Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 1 Project number: 030 Project acronym: BalticSupply Project title: Interregional SME Supply Clusters along the Northeast Corridor Dissemination level: Public Document date: 20/04/2011 Output number: BalticSupply_Output_3.2.1.MARITIME_Final Document title: MARITIME Interregional Supply Market Report Work package: 3 Task: T3.2 Status & version: final Number of pages: 24 Responsible: PP 13 Enterprise Lithuania Author: Gediminas Rickevičius Other Contributors: Baltic Supply Project Partners Keywords: Abstract:
Transcript
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 1
Project number: 030
Project acronym: BalticSupply
Project title: Interregional SME Supply Clusters along the Northeast Corridor
Other Contributors: Baltic Supply Project Partners
Keywords:
Abstract:
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 2
Document History
Version. Date Changes Author
Draft Gediminas Rickevičius
Peer Review Gediminas Rickevičius
20/04/2011 Final Version Gediminas Rickevičius
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 3
Introduction
According to the BalticSupply Work Plan the development of interregional SME supply clusters along the Northeast Corridor will focus on 3 clusters of industries:
- Energy and Public Infrastructure
- Health & Food
- Maritime Industries
The 3 clusters have been selected for the following reasons:
- Strong representation and roots in BSR regions and along the Northeast Corridor: Each cluster comprises a number of industries sharing a common theme (i.e. the sea, public needs, and human life) relevant for all BSR regions. Important cross-sectional BSR industries like ITC, electronics are included as sub-sector in each cluster. - Innovation potentials: The clusters of industries offer ample opportunities for innovative SME suppliers, especially in emerging new sub-sectors or in sub-sectors undergoing structural change. Competitive pressure within these clusters and their sub-sectors is intense and innovation is key to SME competitiveness.
- Transnational cooperation is an undetected resource for SME success as suppliers for cluster industries as they are characterised by highly fragmented transnational supply chains (from the primary sector up to services).
- Lisbon Strategy: The 3 clusters of industries are knowledge-driven and innovation-intensive, thereby increasing regional and business competitiveness. - Gothenburg strategy: All 3 clusters of industries are strongly related to sustainability objectives, either through their product portfolio or through processing technologies or through their regulatory framework.
- Baltic Sea Region Programme: Finally all three clusters of industries play an important role in achieving the priority 1 objectives set by the current BSR Programme, e.g. through their business innovation efforts and the big share of SME in the total number of cluster enterprises. Important industries, sub-sectors and innovation areas are covered by the 3 clusters (the following sectoral definitions are to a large extent – based on www.clusterobservatory.eu ):
Energy & Public Infrastructure: Energy Production, Energy Conversion, Energy Distribution, Energy Services, Water Supply, Water Sewage, Waste Management, Environmental technologies, Public Transport, Telecommunication;
Health & Food: Public and private Health Services, Medical technologies, Pharmaceutical industry, Biotechnology, Food Production, Food Processing, Food distribution and trade.
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 4
According to the BalticSupply work Plan WP 3 outputs will be designed as reference documents providing for interregional comparability of information used throughout the project. The 3 “Cluster of Industries Reports” submitted as Outputs O3.1.1, O3.1.2 and O3.1.3 provide data bases – in most cases on the level of all 16 BalticSupply partner regions - on
- Size and main characteristics of the BalticSupply partner regions,
- Representation of the 3 clusters in those regions,
- Most important sub-sectors and main competencies of the 3 clusters,
- Size and economic importance of the 3 clusters,
- SME representation in the 3 clusters,
- the internal structure of the 3 clusters clusters broken down by industries and sub-sectors,
- cluster-related Networks, Cluster and Business Organisations and their Activities,
- representation of the 3 clusters at supra-regional and national level,
- best-practice examples of cluster management organisations,
- cluster-relevant knowledge institutions in Baltic regions and countries,
- important cluster-related national policies and programmes
- the roles, potentials and special support needs of cluster-SMEs.
Reports O3.2.1, O3.2.2 and O3.2.3 are synergy reports based on regional reports elaborated by all project partners. Like the 3 Output reports partner reports and contributions are downloaded on a voluntary basis on the BalticSupply intranet. Output reports and partner reports together with outputs from following WP 3 tasks serve as a common BalticSupply data and knowledge base and will be referred to in further design of the BS Supply Cluster Portal, in proper reflection of regional conditions, cluster characteristics and needs of SMEs wishing to enter interregional supply markets.
This report O3.2.1 is focussed on Maritime industries clusters.
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 5
1.1 Representation of Maritime industries clusters in Baltic Supply partner region .............................. 7
1.2 Specification of maritime industries cluster (industries, subsectors core products and competences) in BalticSupply partner (further BSP) regions ................................................................... 9
1.3 (1.5) Size and importance of MI clusters ............................................................................................ 11
(1.6) SME involvement (degree of involvement, extent of participation in supply chains/exports, innovativeness of the regional cluster SMEs) ........................................................................................... 12
1.5 (1.7) MI OEMs has been indicated and in all BSP regions. (See listed OEMs in regional reports). ........................................................................................................................................................... 12
2. Networks, Cluster and Business Organizations and their Activities in MI clusters in BSP regions. ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.1 Cluster management organizations or similar organizations ........................................................... 12
2.2 Business services available .................................................................................................................. 13
3. Cluster representation at supra-regional and national levels ............................................................. 14
3.3 MI cluster-related knowledge institutions or centers of competence. ............................................. 15
3.4 National MI cluster policies ................................................................................................................... 15
4. Regional SME potential and need .......................................................................................................... 16
Interregional SME Supply Markets ............................................................................................................. 19
1.3 Important markets served by regional Maritime Industries Clusters .............................................. 19
1.4. Possible priority target supply markets for BalticSupply ................................................................. 19
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Name Lithuania (LT) Latvia (LV) Estonia (EE) Pomorske voivodeship/Poland (PL)
Shared services and business process outsourcing (BPO), ICT, Lasers, Biotech, Plastics, Metal processing, machinery and electric equipment, Furniture & wood processing, Textile & clothing, Food, Real estate, Tourism.
Information technologies, chemical and pharmaceutical industries, electronics, mechanical engineering, timber and construction, food processing, textiles, fishery and agriculture.
ICT, electronics, machinery and metalworking, wood processing, logistics/transport and food, biotechnology.
Traditional industries in the region: Maritime industry; Fish processing; Sea transport and logistics; Chemical industry.
Rapidly growing industries in the region: High-tech industries; Logistics; Tourism; Food processing.
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1.1 Representation of Maritime industries clusters in Baltic Supply partner region
Name Bremen region/ Germany (DE)
Southern Denmark /Kolding (DK)
West Sweden/ (SWE) Southwest Finland (FI)
Population
Area
Population: 550,000 (Bremen), 120,000 (Seaport of Bremerhaven)
Area: 400 km².
Population: 1,2 million.
Area: 12.191,2 km².
Population: 1,5 million (Gothenburg region), 236,501 (Kalmar region).
Area: 23,945 km2 (Gothenburg region), 11,171 km2 (Kalmar region).
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 8
Most attractive business sectors in the region
Shipping, logistics and maritime industries, aerospace production, food industry, car-manufacturing, wind energy, offshore oil and gas.
Housing, medico/health and transport, mechatronics, food sector in relation to tourism, energy and environment, off-shore industry.
Gothenburg region: Automotive, Biomedicine, Business & Environment, Food Industry , ICT, Logistics and Transport including shipping, Petrochemicals, Design & Market Communication, Finance.
Kalmar region: Agriculture, Property and insurance, Public services, Trade, Construction, Mining and energy.
Bio, ICT and maritime industries.
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1.2 Specification of maritime industries cluster (industries, subsectors core products and competences) in BalticSupply partner (further BSP) regions
+Navigation (ship monitoring services) ; industrial optics and electronic control and monitoring devices
+
Navigation instruments, Marine hydraulic power systems
ITC +software for ships
Wireless data transmission
Crewing services and training
+ +
Servicing on vessels
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Maritime leisure industry +
Fishing + +
Sector/region Germany Denmark Sweden Finland
Shipping/ +
Shipping
+
shipping
+
Shipping
logistics/transportation , stevedoring
+
logistics
+
cargo
Transportation of passengers
Shipbuilding&repair + +
Shipbuilding (cruise ships)
Electrical engineering/ Electronics
+
Maritime technologies
+
Diesel engines, power stations
+
Equipment, tools
+
engine production
ITC + +
Crewing services and training
+
training
+ +
MI is a mature traditional industry in BSR regions and as the Table 2 illustrates a vast diversity of maritime activities, products and services are available there.
However what concerns core competences there are several common areas that can be identified:
Shipping
Logistic /transportation
Shipbuilding
Electrical engineering/electronics can be mentioned as a subsector that is covered by all regions.
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Most significant competences identified by each BSP regions is as following:
Latvia; Crewing industry; metalworking
Estonia: Transport services (passengers, goods)
Poland: Shipbuilding, production and sale of navigation instruments, ship renovation
What concerns level of clusterization in MI it differs in different BSP countries. In 3 Baltic countries has just started development of MI clusters when in other BSP regions MI clusters are already formed. (see table 3)
Table 3 Existence of clusters
PL LV LT EE DK DE SWE FI
yes
not yet not yet started yes yes yes yes
1.3 (1.5) Size and importance of MI clusters
As it was emphasized in individual reports, MI industry plays a very important role or even is the most dominant industry sector for BSP regions. The regions have long traditions in MI industry (mainly due to proximity of main ports).
Table 4 Number of MI companies in regions
PL LV LT EE DK DE SWE FI
1450 n.a 800 1000 n.a. 1800 n.a. 2900 (country)
4.5 % GDP
3-5% GDP
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(1.6) SME involvement (degree of involvement, extent of participation in supply chains/exports, innovativeness of the regional cluster SMEs)
Table 5
PL LV LT EE DK DE SWE FI
SME involvement
m->l h m l* l h l->m h
Export m h m m h h h h
Innovativeness m l m ->l m h h h h
Participation in supply chains
n.a l h h n.a. h
l-low, m- medium, h- high
Level of internationalization of MI in BS project partner regions is very high, but what concerns SMEs it was indicated that they participate in export usually indirectly - through big regional OEMs (Estonia, Germany).
Level of innovativeness of SMEs very much depends on concentration of OEMs in the region. High level of innovativeness in many cases is driven by tasks and needs of local OEMs (e.g. Germany). Other factor that stimulates innovativeness is existence of regional or national innovation programs and policies. (Denmark).
What concerns MI SME participation in supply chains the role of SMEs is mainly by providing services and subcontracting to bigger OEMs.
1.5 (1.7) MI OEMs has been indicated and in all BSP regions. (See listed OEMs in regional reports).
2. Networks, Cluster and Business Organizations and their Activities in MI clusters in BSP regions.
2.1 Cluster management organizations or similar organizations
Table 6
PL LV LT EE DK
DE SWE FI
Number of MI clusters indicated
1 0 0 2-3 3 1 1 (Maritime cluster in Gotebo
1
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rg)
MI cluster management organizations
- -
- - + WFB Bremen Economic Development Company Ltd.
Business Region Goteborg;
The Regional Council in Kalmar county
Machine Technology Park
Other similar organizations
Department of Economy Development in the Office of Marshal of the Pomorskie vaivodeship
Sectorial associations (7)
Klaipeda Science and Technology Park; CCIC; Associations
Enterprise Estonia
Triple helix
n.a. n.a n.a l h h h h
Majority of BSP partner regions already have established MI clusters, Latvia and Lithuania
is in planning stage of development of MI clusters. Role of cluster initiatives management
institutions in these regions plays sectorial associations, science technology parks,
chambers of commerce.
2.2 Business services available
PL LV LT EE DK DE SWE FI
information
+ + + + + +
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 14
+
networking
+ + + + +
marketing + + + +
Trade fairs
+ + +
portals + +
Project generation
+ + +
management
+ +
Innovation services
Technicon Innovation Fair
Latvian Investment and Development Agency services
Klaipeda Science and Technology Park services
Enterprise Estonia services
Centre for Danish Maritime Technology
Loan based innovation support;
ZIM (national innovation programme for SMEs
Ongoing innovation programmes
All BSP regions have been identified an established network of commercial and public
organizations that provide relevant business services to clusters and companies.
Danish and Swedish regions have a very well developed range of public innovation, export
promotion programs.
3. Cluster representation at supra-regional and national levels
PL LV
LT
EE
DK DE SWE
FI
Other regions with concentration of MI clusters
Pomeranian Maritime and Vistula Catchment Basin cluster
- - - Innovation/export projects
Wilhelmhaven; Cuxhaven, Hamburg, Kiel, Rostock
STX in Rauma and Helsinki (but in smaller
Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) 15
association; West Pomeranian Maritime cluster association
scale)
3.3 MI cluster-related knowledge institutions or centers of competence.
Wide range of knowledge institutions and centers has been established in all BSP regions. (Detail description of these institutions has been listed at regional reports).
3.4 National MI cluster policies
PL LV LT EE DK DE SWE FI
+ n.a + - + + + n.a.
Most of BSP regions have been developed and implementing MI national cluster policies. This fact once more confirms the importance of MI sector to BS partner regions.
Several most important European MI policies can be mentioned:
Integrated maritime policy (with links to sectorial policies): http://ec.europa.eu/maritimeaffairs/
Maritime Transport Strategy of EU 2009-2018 (the strategy indentifies key areas where action by the EU will strengthen the competitiveness of the sector; top policy topics are environmental topics/ green shipping/ safety/ security/ surveillance and maritime research and innovation):
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4. Regional SME potential and need
PL LV LT EE DK DE SWE FI
Competences
Shipbuilding, production and sale of navigation instruments, ship renovation
Crewing industry; metalworking
shipping and stevedoring services
Small ship building;
Shipping terminal services providers
Skills in designing , installation, servicing installation offshore in North sea
Maritime security, safety, surveillance;
Shipping (efficiency, green shipping);
Niches in shipbuilding;
Maritime technologies
Leading boat builders;
Development of technical ship equipment;
Ship owner working with environmental protection and technical equipment;
AIS and VTS equipment development
Engine produc-tion; small vessels building
Bottlenecks Financial obstacles; Lack of capital;
Lack of long-life strategy;
Lack of information on international supply markets;
Difficulty to identify right partners;
Moderate innovation level;
Lack of financial capabilities;
Low international marketing skills;
Lack of
Insufficient capacity to be active in foreign markets;
Lack of skilled employees;
Insufficient
Trade barriers;
Lack of skilled workforce/ managerial skills;
Infrastructur
Size of SMEs;
Financial/
payment risks;
Language restrictions;
No
Connecting infrastructure on land to ports;
Land area shortage in port areas in cities;
Inland transport routes;
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Lack of information;
Lack of international contacts;
Shortage in financing for development of infrastructure and purchasing of equipments for modernization
knowledge of integration on the international supply chains;
cooperation; Lack of defined OEMs
Low volumes to supply OEMs
e in region;
representatives in export market;
Price pressure of competitors in export markets;
High labour, production costs
Problems with coordination and consolidation of small volumes;
Inland waterways classification for Gota river;
Higher costs for logistic solutions to the peripherial regions;
Small national market, which demands more knowledge in exports and better language skills
Needs for support in interregional supply markets
Building innovation potential; creation of centers of competence; access to qualified
Information on international supply markets;
Internet platforms;
Quality certification;
Integration of required standards in the interregional markets;
Cooperation Resources and competences;
Direction to internationalization;
Linking to innovative users (OEMs);
Strengthening networks;
Availability of
Infrastructure development;
Investment needs;
Cooperation between SMEs when it comes
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workforce; computerized logistic system; international networks
Training, study programs developed;
Assistance and knowledge on how to build confidence and trust;
International marketing skills;
R&D activities to create more competitive products;
Coordinating organization to acquire better skills and resources
venture capital;
Safeguarding sustainability;
Networked marketing and sales
to handling small volumes;
Cooperation if finding better logistics solutions
Despite of variation of MI development and competences within BS project partner regions there can be found areas of common bottlenecks and needs:
Most common bottlenecks:
Lack of skilled workforce/managerial and export skills;
Lack of financial capabilities;
Size of SMEs/low volumes to supply OEMs/ and problems in coordination and consolidation of small volumes;
Lack of information on international supply markets.
Most common need identified:
Strengthening networks; cooperation between SMEs;
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Building competences and international marketing skills; training programs;
Availability of venture Capital.
Interregional SME Supply Markets
1.3 Important markets served by regional Maritime Industries Clusters
1.4. Possible priority target supply markets for BalticSupply
Maritime industry supply markets proposed after the first and second review by project partners from 8 countries (detail findings have been listed at regional reports):
Fish processing and conservation PL, DE, DK, LT, SE
To be considered in food cluster
Aquaculture DK
Maritime security and safety (environmental protection, stopping illegal fishing) DE DE
X Coastal Maritime security and safety (environmental protection) DE, LT DE
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Engineering
XI Others Manufacturing wind power station towers PL
Various steel structures (e.g. bridges and viaducts) PL
Fabrication and painting different large-sized non-standard steel structures EE, LT LT
Energy transport and port handling SE
Woodworking - masts, logs, equipment LV
The final review was made by the cluster coordinator (WFB Wirtschaftsförderung Bremen GmbH) operating in the specific cluster industry. It has been agreed among all the project partners that the final 3 priority target supply markets selected for Maritime Industry that BalticSupply will concentrate its activities on:
� Green Shipping (clean ship)
� Off-shore (Cross clusters combining with energy)
- Technology
- Supply
- Operation and maintenance
� Security, Safety and surveillance
Selection criteria:
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� Global trends in the Maritime Industry
� Complementary competences
� Markets covering strategic items combining a high degree of supply risk and a high profit impact
