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OVERVIEW OF FUNCTIONS AND PRODUCTS OF (POTENTIAL) WMO CSIS ELEMENTS

Peer HechlerWMO

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Aim of talk

To provide some examples of WMO co-ordinated activities, which aim at sustained

global and regional climate information generation and provision

in support of national climate services

References:

CSIS Workshop Doc. 4 ‘Overview of functions and products of potential WMO CSIS elements’

CSIS Workshop Doc. 5 ‘Regional Climate Centres – Status by Region’

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Global Framework for Climate Services

WCC3 decided to establish a Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) to strengthen the production, availability, delivery and application of science-based climate prediction and services.

Capacity Building Observations

Research, Modelling and

Prediction

Climate User Interface

Programme

Climate Services Information

Systems

Development of information and products

Delivery of Products

Monitoring and Analysis

Application of Products

Capacity Building Observations

Research, Modelling and

Prediction

Climate User Interface

Programme

Climate Services Information

Systems

Development of information and products

Delivery of Products

Monitoring and Analysis

Application of Products

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Global Framework for Climate Services

The Climate Services Information System (CSIS) is the component of the Framework that is designed to routinely generate climate informationroutinely generate climate information which users need for the decisions they have to make.

Relevant WMO current strengths as of nowas of now include: -GDPFS including 12 GPCs and 2 Lead Centers as well as 2 RCCs

-Regional institutions, such as DMCs, ACMAD, ICPAC, CIIFEN -Standards and best practices for operations (-> CCl, CBS)

-WMO El Niño/ La Niña Update, etc.

Examples of relevant WMO contributions to GFCS implementation include:-Promote national mechanisms to strengthen capacities of members to provide climate services-Extension of GPC and RCC networks and RCOFs to cover all climatic regions -Expansion of RCC operations to cover regional climate change scenarios-Development of additional global climate updates (-> GSCU), etc.

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WMO Global Producing Centres

Function of WMO GPCs: Provision of global-scale long-range (seasonal) predictioninformation to Regional Climate Centres, Regional Climate Outlook Forums and NationalMeteorological and Hydrological ServicesNote: Other centres produce equivalent products (e.g. IRI, APCC)

Variables: 2m temp, precip and SST Format: probabilities for tercile categoriesTemporal resolution: 1 month or longer (seasons)Spatial resolution: 2.5°x2.5°Coverage: globalLead time: between 0 and 4 months;Issue frequency: monthly or at least quarterly

Many GPCs provide additional variables (e.g. pmsl, T 850hPa); products (e.g. ensemble mean anomaly); and longer range products.

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WMO Global Producing Centres Skill track record (ROC)

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WMO Regional Climate Centres

• RCCs are Centres of Excellence, which perform mandatory operational regional-scale climate functions in the domains of long-range forecasting, climate monitoring, data services and training

• Highly recommended functions comprise the domains of climate projections, co-ordination, capacity building and R&D

• RCCs are complementary to and supportive of NMHSs, which deliver all warnings and national-scale products

Mandatory product list (examples):

Assessment of GPC products

Regional/sub-regional seasonal outlooks

Consensus outlook statements

Verification datasets

Climate diagnostics bulletins

Reference climatologies

Implementation of climate watches

Regional climate datasets

Training, feedback mechanisms, information portals

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WMO Regional Climate Centres

Station density, RA VI RCC-Network regional dataset

Monthly product, RA VI RCC-Network

climate monitoring bulletin

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WMO Climate Watch Systems

WMO Climate Watch systems…

… enable delivery of national climate advisories on occurring and expected climate anomalies to users as a climate service

… are part of the mandatory RCC functions and will receive guidance information from regional entities and mechanisms, such as RCCs and RCOFs,

… might be fed by global guidance products, such asWMO’s El Niño/La Niña Update and the upcoming

GSCU

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WMO Climate Watch Systems

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Gobal Producing Centres of Long Range Forecasts (GPCs)

Regional Climate Centres (RCCs)(* Pilot phase)RCC Network Nodes (Pilot)

Global Network of WMO GPCs and RCCs

Washington

Montreal

Exeter

ECMWF

Toulouse*

Moscow*

Pretoria Melbourne

Beijing

Seoul

Tokyo

Lead Centre for SVSLRF

Lead Centre for LRFMME

SVSLRF: Standardized Verification System for Long Range ForecastsLRFMME: Long Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble

CLW/CLPA/WCAS

CPTEC Brazil

De Bilt* Offenbach*

ACMAD*

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Regional Climate Outlook Forums

RCOFs bring together national, regional and international climate experts,on a regular basis, to produce regional climate outlooks based oninput from global and regional producers of climate information as well asfrom NMHSs of the region concerned.

The RCOF mechanism:---> addresses regions of common climate characteristics---> ensures consistency in access to, and interpretation of, climate

information---> facilitates close user interaction to jointly assess the likely implications

of the outlooks---> provides training on long-range forecasting, communication etc.

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Regional Climate Outlook Forums

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Regional Climate Outlook Forums

SASCOF

East-Asian Winter Monsoon Joint Meeting

Existing RCOFs worldwide

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WMO El Niño/La Niña Updates and GSCU

WMO has been issuing consensus based

El Niño/La Niña Updates on a quasi-regularbasis over the past more than a decade, providinguseful information on these events of significantimportance to regional climate impacts.

From 12-14 Oct 2010, an Expert Meeting on Scoping Global Seasonal Climate Updates (GSCU) took place at WMO Headquarters, expanding the idea of El Niño/La Niña Updates to a quarterly publication on the observed status and potential evolution of the global climate (ENSO, SST, TT, RR, significant events).

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Annual WMO Statement

Each year WMO produces its Statement on the Status of the Global Climate

The activity consists of a press release mid December and the publication of a 12-page brochure in March of the following year

The brochure provides information mainly about global temperature, regional temperature and precipitation patterns, hazards, droughts and floods, tropical cyclones, ENSO, Arctic Sea Ice. A feature article informs on a subject of interest attached to the content of the brochure.

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Global Climate Datasets

Amongst a huge variety of different existing global data sets and relevant initiatives, including Data Rescue, are two ‘famous’ examples of data sets compiled in international collaboration under WMO co-ordination:

World Weather Records (WWR) have been published since 1927, and include monthly mean values of pressure, temperature and precipitation, as well as station metadata; data are collected for periods of 10 years (e.g. 1991-2000)

Climatological Normals (CLINO): 30-year means for standard reference periods (current period: 1961-1990) incl. relevant statistics (percentiles, number of days, frequencies, etc.) for a variety of parameters from over 4000 stations worldwide

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Climate Projections

WCRP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) and

WCRP Co-ordinated Regional Climate Downscaling

Experiment (CORDEX) provide frameworks for climate

change scenario development on global and regional levelincluding data access.

World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water

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Thank youThank youMerciMerci

СпасибоСпасибоGraciasGraciasشكراشكرا

谢 谢 谢 谢

Thank youThank youMerciMerci

СпасибоСпасибоGraciasGraciasشكراشكرا

谢 谢 谢 谢