the agricultural land.
• Most of the permanent cropland is in Europe (1.6 million hectares), followed by Africa (1.3 million hectares), and Latin America (almost 1 million hectares).
• The most important crops are coffee, with nearly 0.9 million hectares and olives (nearly 0.9 million hectares), each constituting almost 20 percent of the organic permanent cropland, followed by nuts (0.6 million hectares), grapes (0.4 million hectares), and tropical and subtropical fruits (almost 0.4 million hectares).
Source: FiBL survey 2019 21
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World: Organic permanent cropland by region 2017
Europe33%
Africa26%
Latin America20%
Asia17%
Oceania3%
North America1%
Distribution of organic permanent cropland by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic permanent cropland worldwide by crop groups 2017
Coffee18%
Olives18%
Nuts13%Coconut
8%
Grapes8%
Cocoa8%
Fruit, tropical/subtrop
8%
Other19%
Use of permanent cropland by crop group 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic wild collection and beekeeping 2017
• A wild collection area (including beekeeping) of nearly 41 million hectares was reported for 2017.
• The organic wild collection areas are concentrated in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America .
• The countries with the largest areas are Finland (mainly berries), followed by Zambia and the United Republic of Tanzania (beekeeping).
• According to experts, wild berries, apiculture, and medicinal and aromatic plants, as well as shea nuts in Africa and Brazil nuts in Latin America, play the most important roles. Unfortunately, for most of the wild collection areas, no details are available.
Source: FiBL survey 2019 24
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World: Distribution of organic wild collection and beekeeping areas by region 2017
Europe44%
Africa35%
Asia11%
Latin America10%
North America0.2%
Distribution of organic wild collection and beekeeping areas by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic wild collection & beekeeping: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017
1.21
1.26
1.28
1.29
1.31
1.78
1.79
2.42
5.97
11.63
0 5 10 15
Brazil (2011)
China
South Africa
Mexico (2016)
Namibia
India
Romania (2014)
Tanzania
Zambia
Finland
Million hectares
The ten countries with the largest wild collection and beekeeping areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Use of organic wild collection and beekeeping land worldwide 2017
Apiculture20%
Medicinal and aromatic plants,
wild11%
Nuts, wild3%
Fruit, wild3%
Oil plants, wild1.8%
Wild collection no details/other
61%
Use of organic wild collection and beekeeping land worldwide 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic beehives 2017
• There were over 3.2 million organic beehives in 2017, representing almost 3.5 percent of the world’s beehives.
• Organic beehives are concentrated in Latin America (45 percent) and Europe (30 percent).
• The country with the largest number of organic beehives is Brazil (898’640), followed by Zambia (388’067), and Mexico (368’000).
• Their numbers have increased almost six-fold since 2007, when over 535’000 beehives were reported. However, it is important to note that some of the increases can be attributed to the continually improving data availability.
28Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Development of the organic beehives 2007-2017
29
535'
117
527'
763
889'
913
897'
836
939'
310
1'06
4'05
7
1'12
9'37
1
1'06
8'92
5
2'09
5'64
7
2'17
7'84
3
3'15
4'26
9
0
500'000
1'000'000
1'500'000
2'000'000
2'500'000
3'000'000
3'500'000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Beeh
ives
Development of the organic beehives 2007-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
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World: Distribution of organic beehives by region 2017
30
Latin America45%
Europe30%
Africa16%
Asia9%
North America
1%
Distribution of organic beehives by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: The ten countries with the largest number of organic beehives 2017
31
73'878
86'195
112'292
113'754
171'094
233'415
250'434
368'000
388'067
898'640
0 200'000 400'000 600'000 800'000 1'000'000
Spain
Romania
France
Ethiopia
Italy
China
Bulgaria
Mexico
Zambia
Brazil
Beehives
The ten countries with the largest number of organic beehives 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
www.fibl.org
World: Organic aquaculture 2017
• A production volume of nearly 620’000 metric tons of organic aquaculture was reported in 2017.
• According to the available data, aquaculture production is concentrated in Asia (86 percent, mainly China) and Europe (14 percent).
• The largest production volume was found in China (526’500 metric tons), followed by Ireland (almost 41’000 metric tons, mainly blue mussel, salmon and oysters), and Norway (nearly 14’000 metric tons, primarily salmon).
• The aquaculture production volume has increased by 49 percent compared to 2016, mainly to an increase in production in China and Viet Nam.
• A breakdown by species was only available for 13 percent of the total production. According to the available data, organic salmon is the most produced species (over 36’000 metric tons), followed by mussels (19’400 metric tons), aquatic plants (9’000 metric tons), shrimps (almost 6’000 metric tons), and carp (over 5’600 metric tons).
32Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic aquaculture production volume: Distribution by continent and top 10 countries 2017
33
Asia86%
Europe14%
Latin America
0%
Distribution of organic aquaculture production volume by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
2'000
2'512
3'238
3'290
3'999
5'492
10'756
13'611
40'873
526'500
0 200'000 400'000 600'000
Bulgaria
Costa Rica
Hungary
Viet Nam
Spain
Italy
Romania
Norway
Ireland
China
Metric tons
The ten countries with the largest aquaculture production volume 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic aquaculture production volume: Distribution by species and key species 2017
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Salmon6%
Mussels3%
Aquatic plants
2% Shrimps1%
Carps0.9%
Sturgeon0.3%
Other/No details87%
Distribution of organic aquaculture production volume by species 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
1'720
1'745
5'670
5'881
9'016
19'407
36'146
0 20'000 40'000
Trout
Sturgeon
Carps
Shrimps
Aquaticplants
Mussels
Salmon
Metric tons
Key organic aquaculture species by production volume 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic cereals 2017
• At least 4.5 million hectares of cereals were under organic management in 2017. Comparing the organic figure with FAO’s figure for the world’s harvested cereal area of 718 million hectares in 2016 (FAOSTAT), 0.6 percent of the total cereal area is under organic management.
• Cereals include wheat, spelt, barley, oats, grain maize, rice, rye, Andean grains, and triticale.
• The key cereal producers worldwide, according to FAO, are India (98.5 million hectares), China (96.3 million hectares), the United States (58.5 million hectares), and the Russian Federation (44.4 million hectares).
• Of these four countries, information on the organic cereal area was available for all except India, and for the Russian Federation data is not complete, so it can be assumed that the cereal area is larger than what is shown here. China (over 900’000 hectares), Italy (more than 300’000 hectares), and the United States (over 281’000 hectares) are the largest organic cereal producers. In China, 0.9 percent of the total cereal area was organic, and in Italy, the organic cereal area represented 9.4 percent of the total cereal area, one of the highest organic shares.
• Some countries reach organic shares that are far higher than the global organic cereal share of 0.6 percent. For example, Austria (14.6 percent), Sweden (11.4 percent), Estonia (11.1 percent), Italy, and Switzerland (7.6 percent each) greatly exceed the global share.
• The organic cereal area has more than trebled since 2004 (1.3 million hectares), and in 2017, it increased by nearly 280’000 hectares or 6 percent.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that almost 20 percent of the organic cereal area was in conversion in 2017 (over 835’000 hectares). Thus, there could be a considerable increase in the supply of organic cereals in the near future.
Source: FiBL survey 2019 35
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World: Organic cereals: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
1'32
5'38
6
1'58
2'39
5
1'77
0'73
6
1'87
6'61
7
2'21
2'33
8
2'43
0'30
0
2'45
5'52
8
2'69
4'15
1
2'85
4'50
3
3'50
1'21
5
3'35
2'72
8
3'95
0'42
5
4'18
7'87
4
4'46
4'34
7
0
500'000
1'000'000
1'500'000
2'000'000
2'500'000
3'000'000
3'500'000
4'000'000
4'500'000
5'000'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Cereals: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
36
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World: Organic cereals: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017
133.4
156.6
202.0
206.1
236.3
264.5
270.0
281.2
305.9
905.0
0 200 400 600 800 1'000
Ukraine
Russian…
Turkey
Spain
France
Canada
Germany
United States
Italy
China
Thousand hectares
Cereals: The ten countries with the largest organic areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic cereals: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
5.8%
6.9%
7.2%
7.3%
7.3%
7.6%
9.4%
11.1%
11.4%
14.6%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16%
Finland
Bolivia
Latvia
Montenegro
Lithuania
Switzerland
Italy
Estonia
Sweden
Austria
Organic share in %
Cereals: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic cereal land worldwide by cereal types 2017
Wheat32%
Maize, grain14%Oats
12%
Rice12%
Barley9%
Rye4%
Andean grains
3%
Other/No details
6%
Cereals: Distribution of global organic area by cereal type 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic citrus fruit 2017
• Almost 88’000 hectares of citrus fruits were grown organically worldwide in 2017. This constitutes 0.9 percent of the world’s total citrus area of 9.4 million hectares in 2016 (FAOSTAT).
• As no crop details for the organic area were available for some of the world’s leading citrus producers India (0.9 million hectares) and Brazil (0.8 million hectares according to FAOSTAT), it can be assumed that the global figure for the organic citrus area is higher.
• In organic agriculture, the largest producer is Italy with nearly 40’000 hectares, constituting 27 percent of Italy’s harvested citrus fruit area, followed by Mexico (almost 13’000 hectares, 2.2 percent), Spain (over 12’000 hectares, 3.3 percent), and the United States (almost 5’000 hectares, 1.6 percent). Since 2004, when 28’500 hectares of organic citrus were grown, the area trebled. In 2017, the organic citrus area dropped by 3.2 percent compared with 2016.
• Italy has the highest organic share of the total citrus fruit area. It is followed by Ghana (15.2 percent) and France (8.7 percent).
• The area of organic citrus fruits includes oranges (48 percent of the organic citrus fruit), lemons and limes (21 percent), grapefruit and pomelos (5 percent), and tangerines (3 percent); for 23 percent of the organic citrus area, no crop detail was available.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that at least 27 percent of the organic citrus area was in conversion in 2017 (more than 23’000 hectares).
Source: FiBL survey 2019 40
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World: Organic citrus fruit: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
28'5
49 15'7
49
35'7
84 43'3
99
49'8
16
55'9
21
48'1
08
47'2
67 56'5
04
81'2
35
71'6
17
70'7
92
90'6
94
87'8
10
0
10'000
20'000
30'000
40'000
50'000
60'000
70'000
80'000
90'000
100'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Citrus fruit: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
41
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World: Organic citrus area: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017
1'011
1'190
1'248
1'811
3'803
4'100
4'919
12'088
12'570
39'656
0 10'000 20'000 30'000 40'000 50'000
Argentina
Egypt
Morocco
Greece
Ghana
China
United States…
Spain
Mexico
Italy
Hectares
Citrus fruit: The ten countries with the largest organic areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
42
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World: Organic citrus: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
1.6%
1.7%
2.2%
3.2%
3.3%
3.3%
7.6%
8.7%
15.2%
27.0%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Mexico
Cyprus
Greece
Spain
Paraguay
France
Ghana
Italy
Organic share in %
Citrus fruit: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
43
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World: Organic citrus fruit: Use of the citrus fruit area 2017
Oranges48%
Lemons and acid limes21%
Pomelos and grapefruit
5%
Tangerine3%
Other/no details23%
Citrus fruit: Distribution of the organic area by citrus type 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
44
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World: Organic cocoa 2017
• Over 384’000 hectares of cocoa were under organic management in 2017. This constitutes 3.8 percent of the world’s harvested cocoa bean area of 10.2 million hectares 2016.
• The world’s leading producers are Côte d’Ivoire (2.8 million hectares), Indonesia (1.7 million hectares), Ghana (1.7 million hectares), and Nigeria (0.8 million hectares).
• The largest organic cocoa areas are found in the Dominican Republic (159’178 hectares), the Democratic Republic of Congo (51’905 hectares), and Sierra Leone (43’307 hectares). More than 60 percent of the world’s organic cocoa area is in Latin America, and nearly 40 percent is in Africa.
• Some countries have when compared with the FAO data on harvested area, very high organic shares. This can probably be attributed to the fact that FAO data might be incomplete.
• The organic cocoa area has grown over eight-fold since 2004. However, part of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving data availability.
• In 2017, over 39’000 hectares more were reported, an increase of 11.4 percent compared to 2016. The available data on the conversion status indicates that four percent of the organic cocoa area was in conversion in 2017 (over 16’000 hectares). Thus, a slight increase in the supply of organic cocoa may be expected in the near future.
FiBL survey 2019 45
www.fibl.org
World: Organic cocoa: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
46'3
45
71'8
76
88'4
58 150'
366
169'
103
213'
826
233'
517
225'
802
201'
800
222'
597
249'
194 31
7'70
6
344'
666
384'
118
0
50'000
100'000
150'000
200'000
250'000
300'000
350'000
400'000
450'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Cocoa beans: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
46
www.fibl.org
World: Organic cocoa area: The ten leading countries 2017
5'878
6'215
14'021
14'948
15'217
19'092
25'587
43'307
51'905
159'178
0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000
Ghana
Sao Tome and Principe
Panama
Tanzania
Ecuador
Uganda
Peru
Sierra Leone
Congo, D.R.
Dominican Republic
Hectares
Cocoa beans area: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
47
www.fibl.org
World: Organic cocoa: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
24.1%
25.9%
32.7%
39.4%
39.9%
40.1%
40.3%
44.1%
44.6%
92.0%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Sao Tome and Principe
Madagascar
Uganda
Nicaragua
Honduras
Belize
Costa Rica
Vanuatu
Bolivia
Dominican Republic
Organic share in %
Cocoa beans: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
48
www.fibl.org
World: Organic cocoa area: Distribution by region 2017
49
Latin America61%
Africa39%
Cocoa beans: Distribution of the organic area by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
www.fibl.org
World: Organic coffee 2017
• More than 890’000 hectares of coffee were grown organically in 2017. This constituted 8.1 percent of the world’s harvested coffee area of almost 11 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT.
• The world’s leading producers are Brazil (2 million hectares), Indonesia (1.2 million hectares), Côte d’Ivoire (1 million hectares), Colombia (0.9 million hectares), and Ethiopia (0.7 million hectares). Data on organic production was available for all of these countries with the exception of Brazil and Côte d’Ivoire. Slightly more than 45 percent of the world’s organic coffee area is in Latin America, and 42 percent is in Africa.
• In organic farming, the largest areas were in Mexico (231’000 hectares), Ethiopia (161’000 hectares), and Peru (110’000 hectares). Timor-Leste had the highest organic share, with over 58 percent organic coffee, followed by Bolivia (48 percent), the United Republic of Tanzania (37 percent), and Mexico (almost 36 percent).
• The organic coffee area has increased five-fold since 2004. Compared with 2016, the organic coffee area reported a drop of by 4.6 percent or almost 43’000 hectares in 2017.
FiBL survey 2019 50
www.fibl.org
World: Organic coffee: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
176'
139
311'
469
339'
464
546'
541
481'
580
545'
902
626'
547
627'
333
670'
092
705'
964
761'
178 90
3'87
8
933'
950
890'
943
0
100'000
200'000
300'000
400'000
500'000
600'000
700'000
800'000
900'000
1'000'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Coffee: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
51
www.fibl.org
World: Organic coffee area: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017
12.3
23.5
31.0
46.6
50.2
65.6
81.7
110.1
161.1
231.0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Nicaragua
Honduras
Timor-Leste
Indonesia
Sierra Leone
Uganda
Tanzania
Peru
Ethiopia
Mexico
Thousand hectares
Coffee: The ten countries with the largest organic area 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
52
www.fibl.org
World: Organic coffee: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
17.1%
21.0%
23.0%
28.7%
30.7%
35.8%
36.9%
38.4%
48.0%
58.3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Uganda
Papua New Guinea
Ethiopia
Peru
Nepal
Mexico
Tanzania
Sao Tome and Principe
Bolivia
Timor-Leste
Organic share in %
Coffee: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
53
www.fibl.org
World: Organic coffee: Distribution by region 2017
54
Latin America47%
Africa42%
Asia9%
Oceania2%
Coffee: Distribution of the organic area by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
www.fibl.org
World: Organic dry pulses 2017
• The total area under organic dry pulses is almost 952’000 hectares, which is 1.2 percent of the total area of dry pulses grown in the world (almost 82.4 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT).
• No current data on the organic area was available from the three most important dry pulse-growing countries in the world: India, Niger, and Myanmar. India (26 million hectares) was by far the largest grower, representing over 32 percent of the global area used to grow dry pulses.
• The countries with the largest organic dry pulses areas are China (330’000 hectares), France (over 97’000 hectares), Canada (more than 61’000 hectares), the United Republic of Tanzania (almost 51’000 hectares), Italy (almost 50’000 hectares), and Poland (over 43’000 hectares). Overall, organic shares can be high as dry pulses play an important role in organic farming, particularly in Europe.
• The dry pulses area has increased twelve-fold from 79’000 to almost 952’000 hectares since 2004. However, some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving availability of crop data.
• In 2017, the dry pulses area grew by more than 408’000 hectares, or by almost 75 percent compared to 2016, mainly due to China that reported a large increase of its organic dry pulses area. A breakdown by crop is not available for many countries; for instance, Eurostat the statistical office of the European Union publishes only one figure for “dry pulses,” without breaking that figure down by crop.
• The data available for a breakdown of the total fully converted and in conversion area shows that nearly 20 percent is in conversion, and will be fully converted in the next few years. This has implications for the availability of organic dry pulses in the near future.
55FiBL survey 2019
www.fibl.org
World: Organic dry pulses: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
79'0
41
118'
022
161'
302
150'
580
180'
536
206'
229
275'
563
298'
676
324'
452
319'
459
364'
283
440'
917
543'
630
951'
967
0
100'000
200'000
300'000
400'000
500'000
600'000
700'000
800'000
900'000
1'000'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Dry pulses: Development 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
56
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World: Organic dry pulses area: The ten leading countries 2017
26'447
30'484
32'726
40'000
43'373
49'730
50'853
61'088
97'405
330'000
0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000 250'000 300'000 350'000
Russian…
Spain
Kazakhstan
Germany
Poland
Italy
Tanzania
Canada
France
China
Hectares
Dry pulses area: The ten countries with the largest area 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
57
www.fibl.org
World: Organic dry pulses: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
23.9%
25.3%
27.1%
29.2%
29.7%
30.1%
49.9%
51.4%
57.0%
64.3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Belgium
Germany
Sweden
Portugal
Switzerland
France
Italy
Denmark
Austria
Greece
Organic share in %
Dry pulses: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
58
www.fibl.org
World: Organic temperate fruit 2017
• The total area under organic temperate fruit production recorded here (over 204’000 hectares), is 1.6 percent of the total area of temperate fruit grown in the world (12.6 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT).
• Of the seven most important temperate fruit growing countries in the world (China, Turkey, Iran, India, Russia, the United States, and Uzbekistan), five countries (China, Turkey, Iran, Russia, and the United States) provided data on the area of organic temperate fruits in 2017. It can, therefore, be assumed that the organic temperate fruit area is higher.
• The countries with the largest organic temperate fruit areas are Turkey (over 26’000 hectares), Italy (nearly 25’000 hectares), China (22’400 hectares), Pakistan (more than 18’000 hectares), France (16’700 hectares), and the United States (almost 12’000 hectares).
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops were collected for the first time, the temperate fruit area has more than doubled. However, some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving crop data availability. In 2017, a drop of over 47’000 hectares occurred, this was mainly due to a decrease in China and Poland.
• The key temperate fruits are apples, with 40 percent of the temperate fruit area, followed by pears, cherries, plums, and apricots.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that nearly 30 percent of the total temperate fruit area is in conversion. Thus, a considerable increase in the supply of organic temperate fruit in the near future.
FiBL survey 2019 59
www.fibl.org
World: Organic temerpate fruit: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
97'2
46 62'4
07
124'
090
101'
560
101'
689
95'4
25
119'
934
154'
041
164'
551 21
2'08
7
186'
494
263'
014
251'
387
204'
382
0
50'000
100'000
150'000
200'000
250'000
300'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Temperate Fruit: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
60
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World: Organic temperate fruit: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017
6'692
7'514
8'602
10'574
11'670
16'707
18'359
22'400
24'825
26'073
0 5'000 10'000 15'000 20'000 25'000 30'000
Bulgaria
Germany
Argentina
Poland
United States…
France
Pakistan
China
Italy
Turkey
Hectares
Temperate fruit: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
61
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World: Organic temperate fruits: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
14.9%
16.5%
16.8%
17.5%
18.5%
23.5%
24.5%
32.0%
32.2%
43.3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Slovakia
France
Germany
Denmark
Luxembourg
Austria
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Montenegro
Latvia
Organic share in %
Temperate fruits: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
62
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World: Organic temperate fruit land worldwide by key fruit types 2017
Apples40%
Pears10%
Cherries8%
Plums8%
Apricots7%
Peaches/ nectarines
4%
Other/No details21%
Temperate fruit: Use of organic temperate fruit area 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
63
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World: Tropical and subtropical fruits 2017
• The total area under organic tropical and subtropical fruit production recorded here (nearly 380’000 hectares) is 1.5 percent of the total area of tropical and subtropical fruit grown in the world (24.8 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT data).
• Of the five most important tropical and subtropical fruit growing countries in the world (India, China, Philippines, Brazil, and Thailand, all with more than one million hectares), only the Philippines and Thailand provided data on the area used for growing organic tropical and subtropical fruit in 2017.
• The largest organic growers for which data on the organic area was available were Mexico (almost 131’000 hectares), the Dominican Republic (almost 26’000 hectares), Turkey (over 24’000 hectares), and Kenya (more than 19’000 hectares). Some of these countries also report very high organic shares of tropical and subtropical fruit, more than the ten percent of their countries’ total area for these crops: In the case of the Dominican Republic, bananas; and in the case of Mexico, mangos and avocados.
• The largest organic shares of tropical and subtropical fruit area are in Burkina Faso (66.6 percent), Fiji (52.2 percent), Turkey (37.5 percent), and Slovenia (26.9 percent). By area, the key tropical and subtropical fruits are bananas, avocados, figs, and mangos .
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops was collected for the first time, the tropical fruit area has increased more than nine-fold. Some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving data availability. In 2017, an increase of 6.6 percent compared to 2016 was reported; after the drop reported in 2016.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that nearly 12 percent of the total tropical and subtropical fruit area is in conversion. This suggests that a slight increase in supply in the near future may be expected.
FiBL survey 2019 64
www.fibl.org
World: Organic tropical and subtropical: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
40'5
00
55'8
83
64'9
59
94'6
80 138'
512
165'
879
171'
304
206'
913
220'
634
214'
612
226'
283
381'
603
356'
276
379'
699
0
50'000
100'000
150'000
200'000
250'000
300'000
350'000
400'000
450'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Tropical and subtropical fruit: Development 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
65
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World: Organic tropical and subtropical fruit: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017
10'213
12'502
15'527
15'813
17'128
18'612
19'238
24'127
25'835
130'563
0 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000 100'000 120'000 140'000
Burkina Faso
Saudi Arabia
Philippines
Ecuador
Madagascar
Sri Lanka
Kenya
Turkey
Dominican Republic
Mexico
Hectares
Tropical and subtropical fruit: The ten countries with the largest areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
66
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World: Organic tropical and subtropical fruits: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
16.7%
19.5%
20.5%
21.4%
22.6%
23.6%
24.6%
26.9%
37.5%
52.2%
66.6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Canada
Sri Lanka
Togo
Sierra Leone
Italy
Mexico
Dominican Republic
Slovenia
Turkey
Fiji
Burkina Faso
Organic share in %
Tropical and subtropical fruits: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
67
www.fibl.org
World: Organic tropical and subtropical fruit land worldwide by main crop groups 2017
Bananas23%
Avocados17%
Figs8%Mangos
8%
Dates4%
Guava3%
Other/No details37%
Tropical and subtropical fruit: Distribution of global organic area by crop 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
68
www.fibl.org
World: Organic grape area 2017
• More than 403’000 hectares of organic grapes are grown, constituting 5.7 percent of the world’s grape-growing area (7.1 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT). In Europe, over 340’000 hectares (8.7 percent of the harvested grape area) are organic.
• Not all of the grape area listed in the table is used for wine. The production of table grapes and raisins is important in many countries, such as Turkey. All of the five most important grape-growing countries in the world (Spain, China, France, Italy, and Turkey) provided data on the area under organic grape production in 2017.
• The countries with the largest organic grape areas are Spain and Italy, each with more than 100’000 hectares of organic grapes, followed by France with over 78’000 hectares. Some of the highest organic shares of the total grape area are also found in these countries. Almost 90 percent of the world’s organic grape area is in Europe. The rest is distributed almost equally among Asia, North America, and Latin America.
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops were collected for the first time, the organic grape area has increased more than four-fold. However, some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving availability of crop data.
• The available data indicates that a large part of the organic grape area (at least 27 percent) is in conversion. Thus, a considerable increase in the supply of organic grapes may be expected, particularly from Spain, Italy, and France.
FiBL survey 2019 69
www.fibl.org
World: Organic grapes: Growth of the global organic area 2004-2017
87'6
55
101'
265
113'
970
122'
420
150'
756
190'
451
217'
953
268'
509
288'
028
316'
377
315'
963
337'
004
385'
337
403'
047
0
50'000
100'000
150'000
200'000
250'000
300'000
350'000
400'000
450'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Grapes: Development 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
70
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World: Organic grapes: The ten countries with the largest organic areas 2017
5'372
5'663
5'783
7'300
11'071
15'921
24'500
78'502
105'384
106'897
0 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000 100'000 120'000
Argentina
Austria
Australia
Germany
United States
Turkey
China
France
Italy
Spain
Hectares
Grapes: The ten countries with the largest organic areas 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
71
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World: Organic grapes: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
5.7%
8.7%
10.3%
10.4%
11.2%
11.6%
12.2%
15.8%
19.6%
22.5%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
World
Europe
European Union
France
Bulgaria
Spain
Austria
Italy
Belgium
United Kingdom
Organic share in %
Grapes: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
72
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World: Organic grapes: Distribution of the organic area by region 2017
Europe84%
Asia7%
Northern America
4%
Latin America
2% Other3%
Grapes: Distribution of the organic grape area by region 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
73
www.fibl.org
Spain: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)
74
10'8
04
11'8
41
16'0
38
16'4
53
14'9
28
15'9
91
16'8
32
17'1
89
30'8
56
53'9
59
57'2
31
79'0
16
81'2
62
83'9
32
84'3
81 96'5
91
106'
720
106'
897
0
20'000
40'000
60'000
80'000
100'000
120'000
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Hec
tare
s
Spain: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)Source: MARA 1999-2019
www.fibl.org
Italy: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)
31'2
49 44'1
75
37'3
79
31'7
09
31'1
70
33'8
85
37'6
93
36'6
84
40'4
80
43'6
14 52'2
73
52'8
12
57'3
47 67'9
37
72'3
61 83'6
43
103'
545
105'
384
0
20'000
40'000
60'000
80'000
100'000
120'000
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Hec
tare
s
Italy: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)Source: SINAB 2000-2019
75
www.fibl.org
France: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)
12'3
64
13'4
26
15'0
13
16'2
59
16'4
28
18'1
33
18'8
08
22'5
09
28'1
90 39'1
46 50'2
68 61'0
55
64'8
01
64'6
10
66'2
11
68'5
79
70'7
32 78'5
02
0
10'000
20'000
30'000
40'000
50'000
60'000
70'000
80'000
90'000
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Hec
tare
s
France: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)Source: Agence Bio 2000-2019
76
www.fibl.org
World: Organic oilseeds 2017
• Almost 1.2 million hectares were used for growing organic oilseeds in 2017. This is 0.5 percent of the world’s total harvested oilseed area (almost 230 million hectares according to FAOSTAT).
• The main countries in which oilseeds are grown are the United States, Brazil, India, Argentina, and China (each with more than 20 million hectares). Data on organic production was available for all of these countries but Brazil. The countries with the largest organic oilseed area are China, India, the Russian Federation, Sudan, Romania, and the United States.
• The highest organic shares are in Peru (23.3 percent, mainly sesame) and Austria (18.7 percent, mostly soybeans).
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops was collected for the first time, the oilseed area (2004: almost 144’000 hectares) has increased more than eight-fold. However, some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving availability of crop data. In 2017, the organic oilseed area reported a drop of nearly 13 percent (over 172’500 hectares).
• Over third of the organic oilseed area is for soybeans, and another twenty percent is for sunflower seeds and sesame.
• The data available for a breakdown of the total fully converted and in conversion area shows that at least 17 percent is in conversion and will be fully converted in the next few years. This has implications for the availability of organic oilseeds in the near future.
77FiBL survey 2019
www.fibl.org
World: Organic oilseeds: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
143'
956
154'
859
237'
955
252'
745
340'
887
446'
056 74
2'11
4
744'
708
680'
952
866'
752
952'
671 1'23
5'23
4
1'36
9'74
5
1'19
7'20
3
0
200'000
400'000
600'000
800'000
1'000'000
1'200'000
1'400'000
1'600'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Oilseeds: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
78
www.fibl.org
World: Organic oilseed area: The ten leading countries 2017
44'587
52'020
56'875
59'172
61'164
70'090
86'000
114'575
130'000
167'000
0 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000 100'000 120'000 140'000 160'000 180'000
Uganda
Ukraine
Canada
France
United States
Romania
Sudan
Russian…
India
China
Hectares
Oilseed area: The ten leading countries 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
79
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World: Organic oilseeds: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
5.1%
5.1%
5.2%
5.2%
5.7%
5.9%
7.2%
8.9%
18.7%
23.3%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Slovenia
Namibia
Italy
Lithuania
Croatia
Greece
Estonia
Sweden
Austria
Peru
Organic share in %
Oilseeds: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
80
www.fibl.org
World: Organic oilseed area worldwide by main crop groups 2017
Soybeans36%
Sunflower seed13%Sesame
9%
Rape and turnip rape8%
Peanuts7%
Linseed (oil flax)5%
Other/No details22%
Oilseeds: Use of organic oilseed area by crop 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
81
www.fibl.org
World: Organic olives 2017
• Almost 883’000 hectares of olives were reported to be under organic production in 2017. This represents 8.3 percent of the world’s total harvested olive area (10.7 million hectares according to FAOSTAT).
• The main countries in which olives are grown are around the Mediterranean. Spain is by far the largest grower with 2.6 million hectares, followed by Tunisia (1.6 million hectares) and Italy (1.2 million hectares). Greece and Morocco are also important producers. For all these countries, data for the organic area was available.
• Tunisia has the largest area of organic olives (more than 254’000 hectares), followed by Italy (almost 236’000 hectares), and Spain (more than 195’000 hectares).
• Almost 70 percent of the world’s organic olive area is in Europe, followed by northern Africa with nearly 30 percent of the world’s organic olive area. In Italy, the percentage of area under organic production is relatively high (over 20 percent).
• In Tunisia, 15.5 percent of the olive area is organic, and in Spain almost 8 percent. France has the highest organic share with 27.3 percent of the olive area being organic.
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops were collected for the first time, the olive area almost trebled. The available data indicates that a large part of the total olive area, 18 percent, is in conversion. Thus, an increase in the supply of organic olives may be expected.
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World: Organic olives: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
314'
809
345'
657
380'
575
401'
524
432'
116
491'
400
495'
480
538'
122
575'
566
612'
267
627'
008
672'
036
747'
640 88
2'89
9
0
100'000
200'000
300'000
400'000
500'000
600'000
700'000
800'000
900'000
1'000'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Olives: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
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World: Organic olive area: The ten leading countries 2017
4.7
4.9
5.0
20.0
21.6
50.1
81.6
195.1
235.7
254.4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
France
Argentina
Palestine, State of
Mexico
Portugal
Greece
Turkey
Spain
Italy
Tunisia
Thousand hectares
Olives: The ten countries with the largest organic area 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic olives: The ten countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
7.6%
7.9%
9.6%
9.6%
14.6%
15.5%
20.2%
20.7%
27.3%
32.5%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Spain
Argentina
Croatia
Turkey
Cyprus
Tunisia
Italy
Slovenia
France
Malta
Organic share in %
Olives: The ten countries/regions with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic olives: Distribution of the organic area by region 2017
Europe67%
Africa29%
Other4%
Olives: Distribution of the organic area by continent 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic vegetables 2017
• The total area under organic vegetable production in 2017 (nearly 676’000 hectares) was 1.1 percent of the total area of vegetables grown in the world (62 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT).
• Of the four most important vegetable-growing countries in the world (China, India, Nigeria, and Viet Nam), data on the organic area was only available for China, Nigeria, and Viet Nam. The countries with the largest organic vegetable areas are China, Mexico, the United States, Italy, Egypt, and France.
• The highest organic shares of the total vegetable areas are in Denmark, Austria, Switzerland, and Mexico. These are also the countries in Europe that, with the exception of Mexico, have the largest organic market shares for organic food. Furthermore, Sweden and Italy reported high organic shares of the total vegetable area.
• Since 2004, when data on organic land use and crops was collected for the first time, the vegetable area increased by over six-fold, from 105’000 hectares to the current 676’000 hectares. The major increase in 2017 is mainly due to a substantial increase of the vegetable area in China, Italy, and Spain.
• A large part (nearly 120’000 hectares) is for fruit vegetables, followed by leafy and stalked vegetables (salads). For most countries, however, no crop details for the vegetable area are available.
• The available data on the breakdown of the fully converted and in conversion area at least 54’000 hectares of a large part of the organic vegetable area is under conversion. Thus, it can be concluded that not a big increase of the organic vegetable supply can be expected.
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World: Organic vegetables: Growth of the organically managed land 2004-2017
105'
253
156'
884
181'
430
208'
135
209'
906
221'
006
236'
483
227'
126
239'
171
294'
317
299'
301
322'
920 44
1'49
3
675'
980
0
100'000
200'000
300'000
400'000
500'000
600'000
700'000
800'000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Hec
tare
s
Vegetables: Development 2004-2017Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 2006-2019
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World: Organic vegetable area: The ten leading countries 2017
7'297
10'236
13'846
20'331
20'866
23'379
54'720
64'461
97'149
279'300
0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000 250'000 300'000
Netherlands
Poland
Germany
Spain
France
Egypt
Italy
United States
Mexico
China
Hectares
Vegetables: The ten countries with the largest organic area 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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World: Organic vegetables: The ten countries with the highest organic shares 2017
8.8%
9.3%
9.4%
10.0%
10.8%
11.4%
13.2%
16.9%
24.2%
33.3%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Finland
France
Germany
Norway
Italy
Sweden
Mexico
Switzerland
Austria
Denmark
Organic share %
Vegetables: The ten countries with the highest organic shares 2017Source: FiBL survey 2019
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More information
More information (PDF, data sources, graphs) at http://www.organic-world.net/yearbook/yearbook-2019.htmlContactHelga Willer and Julia LernoudResearch Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL)5070 [email protected] and [email protected]
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Disclaimer
All of the results contained in this slide show have been compiled by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL). However, the possibility of mistakes cannot be ruled out entirely. Therefore, FIBL is not subject to any obligation and makes no guarantees whatsoever regarding any of the statements or results in this work; neither does FiBL accept responsibility or liability for any possible mistakes, nor for any consequences of actions taken by readers based on statements or advice contained therein.This document has been produced with the support of the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), the International Trade Centre (ITC), the Sustainability Fund of Coop Switzerland, NürnbergMesse, IFOAM – Organics International. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinions of SECO, ITC, Coop, NürnbergMesse or IFOAM – Organics International.
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