Parnassia Bavo GroepCampaign for prevention

Anne Bijleveld

Programma

QuizBreakDrugs, parenting and pubertyTips

QUIZ

Experimenting with drugs and alcohol is just a part of puberty. We

shouldn't worry about it so much.True False

Drinking alcohol now and then

14 year old boys and girls who have tried alcohol Percentage of drunken youths

Alcohol use by age94929087

80

50

71

83

62

70

78

43

19

31

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

BO

12jr.

13jr.

14jr.

15jr.

16jr.

17jr./

18jr.

everusedrecentuse

Smoking by age63

6055

49

35

11

23

30

20

2832

12

16

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

BO

12jr.

13jr.

14jr.

15jr.

16jr.

17jr./

18jr.

everusedrecentuse

Cannabis use by age

2,10,6

7

19

25

34

44

0,73

16

129

18

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

BO

12jr.

13jr.

14jr.

15jr.

16jr.

17jr./

18jr.

ever usedrecent use

XTC use by age7,6

5,7

4

1,9

1 0,7

22,2

2,8

0,50,3 0,4

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

12jr.

13jr.

14jr.

15jr.

16jr.

17jr./

18jr.

ever usedrecent use

Valium is drugs.

True False

Definition of drugs

Drugs are substances

that have a influence on the human consciousness

And are being used for that reason

(van Epen)

Alcohol has a stimulating effect.

True False

Classification by effectDowners Uppers HallucinatingAlcoholCannabisOpiates-heroine-morfine-methadonTranquilizers-valium-libriumGHB

Wekaminen-speed-(meth)amfetamineCocaineXTCEphedraAnti depressiva

XTCCannabisLSDPsylocibine/Psylocin

e-mushroomsKetamineSniff

substances( dosis)

-poppers- glue

The possession of maximum 5 grams of cannabis is legal in The Netherlands.

True False

Classification by lawAct I Act II Medicin LegalIllegal Semi-illegal

XTCSpeedHeroïneCocaïneOpiumLSD

CannabisGHB

TranquilizersAnti-depressivaRitalinValiumGHBCannabis

AlcoholCoffeeTobaccoPainkillersSmartproductsSmartdrugs

People who start smoking cannabis will probably get addicted to it.

True False

acquaintance

experimenting

social

use

regular

use

excessive

use

addiction

stop

stop

stopstable

stopstablestopstable

stopstable

Phases of usage

Addiction

Physical dependence

• Toleration: you need more of the same drug to get the same effect.

• Abstenance: If you stop with the drugs your body responds to that.

Addiction

Mental dependence

• Preoccupation syndrome• Usage syndrome• Abnegation syndrome• Recognition syndrome

A ‘black out’ from alcohol use is a brain disorder.

True False

statement

Alcohol

Name:• Ethylalcohol/ethanol

Usage:• Drink

Alcohol effects

Global effect:• Downer• It numbs your brain

Desired effect:• Cheerful• Easy contact• Relaxation

Duration of effect: 1 ½ hour per consumption

Alcohol risksShort term:

• Nausea / vomit• Black out• Unsafe sex• Drunk driving• violence

Long term:• Dysfunction of organs • Cancer• Korsakov syndrome• Social problems• Brain damage• Disturbed hormone balance• Bone loss

Susan Tapert, University of California, San Diego 2001

Brain damage

How do you know whether your child is drinking

Signs of alcohol use

Breath smells of alcoholspeaking disorders / Motor skill disordersperspiration /vomitingeuphoria or depressionNoisy, having more courageInebriation can be different depending on the person: being quiet, arguing, apologising,aggressive behaviour, sexually unrestrained, sentimentalMonday morning school absencegoing out every weekendbragging about alcohol use

There is more tar in a joint than in a normal There is more tar in a joint than in a normal cigarette.cigarette.

True false

Cannabis sattiva

Name:• THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)

Usage:• Smoke (blowen)• Eat (spacecake)• Drink (tea/soup)

Cannabis effects

Global effect:• Downer• Hallucinating (time and space)

Desired effect:• Relaxation• More sensible senses

Duration of effect: 4 – 8 hours

Cannabis risksShort term:

• Nausea• Dizziness• Fear• Depression

Long term:• Forgetfulness• Concentration problems• Brain damage• Depression• Lethargy• Damage to respiratory system• Psychosis• delayed development

Signs of cannabis useEuphoria; uncontrollable convulsions of laughterFood cravingsintroverted behaviourlethargicforgetfulness (while speaking)thirstyfeeling heavy in the limbs: stonedred eyes, shunning the light, smell of cannabispictures of cannabis leaves on clothes etc.merging into a sub culturetalking about cannabis

Energy drinks are drugs.

True false

Energydrinks

Name:• Cafeïne• Taurine• Guarana

Use:• Drinking

Status:• Legal

Effecten

Global effect:- Stimulating

Desired effect:- Feeling awake

Duration of effect : - 5 tot 12 uur

risks

Short term• nausea • palpitations• dehydration

Long term:• exhaustion• loss of weight / gain weight• tooth Erosion

You can predict the effect of an XTC-pill by the logo, the taste, the color and the shape.

True false

XTC

Name:• MDMA (methyleendioximethamfetamine)

Usage:• Pills, powders

(swallow)

XTC effects

Global effect:• Stimulating• Hallucinating

Desired effect:• Increased energy level• The ‘love-feeling’

Duration of effect: 4 – 6 hours

XTC risks

Short term:• Over stimulation• Water poisoning• Suicide Tuesday

Long term:• Damage to liver and kidneys• Damage to brains (!?)• Depression (serotonin syndrome)

People can get physically addicted to cocaine

True False

Cocaine

Name:• Cocaine

Usage:• Powder sniff / swallow / smoke /

Cocaine effects

Global effect:• Stimulating

Desired effect:• More energy• More self-confidence

Duration of effect: 30-45 minutes

Cocaine risks

Short term:• Damage to the heart• Aggression (in combination with alcohol)

Long term:• Paranoia• Loss of weight• Exhaustion• Change of personality• Heart damage

Speed works longer than cocaine.

True False

Speed (amphetamines)

Name:• Wekamines

Usage:• Swallow (pills, powder)• Sniff• Inject

Speed effects

Global effect:• Stimulating

Desired effect:• More energy• Better concentration• More self-confidence

Duration of effect: 5 tot 8 hours

Speed risksShort term:

• Heart problems• Over heating• Psychotic symptoms

Long term:• Paranoia• Exhaustion• Loss of weight• Bone loss and tooth erosion• Pimples and perspiration

The combination of GHB and alcohol can be life-threatening

True False

GHB

Name:• Gammahydroxibutyraat

Usage:• Drink (powder/liquid)

GHB effects

Global effect:• Accurate dose: physically (sexually) stimulating• A bit higher dose: sleep /narcotic

Desired effect:• More energy (sexual) excitation

Duration of effect: 1-3 hours

GHB risks

Short term:• Nausea / vomiting • Sleep• Unconsciousness • Coma + =• Choke in vomit• Hypothermia

Long term:• Addiction

The use of psychadelic mushrooms is very dangerous

True False

Hallucinating drugs

Names:• LSD, cactus, mushrooms

Usage:• Paper trip (LSD)• Eat• Drink

Trip effects

Global effect:• Hallucinating

Desired effect:• Changed experience of time and space

Duration of effect: 8 – 24 hours

Trip risks

Short and long term:• Fears / panic / psychoses• Flashback• Changes perception• Bad trip

Signs of drug use or alcohol abuse

Reduced performances at schoolReduced concentration Skipping school and or missing appointmentsHanging around with (new) friends who drink or use drugsUnwilling to talk about friends, school or activities Being less motivated and less activeBeing less interested in hobbies Interested in drugs culture (movies, artist, clothes)Hostile when parents want to talk about drugsPhysical problems

Casus

Your 14 year old child wants to go to a birthday party this weekend. Everyone will stay there for the night and your child would like to sleep over as well. You don’t know the child who is throwing the party very well.

How will you react?

How well do you know the acquaintances ofyour child?What kind of agreements can you make with your child?How can you make sure your child will follow these rules

Your 14 year old child wants to go to a birthday party this weekend. Everyone will stay there for the night and your child would like to sleep over as well. You don’t know the child who is throwing the party very well.

Experiencing the world

Adolescents

Identity development

Short term/at present

Excessive is tough

Adults

Health understanding

Long term/future

Excessive is negative

Influence of peers

Opinion of peers is very importantKnow what your child is up to, where and with whoKnow the parents of your child's friends.Explain to your child what kind of behaviour you expect from him/her when he or she is with friends

Influence of parents

You have more influence then you think!Adolescents need and want structure.While growing up and experimenting rules are necessary.

advice

Do not give your child alcohol or drugsat homeDo not buy alcohol for your child.Do not negotiate.Remember that you are a role model

Your child has gone to the party and tells you afterwards that there were alcoholic drinks and that he drank some. The parents were there so he thought it would be ok.

Your child has gone to the party and tells you afterwards that there were alcoholic drinks and that he drunk some.

The parents where there so he thought it would be ok.

How will you react?How can you make agreements with other parents?How will you react when your child is not obeying the rules?

Tips for rules

Make clear rulesBe on time. Set up rules before your child starts experimenting.Also set rules when your child is already using.Let your child know the punishment in case your child is violating the rules.Also set rules for situations when you re not there (holidays, with family)

WhatWhat cancan youyou do before do before youryour childchild starts starts experimentingexperimenting??

Do not be afraid to talk about itDo not be afraid to talk about itBe a good role modelBe a good role modelStimulate Stimulate independenceindependencestimulate stimulate selfself--confidenceconfidenceTeach your child to deal with troublesTeach your child to deal with troublesMake up rulesMake up rules

What can you do while your child is experimenting?

Know about the different drugs and alcohol and Know about the different drugs and alcohol and their effects and riskstheir effects and risksTalk!Talk!Understand the necessityUnderstand the necessity of curiosityKeep on giving attentionKeep on giving attentionSet rules and boundariesSet rules and boundariesTry to avoid boredomTry to avoid boredom

Thank you for your attention

Take the list with tips and advice with youCourses for parents

More information

www.drugsweb.nl

www.uwkindenalcohol.nl

www.alcoholinfo.nl

Anne Bijlevelda.bijleveld@parnassiabavogroep.nl

Parnassia Bavo Groep, afdeling preventieLijnbaan 42512 VA DEN HAAG070 – 391 81 91