Organisms

Organ Systems – Working Together

• There are many different organs in the body: the liver, kidneys, heart, even your skin is an organ

• Organ Systems are composed of two or more different organs that work together to provide a common function.

• There are 10 major organ systems in the human body (only 7 listed below. Not listed: Endocrine, Reproductive, Lymphatic/Immune Systems)

Skeletal System:

Major Role: The main role of the skeletal system is to provide support for the body, to protect delicate internal organs and to provide attachment sites for the organs.

Bones, cartilage, tendons and ligaments.

Major Organs:

Muscular System:

Major Role: The main role of the muscular system is to provide movement. Muscles work in pairs to move limbs and provide the organism with mobility. Muscles also control the movement of materials through some organs, such as the stomach and intestine, and the heart and circulatory system.

Skeletal muscles and smooth muscles throughout the body.

Major Organs:

Circulatory System:

Major Role: The main role of the circulatory system is to transport nutrients, gases (such as oxygen and CO2), hormones and wastes through the body.

Heart, blood vessels and blood.Major Organs:

Nervous System:

Major Role: The main role of the nervous system is to relay electrical signals through the body. The nervous system directs behavior and movement and, along with the endocrine system, controls physiological processes such as digestion, circulation, etc.

Brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.

Major Organs:

Respiratory System:

Major Role: The main role of the respiratory system is to provide gas exchange between the blood and the environment. Primarily, oxygen is absorbed from the atmosphere into the body and carbon dioxide is expelled from the body.

Nose, trachea and lungs.Major Organs:

Digestive System:

Major Role:

The main role of the digestive system is to breakdown and absorb nutrients that are necessary for growth and maintenance.

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines.

Major Organs:

Excretory System:

Major Role:

The main role of the excretory system is to filter out cellular wastes, toxins and excess water or nutrients from the circulatory system.

Kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.Major Organs:

Medical and Applied Sciences

• Cardiology – study of the heart and vascular system

• Dermatology – study of the skin • Endocrinology - study of hormones , hormone-

secreting glands, and associated diseases.• Epidemiology – study of the factors that contribute

to determining the distribution and frequency of health-related conditions.

Medical and Applied Sciences

• Gastroenterology – study of the stomach and intestines

• Geriatrics – Branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems

• Gynecology – study of the female reproductive system

• Hematology – study of blood and blood diseases.

Medical and Applied Sciences

• Histology – study of the structure and function of tissues (microscopic anatomy)

• Immunology – study of the body’s resistance to disease

• Neonatology – study of newborns and the treatment of their disorders

• Nephrology – study of the structure and function of the kidneys

Medical and Applied Sciences

• Neurology – study of the brain and nervous system

• Obstetrics – branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy and childbirth

• Oncology – study of cancer• Ophthalmology – study of the eye and eye

disease• Otolaryngology – study of the ear, throat,

larynx, and their diseases

Medical and Applied Sciences

• Pathology – study of structural and functional changes within the body associated with disease

• Pediatrics – branch of medicine dealing with children and their diseases

• Pharmacology – study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of disease

• Podiatry – study of the care and treatment of the feet

Medical and Applied Sciences

• Psychiatry – branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders

• Radiology – Study of X rays and radioactive substances

• Toxicology – study of poisonous substances and their effects on physiology

• Urology – branch of medicine dealing with the urinary and male reproductive systems and their diseases