Paper - I : Advanced Structural Analysis - II Time : 3 ... - I : Advanced Structural Analysis - II...

(DCE 411)

B.Tech DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY - 2015

(Examination at the End of Final Year)

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - I : Advanced Structural Analysis - II

Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 75

Answer question No.1 compulsory (15)

Answer ONE question from each unit (4 × 15 = 60)

1) a) What are the forces developed at a section in a curved beam?

b) Define Torsion factor.

c) Write the applications to continuous beams.

d) Define rigid jointed plane.

e) What are the disadvantages of matrix methods?

f) What are the different approaches to matrix methods?

g) Define kinematic Indeterminacy.

h) Write any two differences between stress and strain.

i) Define stiffness and flexibility.

j) What is a continuous beam?

k) Define fully plastic moment.

l) Define shape factor.

m) Difference between a frame & a truss.

n) Define matrix.

o) Define ultimate load.

UNIT – I

2) a) Derive an expression for semicircular beam loaded uniformly and supported on

symmetrically placed columns. [8]

b) Write the statement of Muller-Breslu principle? [7]

OR

3) Compute the ordinates of influence lines for reaction RA for beam shown in fig. at 1m interval &

draw the influence line diagram. Moment of inertia is constant through out. [15]

UNIT - II

4) a) Define shape factor? Derive shape factors for rectangular section. [7]

b) State & explain upper and lower bound theorems. [8]

OR

5) a) Derive Moment – Curvature relationships for flexural members. [8]

b) What do you mean by collapse load factor? Explain with an example. [7]

UNIT – III

6) Analyse the continuous beam by flexibility matrix method. Draw SFD & BMD. Assuming

constant EI throughout the beam and Draw elastic curve. [15]

OR

7) Analyse the portal frame ABCD by flexibility matrix method. EI is constant throughout. [15]

UNIT - IV

8) Analyse the beam shown by stiffness matrix method. [15]

OR

9) Using stiffness matrix method, analyse the frame shown. Take EI constant throughout. [15]

(DCE 412)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY - 2015

(Examination at the End of Final Year)

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - II : Earthquake Engineering




1) a) Write the equation of motion of a single degree of freedom system.

b) Mention the basic concepts of vibration.

c) Write the comparison of static loading and dynamic loading.

d) What is the purpose of Seismic Zoning.

e) Expand DSHA and PSHA.

f) What do you mean by free and forced vibrations.

g) What are the sources of Earthquake.

h) What is the significance of response spectrum.

i) What is Hypocenter?

j) Define Epicenter?

k) How is seismology different from earthquake engineering.

l) Define Critical Damping.

m) List out commonly used types of seismic dampers?

n) How does liquefaction get affected by the towering of ground water table.

o) What do you mean by soft storey.

UNIT – I

2) Derive the Fourier series expression for the given periodic loading function and write the

expression for the steady state response of an SDOF system. (15)

OR

3) For the frame shown in Fig, obtain the fundamental mode frequency. (15)

Take M1 = M2 = 400 kN – s2/m, M3 = 500 kN – s

2/m, K1 = 12 × 10

4 kN/m,

K2 = 24 × 104 kN/m and K3 = 48 × 10

4 kN/m. Sketch the mode shapes.

UNIT - II

4) a) What are the factors influencing ground motion. (7½)

b) Write a brief note on identification of earthquake sources. (7½)

OR

5) Explain in detail different factors responsible for liquefaction. (15)

UNIT – III

6) Explain with sketches, the different types of damages in masonry caused by earthquakes. (15)

OR

7) A one-storeyed building located in zone-V, has plan dimensions of 4m × 4m and 4m height. Four

columns of dimensions 230mm × 230mm are located at the four corners of the building. The size

of the beams is 230mm × 300mm. The thickness of the slab is 150mm. Live load on the roof slab

is 2kN/m2. The soil below the building is of medium type. Analyse the frame for a load

combination of dead load and earthquake load. (15)

UNIT - IV

8) a) Write a brief note on the following : (10)

i) Local Retrofit Strategies.

ii) Global retrofit strategies.

b) How typical damage and failure of steel structures are noticed. (5)

OR

9) What are the different repair techniques for damages in masonry caused by earthquakes. (15)

(DCE 413)

B. Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY - 2015

(Examination at the end of Final Year)

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - III : Water Resources Engineering-III : Design & Drawing


All questions carry equal marks

Unit - I

1) Design and draw a lined canal carrying 230 m3/sec has to be flumed through a ridge 1700m long

where rock has been met with. The canal in the normal reach has the following hydraulic

particularly.

Discharge : 222 m3/sec

Bed width : 25.5 m

Depth : 5.5 m

Velocity of flow : 1.3 m/sec

Side slopes 1½ : 1 and coefficient of rugosity 0.018 for lined canal.

Longitudinal bed slope : 1/10,000.

The flume portion is assumed to be in hard rock where a side slope of ¼ to 1 is permissible. The

maximum velocity assumed in the flume may be taken as 2.5 m3/sec. Assume the whole flume also

to be lined (n = 0.018).

OR

2) Design the canal regulator with road way with the following data :

Particulars of canal U/S of Regulator D/S of Regulator

Fully supply discharge : 25 m3/sec 20 m

3/sec

Bed width : 16m 16m

Full supply level : 24.3m 23.9m

Top of bank level : 25.3m 24.9m

Top width of right bank : 5m 5m

Top width of left bank : 2.5m 2.5m

Bed level : 22m 22m

The regulator carries roadway single lane. Design for IRC loading class-A. Provide a free board of

1m above FSL for load bridge. Good foundation is available at 20m. The general GL is 24.5m.

Assume any other data suitably. Draw the longitudinal section of the regulator (not ot scale).

Unit - II

3) Design and draw the surplus work of a tank forming part of a chain of tanks. The combined

catchment area of the group of tanks is 30.45 sq. km and the area of the catchment intercepted by

the upper tank is 24.85 sq.km.

It is decided to store water in the tank to a level of +12.00m above M.S.L, limiting the

submersion of fore share lands up to a level of 12.75m above M.S.L, the ground level at the

proposed site of work is +11.00m, and ground level below the proposed surplus slopes 1:4 till it

reaches +10.00m in about 6m distance.

The tank bund has a top width of 2m at level +14.50 with 2:1 side slopes on either side. The

tank bunds are designed for a saturation gradient of 4:1 with one meter clear over. The foundations

are hard gravel at a level of 9.5 meters near the site of work.

(Assume Ryve‟s coefficient as 9 and modified coefficient as 1.50).

OR

4) Design a syphon aquaduct (Type IV) for the following data :

Discharge of canal = 60 cumecs

Bed width of canal = 35m

Bed level of canal = + 150.0m

Full supply level of canal = +152.0m

Top width of bund = 5m

Side slopers of canal = 1V : 2H

Bed level of drain = +148m

High flood level of drain = 150.5 m

General level of ground is at +150.0m

Hard soil is available at +147m

Assume any other data suitably

Draw to a suitable scale the longitudinal sectional elevation along the barrel.

(DCE 414)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - IV : Environmental Engineering - II


Answer question No.1 is compulsory (15)


1) a) Write two differences between sewage & sewerage.

b) State the factors affecting storm water sewage.

c) What is meant by inverted syphons.

d) What is Sullage?

e) Explain storm water regulators.

f) State various methods of aeration.

g) Write the factors affecting sludge digestion.

h) State the necessity of screens.

i) What is sludge conditioning?

j) Write the zones of pollution of river.

k) What is Incineration?

l) What is Diffused air system?

m) Define Man hole.

n) What is a Grit chamber?

o) What do you mean by sludge bulking?

UNIT - I

2) a) Explain the types of sewers? Write the precautions to be taken while designing of sewers? (8)

b) Write short notes on maintenance of sewers. (7)

OR

3) a) Write short notes on : (8)

i) Sanitation. ii) Conservancy.

iii) Grease and oil traps. iv) Street inlets.

b) What are the factors affecting storm water sewage? Explain the determination of quantity of

storm water sewage. (7)

UNIT - II

4) a) What is decomposition of sewage? Explain sulphur cycle of decomposition. (7)

b) What is a septic tank? Explain the design factors to be considered for a septic tank. (8)

OR

5) a) Explain Grit chamber in detail with a neat sketch? (8)

b) Write about physical and chemical analysis of sewage. (7)

UNIT - III

6) a) What is organic loading? What are the various parameters for organic loading? (8)

b) Explain in detail about self purification process. (7)

OR

7) a) Write short notes on : (8)

i) Trickling filters ii) Sludge bulcking

iii) Sewage sickness iv) Disposal by dilution

b) Write the objectives and methods of sewage disposal. (7)

UNIT - IV

8) a) What is sludge digestion? Write the stages of sludge digestion and explain each of them. (7)

b) Write in detail about the qualities and characteristics of solid waste management. (8)

OR

9) a) Explain about various methods of sludge disposal. (7)

b) Write short notes on : (8)

i) Pyrolysis.

ii) Sanitary land fill.

iii) Sludge thickening.

iv) Characteristics of sewage sludge.

(DCE 415)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - V : Estimation & Valuation


Answer question No. 1 compulsory (15 x 1 = 15)

Answer ONE question from each unit (4 x 15 = 60)

1) a) What is muster role?

b) What is carpet area?

c) Define estimating.

d) Define salvage value.

e) What is Annuity?

f) Define Mortgage.

g) Define toothing and bonding.

h) Define sinking fund.

i) List out the methods of estimating cost depreciation.

j) Explain Net income.

k) What are municipal taxes?

l) Define contract document.

m) What do you mean by technical sanction?

n) Write note on a administrative approval?

o) Define gross rent?

UNIT – I

2) a) Explain individual wall method with a suitable example?

b) Briefly explain the main items of works in estimation and degree of accuracy in estimating.

OR

3) a) Explain the various methods of estimating?

b) Calculating the quantity of brick work in a segmental arch of 2.50 m span, 60 cm rise and 35

cm thick. The breadth of the wall is 35 cm.

UNIT – II

4) Explain briefly earthwork in canals with different cases.

OR

5) Estimate the quantity of earth work in cutting and banking for an irrigation canal.

Details of irrigation canal is as follows :

Bed width = 4m

Top width of left bank = 3m

Side slopes in cutting 1:1

Side slopes of both banks 1½ : 1

Height of bank from the bed = 2.55m

L. Slope of the bed is 1 in 4000m

There is no Traverse Slope of the bed and the ground levels at 6 Consecutive Stations at 50 m

intervals are as given below :

R.L of bed level at station 1 = 98.00

Station 1 2 3 4 5 6

RL of GL 100 100.30 100.55 100.60 99.60 99.00

UNIT – III

6) Workout the unit rates for the following items of work.

a) Coarsed rubble stone masonry in CM (1:6) for the basement of a building.

b) Brick masonry in CM (1:8) with II class bricks for the super structure.

c) Plastering in CM (1:6) 12mm thick.

d) Cement Concrete 1:4:8 in foundation.

OR

7) a) Calculate the rate for 10m3 of coarsed rubble masonry in foundation in cement Mortar (1:6).

b) What do you understand about the bar bending and what factors plays major roll in the case

of bar bending?

UNIT – IV

8) a) Explain the various elements of cost with necessary examples.

b) What do you mean by depreciation? Explain any three methods of calculating depreciation.

OR

9) Explain the following :

a) Wealth Tax.

b) Price and value.

c) Plinth Area estimate.

d) Cash book.

e) Technical Sanction.

(DCE 416 A)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - VI : Pre stressed Concrete


Answer question No.1 compulsory (15 × 1 = 15)


1) a) What is the basic principle of pre stressed concrete?

b) What are the losses in pre stressed concrete?

c) What is an anchor?

d) What is the necessity of using high strength concrete and high tensile steel in pre stressed

concrete?

e) Define creep.

f) What is „load balancing concept‟?

g) Give formula for loss due to creep in creep coefficient method.

h) What is the condition for pressure line for load balancing?

i) What is „de-bonding‟?

j) What is meant by „limiting zone‟?

k) What is „transmission length‟?

l) What is an end block?

m) What is a „tendon‟?

n) What is “Effective Reinforcement Ratio”?

o) State any two important factors influencing deflections.

UNIT – I

2) a) What are the advantages of pre stressed concrete over reinforced concrete? (5)

b) Describe in detail any one method of post tensioning. (5)

c) Explain the assumptions in the analysis of pre stressed concrete. (5)

OR

3) A pre stressed concrete beam 250 mm wide and 360 mm deep has a span of 12 m. The beam is pre

stressed by steel wires of area 350 mm2 provided at a uniform eccentricity of 60 mm with an initial

pre stress of 1250 N/mm2. Determine the % of stress in the wires if the beam is (a) pre-tensioned

(b) post - tensioned. (15)

1. Parameter 2. Pre-tensioned 3. Post-tensioned

4. ES

5. EC

6. Ultimate creep strain

7. Shrinkage

8. Relaxation

9. Anchorage slip 1.25

10.

11. 210 kN/mm2

12. 35 kN/mm2

13. 45 × 10-6

14. 300 × 10-6

15. 5%

16. --

17. 210 kN/mm2

18. 35 kN/mm2

19. 22 × 10-6

20. 215 × 10-6

21. 5%

22. 1.25

UNIT - II

4) A Post-tensioned girder of 20 m span has a symmetrical I-section with the following details :

Flanges : 750 mm × 200 mm

Web : 300 mm × 800 mm

It has a parabolic cable line with eccentricities equal to 500 mm, -200 mm and -200 mm at mid

span and at the two ends. At the initial stage, the pre stressing force is 3,780 kN and the dead load

is 17.08 kN/m inclusive of self weight. At the final stage, the pre stressing force reduces to 3,240

kN and the total load is 50.16 kN/m. Determine the extreme fibre stresses at mid span section at

the initial and final stages. (15)

OR

5) A rectangular concrete beam 150 mm × 400 mm is simply supported over a span of 8 m and is

pre stressed by a symmetrical parabolic cable with an eccentricity of 100 mm at mid span. If the

pre stressing force is 350 kN and fck = 40 N/mm2, Calculate :

a) Deflection at mid span due to pre stress and self weight and

b) The concentrated load that is required to restore it to the level of supports. (8 + 7 = 15)

UNIT - III

6) a) What are the service ability limit states? Discuss briefly the IS : 1343 code recommendations

regarding service ability limit states. (8)

b) What are the preliminary design considerations to be considered in case of elastic design of

pre stressed concrete sections for flexure. (7)

OR

7) A pre stressed concrete T-beam is to be designed to support an imposed load of 4.4 kN/m over a

span of 5 m. The T-beam is made up of flange of size 400 mm × 40 mm. The rib is 100 mm wide

and 200 mm deep. If the allowable stress is limited to 15 MPa and 0.75 MPa in compression and

tension respectively, determine the required pre stressing force and its eccentricity at mid span

section. (15)

UNIT - IV

8) Explain in detail :

a) Guyon‟s Method (8)

b) Magnel‟s Method (7)

OR

9) Design the shear reinforcement for a pre stressed concrete beam of size 440 mm × 1300 mm

carrying a pre stressing force of 3300 kN located at an eccentricity of 360 mm. The area of pre

stressing steel is 3000 mm2. The grade of concrete is M 35 and the characteristic strength of the

pre stressing steel is 2000 MPa and effective pre stress is 1100 MPa. Ultimate shear force over the

section considered is 650 kN and the ultimate bending moment is 950 kNm. (15)

(DCE 416 B)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year)

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - VI : Structural Dynamics




1) a) Define analytical model.

b) Define mass moment of inertia.

c) What do you mean by static degree of freedom?

d) State D-Alembert‟s principle.

e) Define time period.

f) What is critical damping?

g) Define amplitude of motion.

h) Mention the characteristics of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM).

i) State the principle of virtual work.

j) What is transmissibility and write its equation.

k) What is Rayleigh method.

l) When impulsive loading is applied in response to general dynamic loading.

m) What is meant by coupled stiffness matrix?

n) Explain harmonic forced excitation.

o) Write the relationship between stiffness and flexibility matrices.

UNIT - I

2) A steel beam, simply supported has a span of 0.5 m. The cross-section is 50 mm wide and 5 mm

deep. This is connected at mid span by means of a spring having a stiffness of 50 N/mm and a load

of 1.5 kN is applied at the other end of the spring. Determine the natural frequency of the system.

Take E = 2.1 × 105 N/mm

2. (15)

OR

3) A vibrating system consists of mass of 200 kg. The spring stiffness is 600 N/cm and damper with

a damping coefficient of 6 N.cm-1

sec. Determine damping factor and the natural frequency of

damped vibration. (15)

UNIT - II

4) Explain briefly the following with the help of neat sketches.

a) Undamped Harmonic Excitation. (7½)

b) Damped Harmonic Excitation. (7½)

OR

5) Define Impulsive loading and Duhamel‟s Integral. Explain how do you numerically evaluate

Duhamel‟s integral for an undamped system. (15)

UNIT - III

6) Determine the natural frequency of vibration of a cantilever beam with a concentrated mass at its

end when the distributed mass is taken into account. The beam has a total mass „mb‟ and length „l‟.

The flexural rigidity of the beam is EI and the concentrated mass at its end is m. (15)

OR

7) a) Explain briefly the generalized single degree of freedom system of a rigid body. (8)

b) Describe briefly the Rayleigh‟s method. (7)

UNIT - IV

8) Define shear building. Derive stiffness equations to 3-storey shear building and write the important

assumption made in the analysis. (15)

OR

9) What are the generalized co-ordinates. Explain how do you obtain them for an Single Degree of

Freedom (SDOF) system by considering an example of a rigid body. (15)

(DCE 416 C)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - VI : Finite Element Analysis




1) Write briefly on :

a) What is variational method.

b) What is the basic concept involved in the finite element method.

c) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of FEM over classical methods.

d) Define Discretisation.

e) Define natural coordinates.

f) Define stiffness matrix.

g) What is geometric variance.

h) Write the importance of isoparametric formulation.

i) What is the principle of minimum potential energy.

j) List the advantages of finite element method.

k) Define bar element and truss element.

l) Differentiate between CST and QST elements.

m) Differentiate between global coordinates and local coordinates.

n) Why patch test is used in finite element analysis.

o) Write any two applications of FEM in CIVIL ENGINEERING.

UNIT - I

2) a) Explain the concept of FEM briefly and outline the procedures. (7)

b) Give strain displacement relations in case of a three dimensional elasticity problem upto : (8)

i) Accuracy of linear terms only

ii) Accuracy of quadratic terms.

OR

3) a) Explain the convergence and compatibility requirements of a displaced functions. (6)

b) The element shown in Figure 1 is subjected to a temperature change of 10ºC. It has

coefficient of thermal expansion, = 7 × 10-6

cm/cmoC. The thickness of the element is 2

cm, Poisson‟s ratio is 0.3 and E = 200 Gpa. Find the load due to temperature change. Assume

plane stress condition. (9)

UNIT - II

4) Determine the stiffness matrix, stresses and reactions in the truss structure as shown in figure 2. (15)

OR

5) For the isoparametric quadrilateral elements as shown in Figure 3 determine local co-ordinates of

the point Q which has Cartesian coordinates (15)

UNIT - III

6) a) Compare between lumped loads and consistent loads. (5)

b) Write briefly on Gauss elimination and matrix decomposition. (10)

OR

7) A two dimensional plate as shown in the following figure (4) is subjected to a linearly varying

load. Analyse the problem using CST elements. (15)

E = 2.1 × 1012

N/m2, Poissons Ratio () 0.35

UNIT – IV

8) Determine the stiffness matrix and the deflection at the centre of the simply supported beam of

length 2.5 m. A 150 kN of load is acting at the centre of the beam and an uniformly distributed

load of 10 kN/m throughout the length. Take Flexural Rigidity „EI‟ as 900 × 103N.m

2. (15)

OR

9) Explain briefly the following : (3 × 5 = 15)

a) Discretisation of structure.

b) Mesh refinement Vs High order element.

c) Coordinate system in FEM.

(DCE 421)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - I : Advanced Design of Structures



UNIT – I

1) An R.C. Intz-type water tank supported on six columns is required to store 2,00,000 litres of

water. Design the Intz type water tank with the following data :

Height of staging above ground level = 12 mts.

SBC = 150 kN/m2

Basic wind pressure = 2 kN/m2

Use M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel.

OR

2) Design a circular tank of capacity 1,60,000 litres. The depth of tank is limited to 3.0 metres. The

tank is resting on rigid base. The materials used are M25 grade and Fe 415 steel. Assume = 0.

Adopt of I.S. method of design.

UNIT - II

3) a) Describe briefly the main components of concrete bridge structure with a help of neat sketches.

b) List out the various loads, forces and stresses to be considered while designing road bridges

and explain in detail any four (two forces, two loads) among them.

OR

4) Design a reinforced concrete slab culvert for a national highway to suit the following :

a) Carriage way : Two lane (7.5 m wide)

b) Foot paths : 1.2 m on either side.

c) Clear span = 5.5 m

d) Leading IRC class AA tracked vehicle Use M20 grade concrete and Fe 415 steel.

UNIT - III

5) Design a T-beam bridge for the following data :

Clear width of roadway = 7 m

Span centre of centre of bearings = 16 m

Live load = one lane of class AA or two lanes of class A loading

Average thickness of wearing coat = 8 cm

Use M20 concrete fordeck slab and M15 concrete for Beams. Take unit weight of concrete as 24000

N/m3.

OR

6) Explain in detail the following with the help of neat sketches.

a) Pigeaud‟s Method for computation of slab moments.

b) Courbon‟s method for computation of moments in girders.

UNIT – IV

7) Design a pier for the following data :

Superstructure : Simply supported T-beam of 22.3m span

Foundation : Well foundation

Dimensions : As shown in Fig.1

Dead load from each span : 2450 kN

Reaction due to live load on one span = 900 kN

Maximum mean velocity of current = 3.6 m/sec.

Material for plan : Cement concrete M20 grade

Live load : IRC class AA (or) class A whichever produces serve effect.

Only the straight portion of the pier will be considered in design.

It is required to check the adequacy of the dimensions.

Dimensions of pier

OR

8) Design a central pier for the following data :

Superstructure = T – beam bridge 25 m span.

Foundation = Well foundation

Dead load from each span = 2500 kN

Mean velocity of flowing water =1000 kN

Materials = 2.75 mps

Design straight length of pier.

UNIT – V

9) a) Distinguish between expansion and fixed bearings.

b) What are the general requirements that make electrometric bearings the most ideal for

bridges?

OR

10) Write in a detailed manner about the various types of foundations for bridges.

(DCE 422)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper – II : Construction Management


Answer question No. 1 compulsory (15)


1) a) Define activity.

b) Define critical activity.

c) What is scheduling?

d) Define equity.

e) Define indirect cost.

f) State the difference between direct cost and indirect cost.

g) Write a note on fault free analysis.

h) What are dummies?

i) What do you mean by business cycle?

j) What is payback period?

k) Expand MIS.

l) What is a bond?

m) Define slack.

n) What is meant by float?

o) What is a mile chart?

Unit - I

2) a) Discuss in brief the main causes of project failure.

b) Define scheduling. Explain the methods of scheduling in detail.

OR

3) a) Explain the method of preparing bar charts with help of suitable example.

b) What are the short comings of bar chart.

Unit – II

4) a) Drawing the network – describe it.

b) Draw an event diagram for the following data and number it using Fulkerson‟s rule.

Events : A B CD E F G HIJ

Followed by : BC, D, EGFF, H, I HH, I IJ–

OR

5) a) Differentiate between PERT and CPM network.

b) Discuss various rules of providing dummies in a net work. What are the redundant dummies

Unit – III

6) What are the objectives of material management?

OR

7) Explain in detail : Material procurement, stores management.

Unit – IV

8) a) What is quality assurance and explain its techniques?

b) Explain about safety budgeting and safety information system.

OR

9) Explain the following :

a) Communication tools for construction field.

b) Business cycle.

c) Discounted cash flow analysis.

(DCE 423)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - III : Transportation Engineering - II




1) a) What is coning of wheels?

b) What is tongue length?

c) What is gradient compensation?

d) List out the methods to reduce wear.

e) What are the functions of sleepers?

f) Define point and crossing.

g) What is station yard?

h) What are fish plates?

i) List out the different imaginary surfaces.

j) What is an apron?

k) Write two characteristics of Air-Craft.

l) Give the classification of obstructions.

m) What are composite break waters?

n) What are roaring rails?

o) What is dry dock?

Unit - I

2) a) Draw a neat sketch of coning of wheels explaining the theory and advantages of coning.

b) What is Ballast? What are the functions of Ballast. Also, specify the requirements of good

Ballast?

OR

3) a) Write a detailed note on classification of sleepers in railways.

b) Write a note on speeds on curves in case of railways.

Unit – II

4) a) Draw a line diagram of fixed heel type of switch explaining the function of its component

parks?

b) How are railway stations classified?

OR

5) a) Write a note on negative super elevation.

b) What is signalling? Classify the different types of singnals based on their functions.

Unit – III

6) a) Explain the advantages of aircraft when compared with other modes of transport.

b) Enumerate the various factors which you would keep in view while selecting the suitable

site for an airport.

OR

7) a) Explain the different items considered in the geometric design of runways?

b) What is wind rose? Explain the two types of wind rose diagrams with sketches.

Unit – IV

8) a) Define dredging. Explain the reasons for its adoption. How is the dredged material disposal

off?

b) What is light house? How is it constructed?

OR

9) a) Draw a neat sketch of harbour indicating all the components.

b) Explain with sketches various navigational aids.

(DCE 424 B)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - IV : Advanced Environmental Engineering



Answer any ONE question from each unit (4 x 15 = 60)

1) a) State any two characteristics of the treatment plant effluents.

b) Write any two impacts of air pollution?

c) What is “Eutrophication”?

d) What is symbiosis?

e) When do you get a „Looping plume‟?

f) What is importance of scrubbers?

g) Define stream water and its preparation.

h) What is principle of E.S.P?

i) What is difference between music and noise?

j) What are Aerosols?

k) Define Dissolved Oxygen?

l) Give the names of different type‟s of BOD.

m) Explain the sanitation?

n) What is “DALR”?

o) State Streeter – Phelp‟s formula?

Unit - I

2) a) Explain the self purification in a stream. [8]

b) Briefly explain the effect of stream water pollutant‟s on flora. [7]

OR

3) a) Write a short note the following : [8]

i) Oxidation ditch.

ii) Aerated lagoons.

iii) Stabilization pond‟s

b) Based on what principle, does an oxidation pond functions? [7]

Unit – II

4) a) With a neat flow diagram, explain the sources and characteristics of sugar mill wastes. [8]

b) Differentiate between „EQUALIZATION‟ and „NEUTRALIZATION‟ citing suitable examples [7]

OR

5) a) With a neat flow diagram explain the sources and characteristics of pulp and paper industry. [8]

b) Explain indetail about any one method of the treatment and disposal of dairy industry. [7]

Unit – III

6) a) Describe “Biological Nitrification”? [8]

b) Explain the working of U tube aeration system. [7]

OR

7) a) State how plant‟s are affected because of air pollutants? [8]

b) Explain the effect‟s of air pollution on [7]

i) Human health.

ii) Economic effect‟s

Unit – IV

8) a) Write a short note on following : [8]

i) Inertial separators.

ii) Fitters.

b) Describe the function‟s of Bag filters? [7]

OR

9) Distinguish between : [15]

a) Fabric and fibrous fitters.

b) Single stage and two-stage precipitators.

(DCE 424 F)



CIVIL ENGINEERING

Paper - IV : Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretion


Answer question No. 1 compulsory (15 x 1 = 15)


1) a) What is the principle of Remote sensing?

b) Give the classification of sensors.

c) What is MSS?

d) Explain the term „atmospheric windows‟.

e) What is photogrammetry?

f) Differentiate between spectral resolution and spatial resolution.

g) What is LIDAR?

h) What is geo-stationary satellite? Name the latest geo-stationary satellite.

i) What is Spatial Data?

j) Define spectral signature.

k) What is DEM? List out its uses.

l) How do you classify land use? List the units of land use.

m) Define thematic mapper (TM).

n) What is the importance of interpretation key?

o) Define GIS? When do you use GIS?

UNIT - I

2) a) Write a brief note on electromagnetic spectrum. [8]

b) Explain about black body radiation. [7]

OR

3) a) Explain various features of thematic mapper (TM) and compare with other sensors. [8]

b) Explain about Air borne platforms. [7]

UNIT – II

4) a) State the importance of Aerial photogrammetry. [5]

b) Discuss the needs and procedures of collecting role of ground truth in remote sensing. [10]

OR

5) a) What are the differences between visual and digital interpretation procedure. [8]

b) Write in detail about digital image processing (DIP). [7]

UNIT – III

6) a) How do you apply Remote sensing for digital analysis of satellite data for planning of

transport routes. [8]

b) Discuss the role of Remote sensing in building up the National economy of our country? [7]

OR

7) a) What is land use planning? Explain the use of remote sensing images in urban planning? [8]

b) Write about spectral signature for vegetation, water bodies and soils. [7]

UNIT – IV

8) a) Explain how do we use remote sensing in waste land management. [7]

b) What should be the temporal resolution of the remote sensing data in the study of forest

cover changes? Justify your answer. [8]

OR

9) a) Explain in detail the different stages of GIS data Modelling. [8]

b) Differentiate between layer based GIS mapping and feature based GIS mapping. [7]

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