Giving Parvo + DOGS a 2nd Chance at Life

By: Nipuni Ratnayaka & Kristen Kjellberg, DVM

* *How to start saving immediately

*How to expand your program

*Complications

W H A T I S P A R V O ?

• Viral disease

• Incredibly hardy

• fecal-oral route

• Takes 1-5 days to cause infection

• Clinical Symptoms last 5-10 days

• 24-48 hours after cessation of symptoms

W H A T I S P A R V O ?

• Attacks intestinal lining

• Symptoms:

• Diarrhea, often bloody

• vomiting

• lethargy

• Causes of death:

1. Dehydration

2. Sepsis

• In severe cases, death can be

caused by hypoglycemia or

hypoprotenemia

PREVENTING OUTBREAKS

• CPV can be spread

Isolate the puppy

• CPV can be carried

Follow decontamination protocols

• CPV can survive

Disinfect the area

A P A ’ S P a r v o

P r o g r a m

85% • Volunteers Treat

• Doctors prescribe

This is all you need -

1. Minimal medical Supplies

2. Foster w/ Spare Bathroom

3. Doctor for Rx and assessments

4. Decontamination protocols

*

*

*Designated – parvo only

*AM & PM treatments

*Multiple fosters for different

stages

*No med. experience required

*Hands-on training for SQ

*Care instructions/manual

*On-Call phone number

D E C O N T A M I N A T I O N

P R O T O C O L S • Isolation

• Designated scrubs & shoes*

• Toilet

• Proper Hand Washing

• Washer & Dry Separately

• Tub for Baths

*designated shoes more effective than footbath

Protocol found @ wiki.apaparvo.org

S C R U B B I N G I N & O U T a strict protocol for entering and exiting the icu

Wash up to wrists

T R E A T M E N T S H E E T

1. Doctors prescribe

2. Volunteers treat

Document Everything

• Physical exam

• Medications

• Consumption and

Excretion

M e d i c a l

S u p p l i e s

1. Antibiotics

• Polyflex

• Baytril

2. Reglan (nausea)

3. Fluid bags

4. Needles and Syringes

T R E A T M E N T E S S E N T I A L S

*Cost estimate for 10lb dog Parvo SNAP Tests (IDEXX)

• $20 for 1*

• non-essential to test-out

Baytril 100mg/mL

• $165 per 250cc bottle

• 1cc X 6 days

• 6cc - $4

• 40 dogs per bottle

Polyflex

• $40 per 150cc bottle

• $1.60 Reglan

• $6 per 30cc bottle

• $1.20 Fluids

• $20 per 12 bag case

• $2.50*

Syringes & Needles

• $5

Medicine cost =

~ $16-36 per dog *depends on shelter protocols

*

T O U R O U R P I C U !

T O U R O U R P I C U !

T O U R O U R P I C U !

E N T R A N C E

• Clean side:

• Lockers

• Sink

• street clothes

• Dividing line

• Contaminated side

• Scrubs

• shoes

B U I L D I N G A T E A M

1. Licensed Veterinarian • order & prescribe medications, looks over

patient cases

• Ask your local vet!

2. Team Manager • recruit volunteers, schedule, program

improvements

3. Dedicated volunteers • quality over quantity

4. Veterinary Technicians • place catheters, intake, off-shift tasks

*

• Recruiting –

• Email

• Medical Groups

• Students

• Reg Volunteer group

• Professionalism

• Strict Requirements

• Training

• Curriculum

• Empowering = knowledge

• How vs. Why & When

• Do vs. Understand

How Volunteers Handle Death • Protocols, prepared in advanced, part of training

• Facebook page

• Memorial garden

• Its not their fault

• will lose 15% no matter what

E S S E N T I A L I T E M S

General

Cleaning

Medical

G E N E R A L :

DOG CARE SUPPLIES Designated for parvo patients only

• Fridge

• Toilet

• Bowls

• Toys

• Sweaters

• Heating pads

• Microwave

• Thermometer

General

My legs

are too

long…

V A R I E T Y O F F O O D

• nausea-association

• Turn around in 5-6 days

• high in protein

• stimulate appetite

• Pizza crust

• Goal = solid stools

• Chicken and Rice

General

ZZzzzZZZZ…

C L E A N I N G S U P P L I E S

• Sharps Container

• Parvocidal Disinfectant

• Bleach

• Laundry detergent

• Hand soap

• Washer/Dryer

• Broom/Mop

• Toilet paper

• Trash bags

Cleaning

M E D I C A L S U P P L I E S

*OK to began with only subcutaneous treatment

1.Treatment supplies

• Needles

• Syringes

• IV Fluid Line

• Catheters*

• Fluid pump*

M E D I C A L S U P P L I E S

2. Medications

• Antibiotics

• Baytril (Enrofloxacin)

• Polyflex

• Ampicillin or

Cefazolin*

• Fluids

• Lactated Ringers

• Hetastarch*

• Antiemetics

• Reglan

• Dewormers

• Strongid

T R E A T M E N T A D D - O N S

Medications

• Cerenia or Anzemet

• Famotidine or Zantac

• Doxycycline or

Oxytetracycline

• Panacur or Strongid

• Dextrose or Karosyrup

• Metronidazole

• **Med Charts in Manual**

Equipment

• IV Pump

• Catheters

• Hair clippers

• Donations

• Amazon Wishlist

• Meds from Hospitals

• Recycling syringes for orals

• Hand towels

• Rely on & empower volunteers

• One parvo test per litter, up to 3

• Protocols to reduce DVM time

• Higher adoption fee for post-parvos

• Supportive care

• constant force feeding slowly

(baby food, pedialyte, chicken

broth) incredibly small amounts

• keep warm

• Reglan, fluids every 8 hours

S A V I N G M O N E Y

4,200 volunteer man hours worked in 2013

O V E R A L L E S T I M A T E D C O S T

Minor

$20.52 Moderate

$68.77

Severe

$133.16

Average ~ $75 per dog

20% 20%

60%

I N T A K E

1. Verify a positive test

2. vaccinate – DHPP and Bordatella

3. Physical assessment

4. Treatment

5. Wash hands between patients

ASSESSSMENT & PHYSICAL EXAM

• Assessments noted every 12 hours by volunteers

• Medical treatments prescribed every 24 hours by doctor

1. Attitude

• BAR, QAR, lethargic, semi-

comatose

2. Gum color:

• pink – healthy

• pale pink – poor circulation

• White - anemic

• Grey/pale – shock

(severe dehydration, sepsis)

3. Temperature

• Paws

• Rectal

M I N O R T R E A T M E N T

Assessment:

• Dog is BAR/QAR

• Decreased or no appetite

• Some vomiting and/or

diarrhea

• Moderate dehydration

Subcutaneous Treatment

• Baytril (diluted), Polyflex,

Reglan and fluids

• +/- on pump

M O D E R A T E T R E A T M E N T

Assessment:

• Dog is QAR/lethargic

• No appetite

• Moderate vomiting and

diarrhea

• Pink gums

Intravenous Treatment

• Baytril SQ & Ampicillin IV

• IV Fluid bolus or on pump

S E V E R E T R E A T M E N T Assessment:

• lethargic

• Excessive v/bd

Intravenous Treatment

• Baytril IV diluted, vet

supervision

• Ampicillin IV

• IV fluid pump with dextrose,

reglan, kcl

• Hetastarch – blood volume

infuser (pressure

increaser), protein

• Hypoglycemia & Toy

breeds

• Force feeding

D I S C H A R G I N G

Testing Out:

• Two Solid Stools

• Special Circumstances: In ICU for

>10-12 days

D I S C H A R G I N G

Bathing – be extremely thorough

1. Clip nails

2. Remove all traces of feces

3. Two baths

4. Clean rectum, under tail, & paws very well

*

• Vaccinate immediately at intake

• Before even taking out of cage

• No harm, possible benefit

• Immediately separate litters/puppies

showing URI symptoms

• put in crate and cover

• Wash hands **properly**

*

Treating a dying puppy • What are we treating?

• Dehydration

• Temperature

• Hypoglycemia

1. Act fast – no diagnostics

2. Warmth

3. Hetastarch & Dextrose IV

4. Reassess

• Temp – rectal + paws

• Gum color

• Lift head

5. LRS bolus until out-of-shock

****Have hard copies of protocols readily available****

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• Worms, Mange • Decontamination protocols

• Strongid given regardless to all

• For severe mange, be aggressive with

treatment

• Hookworm anemia

• URI/Distemper • Quarantine Protocols

• Additional Medications

• Baytril

• Azithromycin

• Oxytetracycline/Doxycycline

• Nebulizing

• Abscesses • How?

• blown vein – swelling above IVC

• baytril site

• Treatment

• Baytril or Clavamox ideal

• Warm compresses

• Honey Bandage

• Can’t place a catheter • Try jugular catheter

• Call DVM or vet tech

• Intussusception • DVM diagnose

• abdomen palpations

• excessive vomiting

• Abdominal palpations

• No diarrhea or purpleish diarrhea

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• Walking on wrists/hawks • bones and ligaments growing at

different rate

• straightens out in a week

• not to worry

• Post parvo arthritis • Potential Causes

• Parvovirus localizing in the

joints?

• related to baytril?

• Most likely sepsis.

Supportive tx??? no surgery

necessary

• Treatment

• Tramadol & NSAIDs

• Antibiotics may not be

necessary – DVM discretion

• Temporary problem

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Q U E S T I O N S / C O M M E N T S ?

nipuni.ratnayaka@austinpetsal ive.org

w i k i . a p a p a r v o . o r g

Kerbey, Parvo survivor