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• Industrial Revolution fill in the blank notes page 77

Industrial Revolution

When factory machines replaced hand tools and large scale manufacturing replaced farming

Areas effected by industrialization

1. Regional Growth2. Regional Tension

(Sectionalism)3. National Unity

Causes of Regional Growth

1. Cotton Gin2. Textile Factories3. Farming advances4. Better transportation

Causes of National Unity• Better Communication• Faster transportation• Economic cooperation• National currency• Stronger federal governme

nt• Territorial gains

Causes of Regional Tension (Sectionalism)

1. Slavery2. Different economie

s3. Tariffs

Invention/idea inventor effects

Steam boat Robert Fultonimproved river transportation, both downriver and AGAINST the current

interchangeable parts Eli Whitneystandardized parts in a single product, made assembly lines possible

assembly line XXXXXXXXXX

machines, equipment, and workers together. work passes from operation to operation in direct line until the product is assembled (completed)

cotton gin Eli Whitneyincreased cotton production, making cotton it CHEAPER and FASTER, leads to the spread of slavery in the south

factory system XXXXXXXXXXbrought workers and machines togerther for faster production

telegraph Samuel Morseby improved communication across very long distances…brings the country together

steel plow John Deereincreased food production with same amount of labor…plant more and produce more

Mechanical reaper Cyrus McCormickimproves agriculture…more harvest with same labor

industrial Revolution XXXXXXXXXXfactory machines replaced hand tools and large scale manufacturing replaced farming

Industrial Revolution Inventions

Cotton Gin•Made cotton more profitable so slavery increased

map

Northern Textile Factories

•Could make clothes faster so they needed more cotton

map

Factory Workers: Women

• Lowell Mill Girls• Lived in company owned boarding

houses• Worked 12 ½ hour days• Early years high wages of

$2-$4/week• Strict rules, must attend church• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p

kJwOYagvuI

Lowell Mills Girls: Cont.

• Published literary magazine: Lowell Offering

• Usually worked for a few years until married

• 1830’s profits started to fall: wages dropped, working conditions worsened

Farming Advances•Made farming easier and faster so they could farm more land with fewer people.

graph

Better Transportation

•Cheaper to send goods to market so they could afford to send more goods

Map

Slavery•Cotton is more profitable so slavery increased

map

graph

Different Economies

•North became more industrialized

•South became more agricultural

Tariffs•Protected Northern interests

by making foreign goods more expensive

•Harmed the South b/c they had to buy the more expensive foreign goods

Better communication

•made it easier to keep in touch with others at long distances

Better Transportation

•Erie Canal, Railroads and the National Road linked cities together

Map

Economic Cooperation

•north depended on the south for its supply of cotton for its factories

National Currency•one type of dollar made trade between states easier

Stronger Federal Government

•government controlled interstate trade (trade between more than one state)

•Gibbons v Ogden

Territorial Gains

•Indian lands, Louisiana and Texas provided new markets and farms

Agriculture, 1860

Industry and raw materials, 1860

Railroads, 1860

Free and Slave Population, 1860