Shaharniza Binti Bujang Saili

Arabic Discourse AnalysisBBA5202

GS45572

CRITICAL DISCOURSE

ANALYSISTHEORY AND INTERDISCIPINARY

EDITED BY : GILBERT AND RUTH WODAK

PUBLISHER- PALGRAVE MACMILLAN

CONCEPT OF THEORY•Going beyond a mere description and making it

possible to substantiate•Re-construct the object of theory as well as to

establish causal relation between specific phenomena• For instance : “understanding” and “explaining”

Concept of theory

• Explaining (eklaren) -

• Understanding (verstehen) -Wilhelm Dilthey-

Different between:

•Natural science•Social science (humanities & human science)

THEORY REQUIREMENT -KARL POPPER-

Need not to be verifiableSolve more problem than any alternative theory

Must have subject to test

Must have passed them successfully

Opposite point, generally Philosophy did not accept any theory unless it was verifiable

INTERELATIONS OF PROBLEM, THEORY, AND RELEVANCE

-ALFRED SCHUTZ-• NOT ALL INDEPENDENT FROM ONE ANOTHER BUT

DIRECTLY INTERRELATED• THE INTERRELATION DETERMINE EVERY THEORETICAL

STUDIES • FOR A PROBLEM-ORIENTED AND REFLEXIVE APPROACH

SUCH AS DISCOURSE ANALYSIS THIS DIFFERENTIATION OF RELEVANCE LEVEL

Problem Theory Relevance

Form of relevanc

e

Thematic R Interpretations R

Motivational R

According to Schutz Thematic Relevance (TR) characterized by the fact that the study topic :

“ to make an object a problem ”

Mean nothing else than to conceive as it questionable

Any interruption or modification which necessitates discontinuing the idealizations of ‘and so on’ and ‘again and again,’

Form of relevanc

e

Thematic R Interpretations R

Motivational R

According to Schutz :

Deals with question

“ something to do” with the thematic objet (problem)

The relevance of a specific method is decided on this level

Form of relevanc

e

Thematic R Interpretations R

Motivational R

According to Schutz :

Focus on the question – problematic possibilities

“at what point should I content myself with the finding of the study”

Distinguish between “in order to” and “because” motives

After having made the choice of the dominant object to be realized, all other motivational will be experienced as imposed

DEVELOP INTEGRATED THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Clarification of the basic theoretical assumption

Development of conceptual tools

Define of categories-to denote specific phenomena

CORNERSTONE OF CDADISCOURSE, IDEOLOGY,

AND POWER• Root of CDA lie in classical rhetoric, text linguistics and

socio-linguistic as well as in applied linguistic and pragmatic.• Relation between power, hierarchy, gender, and

sociological variable relevant for explain and interpretation of text.• Prominent issue : organization – gender – racism – media

discrimination - political –• Aim of CDA is to investigate critically social inequality

INTERDISCIPLINARY-KNAP AND LANDWEER-

1. A historical argument – clear differentiation and specialization of individual. - To solve individual problem very accurately and comprehensively

2. An argument related to the sociology- Competition and careers often determine the progress in individual

sectors of traditional canons of discipline

3. An epistemological argument- Theory formation and validation increasingly prove in constructing

new knowledge

4. Argument relating to the content- Cooperative and interdisciplinary research project become more

important –the more social relations are

5. Political argument - Critical thinking and acritical practise point to new forms organization as well as application of knowledge