Parts 1 & 2 Resource Management Presentation

8/10/2019 Parts 1 & 2 Resource Management Presentation

1/45

Dr. HeshamDr. Hesham ElbakryElbakry

Ph.D. Construction Projects ManagementPh.D. Construction Projects ManagementConsultant in Construction Projects ManagementConsultant in Construction Projects Management

ByBy

Project Resources ManagementProject Resources Management

Cairo UniversityCairo University Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering

Civil Engineering DepartmentCivil Engineering Department

2Dr. Hesham Elbakry

Content1. Introduction

2. Resource Management

2.4 Resource leveling (Smoothing)/Scheduling

2.2 Resource Allocation/Loading

2.3 Resource Aggregation

2.1 Resource Definition

2.5 LOB as a Resource Oriented Scheduling Technique

2.4.1 Method of Moment for Resource Leveling

2.4.2 Heuristic Procedure for Resource Leveling2.4.3 Leveling Combined Resources

2.4.4 Scheduling Limited Resources


2/45

3Dr. Hesham Elbakry

Content (Continue)

3. Cash Flow Management

4. Management of Construction Personnel

5. Material Management

6. Equipment Management

7. Sub-Contractor Management

1. Introduction1. Introduction


3/45

5Dr. Hesham Elbakry

ActivitiesActivitiesRelationshipsRelationships

DurationsDurations

Analysis ofAnalysis of

SchedulingScheduling

by CPMby CPM

6Dr. Hesham Elbakry

CPM AlgorithmCPM Algorithm

ButBut

Impractical Schedule

Management of available resources is requiredManagement of available resources is required

Duration-driven

analysis

Assumption of

resources availability

Not all required

resources are available

ThusThus


4/45

7Dr. Hesham Elbakry

2.1 Resource Definition

Things needed to have the work done

Consumable Non-Consumable

Key Res.(Expensive,

not available)

(Skilled Labour,Special Equip.)

Secondary Res.(Available)

(Normal labouror Equip.)

General Res.(Used by most

of the

Activities)(Site Facilities)

Apply Resource Management

8Dr. Hesham Elbakry

etcetc

SpaceSpace

SubContractors

SubSub

ContractorsContractorsCashCashCash

EquipmentEquipmentEquipment

LabourLabourLabour

MaterialMaterialMaterial

ResourcesResourcesResources


5/45

9Dr. Hesham Elbakry

2.2 Resource Allocation/Loading

Assigning the resources (with its no.) that

required to execute each activity

More than one type of resources may be

assigned to a specific activity

10Dr. Hesham Elbakry

2.3 Resource Aggregation

Summation of allocated resources

used by all activities onperiod-by-period basis

Individual aggregation of each type

of used resources


6/45


8

777777151515151515151588131355Total Res.Total Res.

requirerequire

CC

BB

22

AA

10109988776655443311weekweek

ActivityActivity5 5

8 8 8 88

7777 7 7 7

Resource Aggregation/Chart

ResourceResourceAggregationAggregation

ChartChart 5

10

15


Resource Aggregation Chart (ES&LS&CP)

ResourceU

nits

Week

1

23

4

5

6

7

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Resource Aggregation/Earliest Starts

Resource Aggregation/Latest StartsResource Aggregation of Critical Path Activities


7/45


2.4 Resource Leveling/Scheduling

Time

ConstrainedResource

Constrained

Time & Resource Constrained Projects

Resource scheduling is applied to

prioritize and allocate the use

of the available constrained

no. of resources

ResourceManagement

Resource leveling is applied to

smooth resource fluctuation

along with the constrained

project duration


Project

Resource/Time

Relationship

Resource Resource

T

Time

Resource

T

Resource

LimitR

Time Constrained Project

T1= TT1

R1

R1


8/45


2.4.1 Method of Moment for Res. Leveling

Minimum Moment Algorithm

As a heuristic approach to calculatea measure of the fluctuation in

daily resource demand

Evaluate resource histograms alternatives


1

Days

ResourceAmount

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

23

4

5

6

Histogram 2

Histogram 1

Histogram 1 : Mx = 83

Histogram 2 : Mx = 80

Mx = j =1

n

[(1 Resource Demandj )Resource demandj/2]

Mx =

j =1

n

12

(Resource Demandj )2

Where: n = working-day number of project finish date

Mx2 < Mx1

Thus

Hisogram 2 is better

than histogram 1


9/45


To select whichactivity/ies

To select whichTo select whichactivity/activity/iesies

To enhanceRes. fluctuation

To enhanceTo enhanceRes. fluctuationRes. fluctuation

To be movedforward

To be movedTo be movedforwardforward

Throughits floats

ThroughThroughits floatsits floats

MethodologyMethodology

2.4.2 Heuristic Procedure for Res. Leveling


Example 2.1

Assuming that one resource type will be used

during the contract,

The activities involved in the construction of a

certain project are given in the following table,

Determine the minimum level of this resource

required to complete the project?


10/45


00J, K, L, MJ, K, L, M22NN44B, H, IB, H, I22MM22B, HB, H33LL22F, GF, G77KK44E, FE, F22JJ00DD44II11DD66HH33CC66GG22BB66FF11BB22EE22AA33DD22AA55CC00AA22BB 00-- --00AA

ResourceResource

(units/week)(units/week)PredecessorsPredecessorsDurationDurationActivityActivity


Solution / Steps

002018N77119M 66129L

001811K88108J9273I6093H00115G3082F12442E6030D0050C3020B0

TF

000A

FFEFESID

1. Prepare a complete activity schedule


11/45


M

L

J

I

H

F

E

D

B

N

K

G

C

2019181716151413121110987654321

2. Draw the project

bar chart

based upon ES

Show critical

activities first


M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

3. Allocate Resource

4. Aggregate Resource

002222224913866656744


12/45


M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1D, 2

B, 0

N, 0K, 2

G, 3C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

002222224913866656744

Total Res. Usage= Unit Period Usage = 90 Unit

= 90/18 = 5 Res. Units/period

Average Res. Usage=Total Res. Usage/Utilized period

5. Get Total Res. Usage&Average Res. Usage


002222224913866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

6. Assign TF (dashed

line beside lower side)


13/45


002222224913866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

7. Assign FF (dashed

line beside upper side)


Time

2019181716151413121110987654321

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Units

8. Resource usage

histogram

could be obtained


14/45


002222224913866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2G, 3

C,22019181716151413121110987654321

ime2019181716151413121110987654321

123456789

1011121314

Units

Average Res. usage =5 units/period

9. Define maxRes. demand


002222224913866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

10. Prioritize moving

activities (Consideringless successors & no. ofRes. usage & max FF & TF)

Move M (7 weeks)


15/45


002222224913866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

00662222459866656744

00+ 4+ 422224- 4- 4866656744

11. Re-aggregate

Res. usage


Same FF

Moved (7 weeks)

New ES = 16

16 18

Same FF

12. Revise

FF & TF

New FF = 9


16/45


00662222459866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Move J (6 weeks)

13. Repeat step

no. 10

Thus


14. Repeat steps

no. 11 & 12

00662222459866656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

00666622455466656744

+ 4+ 4- 4- 4


17/45


00666622455466656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Move L (2 weeks)

15. Repeat step

no. 10

Thus


00666622455466656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

00666644433466656744

+ 2+ 2- 2- 2

16. Repeat steps

no. 11 & 12


18/45


00666644433466656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Move E (10 weeks)

17. Repeat steps

no. 9 & 10

Thus


00666644433466656744

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

00666655433466655644

+ 1+ 1- 1- 1

18. Repeat

steps

no. 11 & 12


19/45


00666655433466655644

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Move H (2 weeks)

19. Repeat steps

no. 9 & 10

Thus


00666655433466655644

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

00666655444466644644

+ 1+ 1- 1- 1

20. Repeat

stepsno. 11 & 12


20/45


00666655444466644644

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Move F (1 weeks)

21. Repeat stepsno. 9 & 10

Thus


00666655444466644644

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

00666655444666644444

+ 2- 2

22. Repeat

stepsno. 11 & 12


21/45


00666655444666644444

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Final Resource Usage / Periods


00666655444666644444

M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0K, 2

G, 3C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

Time2019181716151413121110987654321

1234567891011121314Units

Average Res. usage =

5 units/period


22/45


2.4.3 Leveling Combined Resources

Smooth combinationof Resources

Smooth eachResource individually

Optimum Resource

leveling couldbe expected only forlast smoothed Res.

Approximate leveling

could be achievedfor all Resources(more effective)


Example 2.2

Consider Example 2.1,

Assuming that the activities involved in that projectare using another resource R2 in addition to the

originally introduced resource R1.

Smooth the demand of resources

R1 and R2 simultaneously.

If the usage of R2 is as in the following table,


23/45


000022NN334422MM882233LL002277KK554422JJ550044II001166HH223366GG552266FF441122EE002233DD332255CC220022BB 000000AA

Resource RResource R22

(units/week)(units/week)

Resource RResource R11

(units/week)(units/week)

DurationDuration

(week)(week)ActivityActivity


Solution / Steps

73344M 108822L

20022K95544J55500I10011H52233G75522F54411E20022D 53322C

22200B

ERUR2R1ID

Step no. 1

Construct table of demand ofEquivalent Resource Usage

(ERU) of the two resources

together (by adding the

resource rates of the two

Resources simultaneously).


24/45


M

L

J

I

H

F

E

D

B

NK

G

C2019181716151413121110987654321

3. Draw the project

bar chart

based upon ES

Show criticalactivities first

2. Prepare a complete activity schedule


M, 4

L, 2

J, 4

I, 0

H, 1

F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G, 3

C,2

2019181716151413121110987654321

4. Allocate Resource R1

5. Aggregate Resource R1

002222224913866656744


25/45


M, 3

L, 8

J, 5

I, 5

H, 0

F, 5

E, 4

D, 0

B, 2

N, 0

K, 0

G, 2

C,3

2019181716151413121110987654321

6. Allocate Resource R2

7. Aggregate Resource R2

000000008131877121213171255


Step no. 8

Construct table of Equivalent Resource Usage

(ERU) of the two resources by adding the

histograms of R1 & R2 together.

4 00222222491386665674R1

5 00000000813187712121317125R2

9 00222222122231151318181823199ERU

+

=


26/45


Step no. 9

- Considering activities demand & Histogram0f ERU,

- Use same methodology applied for smoothing

single resource (example 2.1) to smooth ERU.

The ERU demand & Histogram will be smoothedas follows


002222221222311513181818231999

M, 7

L, 10

J, 9

I, 5

H, 1

F, 7

E, 5

D, 2

B, 2

N, 0

K, 2

G, 5

C, 5

2019181716151413121110987654321

Same procedure as

applied for single resource

ERU Histogram

ERU Demand


27/45


0012121211119912131313181811151299

M, 7M, 7

L, 10L, 10

J, 9J, 9

I, 5

H, 1

F, 7F, 7

E, 5

D, 2

B, 2

N, 0

K, 2

G, 5

C, 5

2019181716151413121110987654321

Get schedule timing of

final smoothing of ERU


00444666656666633544

M, 4M, 4

L, 2L, 2

J, 4J, 4

I, o

H, 1

F, 2F, 2

E, 1

D, 2

B, 0

N, 0

K, 2

G,3

C, 2

2019181716151413121110987654321

10. Use final scheduling to

get R1 Smoothed Histogram

R1 Smoothed Histogram

R1 Demand


28/45


888553377771212812755

M, 3M, 3

L, 8L, 8

J, 5J, 5

I, 5

H, 0

F, 5F, 5

E, 4

D, 0

B, 2

N, 0

K, 0

G, 2

C, 3

2019181716151413121110987654321

11. Use final scheduling to

get R2 Smoothed Histogram

R2 Smoothed Histogram

R2 Demand


PrioritizeactivitiesPrioritizePrioritizeactivitiesactivities

To match

Res. LimitationTo matchTo matchRes. LimitationRes. Limitation

Through

selected rulesThroughThrough

selected rulesselected rules

To be moved

forwardTo be movedTo be moved

forwardforward

MethodologyMethodology

2.4.4 Scheduling Limited Resources


29/45


Requirerecalculation of

network scheduling

Examples

-Earliest Start Time (EST)

-Least Total Float (LTF)

Examples

- Current Float Technique

- Earliest Late Start (ELS)

Methods of Scheduling Limited Resources

Don t requirerecalculation of

network scheduling

Will be introduced


Procedure of Resource Scheduling Using ELS


30/45


Example 2.3

The following table illustrate the activities

of a Project, as well as its resources usage

Schedule the project so that:

the daily resource usage matching resourcesLimits & minimum project duration extension.

If the resources limits are as introduced by the table


00

11

0011

11

11

00

00

11

11

00

33

66

4400

44

00

44

22

44

55

22

--

--

--AA

DD

BB

BB

FF

E, HE, H

CC

G, JG, J

44

66

2288

44

1010

1616

88

66

66

1010

AA

BB

CCDD

EE

FF

GG

HH

II

JJ

KK

RR22 11RR11 88

Resource (Units/week)Resource (Units/week)PredecessorPredecessorDurationDuration

(Week)(Week)ActivityActivity


31/45


Solution StepsApply Procedure of ELS Method



32/45


Flow Chart of General Resources Management


2.5 Line Of Balance (LOB)

as a Resource Oriented Scheduling Technique

Technique for

Resource Oriented Scheduling of

Repetitive/Linear projects;

(a) Projects involving several uniform units of work(such as multiple houses or typical floors in abuilding) or

(b) Being geometrically linear (such as highway,

pipeline, and utility projects).


33/45


The Objectives/Benefits of the LOB Technique

To determine a balanced mix of resources andsynchronize their work so that they are fullyemployed and non-interrupted.

Interesting representation of the schedule, givenlarge amount of data for the repetitive units.

Scheduling the activities so that a projectdeadline is met using predefined resourceavailability limits.


LOB Basic Representation

Graphical Representation of the Activities of

the Repetitive Unites of a Project

Consider a high-rise building of 10 typical floors.

Assuming that the construction of each typical floorinvolves 4 inter-related sequential activities; (A, B, C, D).

The Project LOB Representation may be as follows:

Example


34/45


12

3

4

5

67

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

The graphical representation of LOBwill be as follows

RepetitiveUnits

1- The vertical axis represents the repetitive unites (floors)

4- Each bar width represent the duration of the activity forone unit of the project repetitive unites (DA, DB,.)

DA DB DADC

DA CB

3- Each sloping bar represent one of the units activities

Time

2- The Horizontal axis represents the time (days, weeks )


12

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

RepetitiveUnits

DA DB DADC

DA CB

Time

5- A horizontal line at any unit intersects with theactivity bars at the planned start and finish timesof the work in that unit.

Start

4Start

11

End

22

End

16

6- A vertical line at any date (time) shows the plannedwork that should be completed/started before and

on that date.


35/45


RepetitiveUnits

12

3

4

56

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Time

DA CB

DA DB DADC

Project End Date

8- The finish time of the last unit in the last activityrepresents the end date of the project.

7- The slope of each activity represents its plannedrate of progress and this is direct function of thenumber of crews involved in the activity

ActivityProgress

Rate


More information could be added/extracted as follows

9- The number of crews employed in each taskcould be graphically represented (by a differentpattern for each crew). Thus,

DA CB

12

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

RepetitiveUnits

DA DB DADC Time

The synchronized movement of the crews fromone unit to the other could be easley checked.

Crew 1

Crew 2

Crew 3

Crew 1

Crew 2

Crew 3

Crew 1

Crew 2

Crew 3

Crew 1

Crew 1 works in unites1,4,7,10 and leaves site on day 12


36/45


10- A buffer time could be introduced (as a float time) toprevent interference between the sequential activities incase an activity is slightly delayed

DA CB

12

3

45

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Repeti

tiveUnits

DA DB DC Time

Crew 1

Crew 2

Crew 3

Crew 1Crew 2

Crew 3

Crew 1

Crew 2

Crew 3

Crew 1Buffer time one day between A & B

Buffer time one day between C & D

When a slower activity is to follow a faster activity (e.g., D

follows C), a buffer time is to be added to the startof first unit of Activity C,When a faster activity is to follow a slower activity (e.g., B

follows A), a buffer time is to be added at the end offinal unit of Activity A


11- Activities production rates

Speeding one activity so that conflict point changesfrom bottom to top increases project duration,

A good scheduling strategy is to schedule the activitiesas parallel as possible to a desired project delivery.

Changing the production rate (slope) of any activitymay changes the project duration,

Effect of accelerating production rate

are indicated by the following diagrams


37/45


Project End at T1 = 27 day

TimeRepetitiveUnits

12

3

4

56

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

DA CB

Rate 1

Activity

B

Rate 1

Project End at T2 = 30 day

T2 > T1

RepetitiveUnits

12

34

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 21

Time

A

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Activity

B

Rate 2

Rate 1 > Rate 2

Rate 2

B C D


LOB Calculations

The LOB formulation involves four main issues as follows:

- Crew synchronization and work continuity equation;

- Computation of a project delivery rate that meets a givendeadline duration;

- Calculating resource needs for critical and non-criticalactivities; and

- Drawing the LOB schedule.


38/45


Crew Synchronization

C = no. of crews

D = Activity Duration

R = Activityproduction rate

Then : R = C/D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1)For the given case: R = 3/3 = 1 unit/day

To accelerate the production rate, Use 4 crews

Then: Rnew= 4/3 = 1.33 units/day

1

2

3

4

Crew 1

Crew 3

Crew 2

RUnits

D Time


1

2

3

4

Crew 1

Crew 3

Crew 2

RU

nits

Time

R = C/D

-Work continuity is achieved by shifting the start ofeach unit from its previous one by a time D/C or 1/R.

D/C D/C D/C

Start times shift

D/C

- Shifting the crew starts enhance the demand of thiscrews to other resources.


39/45


Meeting The Project Deadline Duration

-A basic objective in CPM-LOB calculation isto meet a given deadline for finishing (n)

repetitive unites.

- By LOB, it is possible to formulate a strategyfor meeting a dead line by calculating the

desired rate of delivery (Rd) for the units as

follows:


Rd1

2

n

Units

Time

.

T1

T1= CPM Duration of Unit 1

TL

TL= Project Deadline Duration

-The delivery rate (Rd) is the minimum raterequired to meet the project desired deadline

Rd= (n-1)/(TLT1) . . . . . . . . . (2)

-Any higher rate result in shorter project durationbut also more crew use/cost.

Notes

n-1

Project

Deadline


40/45


Calculating Resources Needing

-To match the project desired deadline, thecalculated rate of delivery [Rd= (n-1)/(TLT1)]

should be applied to all critical activities.

- On the other hand, for non-critical activities, thetotal float should be used to slow the rates of

such activities. Then Rdwill be as follows:

ExampleThe following network is for activities A,B,C and D

to be executed for (n) repetitive units.


12345

n

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Repetitive

Units

Time

(TL ) Project

Deadline

T1

A C

B

Rd

TLT1TLT1TFD

D

(TLT1) +TFD

RD

Ri

= (n-1)/[(TL

T1

) +TFi

]. . . . . . . . . (3)

Thus

Where (i) is the non critical activity


41/45


Applying equation (1): R=C/D

Then: Ri = Ci/Di

The no. of crews Ci Should be rounded to be Cai

Then: Rai = Cai/Di . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4)

Equations 3 & 4 are the basis of LOB calculations

Ri= (n-1)/[(TLT1) +TFi]. . . . . . . . . (3)


Example 2.4

The following table illustrates the activities involved

in the construction of 1 Km of a pipeline together

with their estimated durations,

- Calculate the number of crews needed for eachactivity, assume 1 day buffer time between activities

- Draw the LOB schedule.

The project consists of 10 similar kilometers and is

targeted to be finished in 40 days.


42/45


--

AA

AA

B, CB, C

DD

EE

PrecedingPrecedingactivitiesactivities

11

33

11

44

11

22

Locate and clearLocate and clear

ExcavateExcavate

String pipeString pipe

Lay pipeLay pipe

Pressure testPressure test

BackfillBackfill

AA

BB

CC

DD

EE

FF

DurationDuration(days)(days)

ActivityActivitynamename

ActivityActivityno.no.


Solution

1. Create CPM calculations for a single unit,Identify the following:- Total time of one unit (T1)

- ES of Critical Activities- ES & TF of non critical activities.

Buffer times 1 day

as required


43/45


- From CPM get ActivitiesTF, then get the

desired rate for all activities as follows:

2. LOB Calculations :

- Project deadline (TL) = 40 day

- Unit time (T1) = 15 day (by CPM)

Ri= (n-1)/[(TLT1) + TFi] = 9/[25 + TFi]

- Get the corresponding required no. of crews Ci

for all activities ( Ci = Ri Di )- Round up Ci : then, use the actual no. of crews

Cai to get the activities actual rates Rai = Cai/Di


00

00

22

00

00

00

11

33

11

44

11

22

AA

BB

CC

DD

EE

FF

TotalTotalFloatFloat

((TFTFii

))

DurationDuration

(day)(day)ActivityActivity

(i)(i)

0.3600.360

0.3600.360

0.3330.333

0.3600.360

0.3600.360

0.3600.360

Ri =

9/[25+TFi]

0.3600.360

1.0801.080

0.3330.333

1.4401.440

0.3600.360

0.7200.720

Ci =

Ri Di

11

22

11

22

11

11

Cai =

Round of Ci

11

0.6670.667

11

0.50.5

11

0.50.5

Rai =

Cai/Di

From CPM From LOB Calculations

Use Rai and the CPM data to drew the ProjectLOB schedule as follows:


44/45


A

CB D

11

0.6670.66711

0.50.511

0.50.5

Rai

00

0022000000

11

3311441122

AA

BBCCDDEEFF

((TFTFii))DDii(i)(i)

RepetitiveUnits

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Time

1234

5

10

6789

36 37 38 4239 40 41

EF

9 10 11 12 15.5 18.5 24 28 29 30 40 42


LOB as a planning & Scheduling tool is not limited

to repetitive projects with typical units only. It is also

valid for other cases not limited to the following:

Notes:

2 - Interrupting the crewswork continuity.

3 - Execution of some activitywork starting not

from the first unit

4 - Applying variable delivery rates for any activity

1 - Existence of some non-typical units.


45/45


RepetitiveUn

its

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Time

12345

10

6789

36 37 38 4239 40 41

Consider LOB calculations in such cases neglectingun-uniformity then adjust the graphical representation.

1 2 3 4

To Be ContinueFor further

Resource Management

Date post:	02-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	stefax2010
View:	216 times
Download:	0 times

Parts 1 & 2 Resource Management Presentation

Documents