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PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information.PDF generated at: Sun, 10 Jun 2012 15:11:11 UTC

WONDERFUL PATAGONIADEEP ARGENTINA

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Contents

ArticlesEl Chaltn 1

El Calafate 3

Ushuaia 7

ReferencesArticle Sources and Contributors 17

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 18

Article LicensesLicense 19

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El Chaltn 1

El Chaltn

View over the town.

View to Ro de las Vueltas from the trail towards the Fitz Roy peak.

View over the town in the evening.

El Chaltn is a small mountain village in Santa CruzProvince, Argentina. It is located in the riverside of Rode las Vueltas, within the Los Glaciares National Park(section Reserva Nacional Zona Viedma ) at the base of Cerro Torre and Cerro Fitz Roy mountains, bothpopular for climbing. For this reason this village iswell-visited by trekkers and climbers.

The village was built in 1985 to help secure thedisputed border with Chile. Today the sole reason forits existence is tourism. It is 220 km north of ElCalafate.

"Chaltn" is a tehuelche word meaningsmokingmountain , as they believe it was a volcano for its peakis most of the time covered by clouds. Other visitedtracks and sights areTorre Glacier , Laguna Capri ,

Piedras Blancas Glacier , Chorrillo del Salto and Laguna de los Tres .

The village provides national park information forvisitors, as well as commercial camping (with showers)and a very limited number of beds, catering mostly forbackpackers. On the treks outside of the village freecampsites are provided. There are two automated tellermachines and relatively no cell phone service. Thetourist trade has spawned a few restaurants and shopsin town, with a large variety of outdoor equipment forsale, while some of the accommodations provideinternet and phone access and show regular movies.Other than that, the town is fairly far removed from thenormal flow of news and communication, even duringhigh season (November February). The town is nearlydeserted during off-season (the southern hemisphere

winter).

Climate

El Chaltn has a dry -yet unpredictable- climate, withlight precipitation distributed on a large number of days: despite the semi-arid setting, bad weather isexceedingly common. Summers experience long daylight hours, very windy weather, and cool temperatures, mostlybelow 18C (65F) during the day and below 5C (41F) during the night. Frost can and does occur in the summer too.Winters bring snow in moderate quantities, and average temperatures around 3C (37F) during the day and -4C

(25F) during the night; however, the coldest nights are much colder than this. Spring and fall are variable, butgenerally cold as well.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automated_teller_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automated_teller_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tehuelche_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climbinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climbinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cerro_Fitz_Royhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cerro_Torrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Los_Glaciares_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADo_de_las_Vueltashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADo_de_las_Vueltashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Cruz_Province%2C_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Cruz_Province%2C_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AElChaltenEvening.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AChalten_Vueltas.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AEl_Chalt%C3%A9n.jpg

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El Chaltn 2

External links Gallery of photos taken in El Chalten (Cerro Torre & Fitz Roy) - February 2011 - Jakub Poomski Photography.

[1]

Official Website[2]

Information about El Chaltn[3](English/Spanish)

El Chaltn - Koonek Inn[4](English/Spanish) Tourism[5](English/Spanish) El Chaltn Anglers[6](English/Spanish) Description[7](Spanish) Panoramic virtual tour of El Chalten[8]

News El Chalten[9]News El Chalten (Spanish) Hostal Rancho Grande[10]Hostal Rancho Grande

Panoramic view of El Chaltn

References[1] http:/ / polomski. art. pl/ blog/ 2011/ 05/ argentina-2011-el-chalten-cerro-torre-fitz-roy/ ?lang=en[2] http:/ / www. elchalten. gov. ar/ [3] http:/ / www. guiachalten. com. ar/ [4] http:/ / www. hosteriakoonek. com. ar[5] http:/ / www. elchalten. com/ [6] http:/ / www. elchaltenanglers. com/ [7] http:/ / www. patagonia. com. ar/ santacruz/ elcalafate/ chalten. php[8] http:/ / www. 360travelguide. com/ 360VirtualTour. asp?iCode=lgl01[9] http:/ / www. noticiaselchalten. com. ar[10] http:/ / www. ranchograndehostel. com/ ?l=en

http://www.ranchograndehostel.com/?l=enhttp://www.noticiaselchalten.com.ar/http://www.360travelguide.com/360VirtualTour.asp?iCode=lgl01http://www.patagonia.com.ar/santacruz/elcalafate/chalten.phphttp://www.elchaltenanglers.com/http://www.elchalten.com/http://www.hosteriakoonek.com.ar/http://www.guiachalten.com.ar/http://www.elchalten.gov.ar/http://polomski.art.pl/blog/2011/05/argentina-2011-el-chalten-cerro-torre-fitz-roy/?lang=enhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AEl_Chalt%C3%A9n%2C_panoramic_view.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panoramichttp://www.ranchograndehostel.com/?l=enhttp://www.noticiaselchalten.com.ar/http://www.360travelguide.com/360VirtualTour.asp?iCode=lgl01http://www.patagonia.com.ar/santacruz/elcalafate/chalten.phphttp://www.elchaltenanglers.com/http://www.elchalten.com/http://www.hosteriakoonek.com.ar/http://www.guiachalten.com.ar/http://www.elchalten.gov.ar/http://polomski.art.pl/blog/2011/05/argentina-2011-el-chalten-cerro-torre-fitz-roy/?lang=en

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El Calafate 3

El Calafate

El Calafate Town

El CalafateLocation of El Calafate in Argentina

Coordinates: 5020S 07217W

Country Argentina

Province Santa Cruz

Department Lago Argentino

Population (2010)

Total 22000

Demonym calafateo/a

Time zone ART (UTC-3)

CPA base Z9405

Dialing code +54 2965

El Calafate is a city in Patagonia, Argentina. It is situated in the southern border of Lake Argentino, in the southwestpart of the Santa Cruz Province, about 320 km Northwest of Ro Gallegos. Its name is derived from a little bush withyellow flowers and dark blue berries that is very common in Patagonia: the calafate ( Berberis buxifolia ); the wordcomes from the word "calafate", which is Spanish for "caulk".

El Calafate is an important tourist destination as the hub to visit different parts of the Los Glaciares National Park,

including the Perito Moreno Glacier (one of the most visited in the world ) and the Cerro Chaltn and Cerro Torre.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cerro_Torrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cerro_Chalt%C3%A9nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perito_Moreno_Glacierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Los_Glaciares_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caulkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berberis_buxifoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADo_Gallegoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Cruz_Province_%28Argentina%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lake_Argentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patagoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Telephone_numbering_in_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-2:ARhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentine_postal_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UTC-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Time_in_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Time_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demonymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Departments_of_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Cruz_Province_%28Argentina%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Provinces_of_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Argentina.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Red_pog.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Argentina_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_cities_in_Argentina

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El Calafate 4

HistoryThe history of El Calafate began in the first decades of the twentieth century. Originally, it was simply a shelteringplace for wool traders. The town was officially founded in 1927 by the government of Argentina to promotesettlement, but it was the creation of nearby Perito Moreno National Park in 1937 that sparked growth and thebuilding of better road access.

TransportThe 220 kilometers separating Calafate from El Chaltn on the other side of the Lake Argentino in the national parkare paved, as well as the 315 kilometres to Ro Gallegos. Other distances are: to Bariloche 1400 km ; to Esquel1108 km (mostly dirt road); Comodoro Rivadavia 959 km; Puerto Madryn 1388 km; Buenos Aires 2727 km;Ushuaia 863 km and in Chile Puerto Natales 362 km and Punta Arenas 605 km.

The town is served by El Calafate International Airport (IATA:FTE , ICAO:SAWC ) located some 20 km east of the village.

Avenida del Libertador, the town's main street

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AElCalafate-AvenidaSanMartin.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Civil_Aviation_Organization_airport_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Air_Transport_Association_airport_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comandante_Armando_Tola_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Punta_Arenashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Puerto_Nataleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buenos_Aireshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Puerto_Madrynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comodoro_Rivadaviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esquelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADo_Gallegoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lake_Argentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perito_Moreno_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wool

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El Calafate 5

Residential section

El Calafate is gateway to Los GlaciaresNational Park

Ice and Glaciers interpretation Centre,Glaciarium.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AGlaciarium.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Los_Glaciares_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Los_Glaciares_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APerito_Moreno_Glacier_Patagonia_Argentina_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACaba%25C3%25B1as_-_El_Calafate.jpg

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El Calafate 6

PopulationIn the last census 6,143 permanent residents were counted (2001 census[INDEC]). This represents a 20.1% increasecompared with the 1991 census.[1] However, due to the expansion of tourism, the population was estimated at 8,000people in 2005.

WildlifeFlamingos are regularly visible from El Calafate congregating in the waters of Lago Argentino.[2]

ClimateEl Calafate experiences a semi-arid climate (Kppen BSk ) with cool to warm, very dry summers and cool to cold,slightly wetter winters.

Climate data for El Calafate

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

Average high C (F) 65.7 65.3 61.3 54.5 45.9 41.4 39.7 43.9 50.7 56.8 61.3 64.2

Average low C (F) 45.9 45.5 42.1 37.6 32.4 28.4 27.0 29.8 33.3 37.2 41.2 44.1

Precipitation mm (inches) 13(0.5)

8(0.3)

13(0.5)

25(1.0)

30(1.2)

20(0.8)

25(1.0)

20(0.8)

15(0.6)

13(0.5)

10(0.4)

15(0.6)

208(8.2)

Source: Intellicast.com[3]

Interesting factsThe gliding altitude record of 50,722 feet (15,460 m) was set near El Calafate on 30 August 2006 by Steve Fossett

and Einar Enevoldson in their 'Perlan' high altitude research glider.[4] This record has been certified by theFdration Aronautique Internationale.

The town was on the path of the total solar eclipse of July 11, 2010, occurring just before sunset.

Sources Welcomeargentina.com[5], History of El Calafate Enjoy-patagonia.org[6], Enjoy Patagonia, Calafate Virtualtourist.com[7], Notes on main street, name origin, and more

References[1] Interior Ministry: El Calafate (http:/ / www. mininterior. gov. ar/ municipales/ busqueda/ amplia_info. asp?ID=SCR003)[2] UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre (http:/ / www. unep-wcmc. org/ sites/ wh/ pdf/ Los Glaciares. pdf)[3] "Intellicast - El Calafate Historic Weather Averages in Argentina" (http:/ / www. intellicast. com/ Local/ History. aspx?location=ARSC0134).

Intellicast. . Retrieved February 24, 2011.[4] List of FAI world records for open-class gliders (http:/ / records. fai. org/ gliding/ current. asp?id1=275& id2=1)[5] http:/ / www. welcomeargentina. com/ paseos/ centrointerpretacionhistorica_elcalafate/ index_i. html[6] http:/ / www. enjoy-patagonia. org/ calafate. php[7] http:/ / members. virtualtourist. com/ m/ 54d1b/ 1781e7/ 4/

http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/54d1b/1781e7/4/http://www.enjoy-patagonia.org/calafate.phphttp://www.welcomeargentina.com/paseos/centrointerpretacionhistorica_elcalafate/index_i.htmlhttp://records.fai.org/gliding/current.asp?id1=275&id2=1http://www.intellicast.com/Local/History.aspx?location=ARSC0134http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/pdf/Los%20Glaciares.pdfhttp://www.mininterior.gov.ar/municipales/busqueda/amplia_info.asp?ID=SCR003http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/54d1b/1781e7/4/http://www.enjoy-patagonia.org/calafate.phphttp://www.welcomeargentina.com/paseos/centrointerpretacionhistorica_elcalafate/index_i.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solar_eclipse_of_July_11%2C_2010http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_A%C3%A9ronautique_Internationalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glider_%28sailplane%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perlan_Projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Einar_Enevoldsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steve_Fossetthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glidinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Precipitation_%28meteorology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-arid_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lago_Argentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flamingoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_Statistics_and_Census_of_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Census

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El Calafate 7

External links Elcalafate.gov.ar (http:/ / www. turismo. elcalafate. gov. ar), Official government site(Spanish) Wikitravel: El Calafate

UshuaiaUshuaia

(From top to bottom; from left to right) View of Ushuaia from the harbor; Les Eclaireurs Lighthouse; Malvinas War Memorial; Tierra del Fuego,Antrtida e Islas del Atntico Sur government building and the port.

Coat of arms

Motto: "Ushuaia, fin del mundo, principio de todo" (Spanish)"Ushuaia, end of the world, beginning of everything"

Ushuaia

Coordinates: 5448S 6818W

Country Argentina

Province Tierra del Fuego

Founded Officially the 12 October 1884 by Commodore Lasserre ARA

Government

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tierra_del_Fuego_Province_%28Argentina%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Provinces_of_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Argentina.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Red_pog.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Tierra_del_Fuego_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AUshuaia_Montage.pnghttp://wikitravel.org/en/El_Calafatehttp://www.turismo.elcalafate.gov.ar/

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Ushuaia 8

Type Municipality

Intendente Municipal Dn. Federico Sciurano

Elevation 5 m (unknown operator: u'strong' ft)

Population (2010 Census[1])

Total 56,956Time zone ART (UTC3)

CPA Base V 9410

Area code(s) +54 2901

Ushuaia (/u wa. /; Spanish pronunciation:[u swa a]) is the capital city of Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina. It iscommonly regarded as the southernmost city in the world[2][3](a title long disputed by smaller Puerto Williams).Ushuaia is located in a wide bay on the southern coast of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, bounded on the north bythe Martial mountain range and on the south by the Beagle Channel. It is the only municipality in the Department of Ushuaia, which has an area of 9390 km2 (unknown operator: u'strong' sq mi).

History

Partial view of the city and the Martial Mountains

The Selknam Indians, also called theOna, first arrived in Tierra del Fuegoabout 10,000 years ago. The southerngroup of the Selknam, the Yaghan(also known as Ymana), occupiedwhat is now Ushuaia, living incontinual conflict with the northern

inhabitants of the island.[4]The British ship HMS Beagle underthe command of Captain RobertFitzRoy first reached the channel onJanuary 29, 1833 during its maidenvoyage surveying Tierra del Fuego.[5]

The city was originally named by early British missionaries[6] using the native Ymana name for the area. Much of the early history of the city and its hinterland is described in Lucas Bridgess bookUttermost Part of the Earth(1948). The nameUshuaia first appears in letters and reports of the South American Mission Society[6] in England.The British missionary Waite Hockin Stirling[7] became the first European to live in Ushuaia when he stayed withthe Ymana people between 18 January and mid-September 1869. In 1870 more British missionaries arrived toestablish a small settlement. The following year the first marriage was performed. During 1872, 36 baptisms and 7marriages and the first European birth (Thomas Despard Bridges) in Tierra del Fuego were registered.[8] The firsthouse constructed in Ushuaia was a pre-assembled 3 room home prepared in the Falkland Islands in 1870 forReverend Thomas Bridges. One room was for the Bridges family, a second was for a Ymana married couple, whilethe third served as the chapel.[9]

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Ushuaia 9

Building of the Government of the province in the city of Ushuaia, withtypical local architecture.

During 1873 Juan and Clara Lawrence, the firstArgentine citizens to visit Ushuaia, arrived to teachschool. That same year the Argentine PresidentJulio Argentino Roca promoted the establishmentof a penal colony for re-offenders, modeled after

one in Tasmania, Australia, in an effort to securepermanent residents from Argentina and to helpestablish Argentine sovereignty over all of Tierradel Fuego.[10][11] But only after the Boundarytreaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina didformal efforts get under way to establish thetownship and its prison.

During the 1880s, many gold prospectors came toUshuaia following rumors of large gold fields,which proved to be false.[12][13]On the 12th of October 1884, as part of the South Atlantic Expedition, Commodore Augusto Lasserre established the sub-divisionof Ushuaia,[14]with the missionaries and naval officers signing the Act of Ceremony. Don Feliz M Paz was namedGovernor of Tierra del Fuego and in 1885 named Ushuaia as its capital. In 1885 the territory police was organizedunder Antonio A Romero with headquarters also in Ushuaia. But it was not until 1904 that the Federal Governmentof Argentina recognized Ushuaia as the capital of Tierra del Fuego.[15]

Ushuaia suffered several epidemics, including typhus, pertussis, and measles, that decimated the native population.But because the Ymana were not included in census data the exact numbers lost are not known. The first censuswas held in 1893 with 113 men and 36 women living in Ushuaia. The prison was formally announced in anExecutive order by Roca in 1896.[] By 1911 the Ymana had all practically disappeared, so the mission was

closed.[16]

The population grew to 1,558 by the 1914 census.In 1896 the prison received its first inmates, mainly re-offenders and dangerous prisoners transferred from BuenosAires but also some political prisoners. A separate military prison opened in 1903 at the nearby Puerto Golondrina.The two prisons merged in 1910, and that combined complex still stands today. It operated until 1947, whenPresident Juan Pern closed it by executive order in response to the many reports of abuse and unsafe practices.[][17]

Most of the guards stayed in Ushuaia, while the prisoners were relocated to other jails farther north. After the prisonclosed, it became a part of the Base Naval Ushuaia(Spanish) , functioning as a storage and office facility until theearly 1990s.[18]Later it was converted into the current Museo Maritimo de Ushuaia.[19]

During the first half of the 20th century, the city centered around a prison built by the Argentine government toincrease the Argentine population here and to ensure Argentine sovereignty over Tierra del Fuego.[10][11]The prisonwas intended for repeat offenders and serious criminals, following the example of the British in Tasmania and theFrench in Devil's Island.[11]Escape from Tierra del Fuego was similarly difficult, although two prisoners managed toescape into the surrounding area for a few weeks.[10]The prison population thus became forced colonists and spentmuch of their time building the town with timber from the forest around the prison. They also built a railway to thesettlement,[20] now a tourist attraction known as the End of the World Train (Tren del Fin del Mundo ), thesouthernmost railway in the world.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Fuegian_Railwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Devil%27s_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tasmaniahttp://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_Naval_Ushuaiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juan_Per%C3%B3nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Puerto_Golondrinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buenos_Aireshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buenos_Aireshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Executive_%28government%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Measleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pertussishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Typhushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Augusto_Lasserrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commodore_%28rank%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boundary_treaty_of_1881_between_Chile_and_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boundary_treaty_of_1881_between_Chile_and_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sovereigntyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Penal_colonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Julio_Argentino_Rocahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AGobernaci%C3%B3n_Provincia_de_Tierra_del_Fuego_Ant%C3%A1rtida_e_Isla_del_Atl%C3%A1ntico_Sur.jpg

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Ushuaia 10

GeographyFurther information: Southernmost settlements

Satellite view of Ushuaia and its bay

Ushuaia has long been described as the southernmost city in theworld.[2][3]While there are settlements farther south, the only one of any notable size is Puerto Williams, a Chilean settlement of some 2000residents (mostly families of the nearby military bases).[21]As a centerof population, commerce, and culture, and as a town of significant sizeand importance,[22]Ushuaia however clearly qualifies as a city. A 1998article in the newspaperClarn [23] reported that the designation"Southernmost city in the world" had been transferred to PuertoWilliams by a joint committee from Argentina and Chile, but this wasdenied by Argentine authorities,[24][25]and the Secretariat of Tourism of Argentina continues to use the slogan inofficial documentation and web sites.[26]

Climate

View over the Beagle Channel

Ushuaia has a subpolar oceanic climate (KppenCfc) Temperaturesaverage 1.6 C (unknown operator: u'strong' F) in the coolestmonth (July), and 10.4 C (unknown operator: u'strong' F) in thewarmest month (January). The record low is , and record high 29 C(85 F) (December). The record low ever recorded in summer is . Onaverage the city experiences 200 days of light rain or snow a year, withmany cloudy and foggy days. Despite receiving only 530 millimetres(unknown operator: u'strong' in) average annual precipitation,Ushuaia is very humid. A similar climate is found in Trshavn (Faroe

Islands), Unalaska (Alaska), Reykjavk (Iceland) and Stanley (FalklandIslands).

The southwestern winds make the outer islands wetter, reaching 1400 mm (unknown operator: u'strong' in) at Islade los Estados (Staten Island). Because temperatures are cool throughout the year, there is little evaporation. Snow iscommon in winter and regularly occurs throughout the year. Ushuaia occasionally experiences snow in summer(from November to March). Strong winds whip the town.

Climate data for Ushuaia (1961 1990)

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

Average highC (F)

15.0 14.1 12.4 9.8 6.3 4.6 4.5 6.1 8.8 11.1 12.9 13.4 9.9

Average lowC (F)

5.7 5.2 3.5 2.1 0.1 1.3 1.4 1.0 0.5 2.3 3.9 4.9 2.0

Rainfall mm(inches)

30.7(1.209)

33.2(1.307)

47.8(1.882)

49.7(1.957)

54.5(2.146)

54.7(2.154)

46.2(1.819)

60.7(2.39)

39.5(1.555)

34.6(1.362)

35.4(1.394)

41.0(1.614)

528.0(20.787)

Avg. rainydays

22 18 22 23 17 19 15 16 12 15 16 19 214

Source: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)[27]

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_Meteorological_Organisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Falkland_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Falkland_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stanley%2C_Falkland_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Icelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reykjav%C3%ADkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alaskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Unalaska%2C_Alaskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faroe_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faroe_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%C3%B3rshavnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Subpolar_oceanic_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AUshuaia_4.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beagle_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Puerto_Williamshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABahia_Ushuaia.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southernmost_settlements

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Ushuaia 11

Economy

View of the port

Ushuaia Harbor

The main economic activities are fishing, natural gas and oilextraction, sheep farming and ecotourism.

Tourism

Female sea lion and her pup

Les Eclaireurs Lighthouse, located in Ushuaia

Tourist attractions include the Tierra del Fuego National Park andLapataia Bay. The park can be reached by highway, or via the End of the World Train (Tren del Fin del Mundo ) from Ushuaia. The city hasa museum of Ymana, English, and Argentine settlement, including itsyears as a prison colony. Wildlife attractions include local birds,penguins, seals, and orcas, many of these species colonizing islands inthe Beagle Channel. There are daily bus and boat tours to Harberton,the Bridges family compound. Tours also visit the Les EclaireursLighthouse. Les Eclaireurs is sometimes confused with the"Lighthouse at the End of the World" ( Faro del fin del mundo ) madefamous by Jules Verne in the novel of the same name; but the latter liessome 200 mi (320 km) east of Ushuaia on Isla de los Estados (StatenIsland).

Manufacturing

Ushuaia's industrial sector, led by the Grundig Renacer electronicsfactory, is among the largest in Patagonia.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patagoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Factoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grundighttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isla_de_los_Estadoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jules_Vernehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Les_Eclaireurs_Lighthousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Les_Eclaireurs_Lighthousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Estancia_Harbertonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beagle_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Killer_whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pinnipedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Penguinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Fuegian_Railwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Fuegian_Railwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tierra_del_Fuego_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APatagonia-leseclarieus-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Les_Eclaireurs_Lighthousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASea_Lions_Ushuaia.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sea_lionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecotourismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sheephttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petroleumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fishinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AUshuaia_Harbor_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AUshuaia_port.JPG

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Ushuaia 12

Arts and cultureSince 2007 Ushuaia has hosted the Bienal de Arte Contemporneo del Fin del Mundo (Bienniel of Contemporary Artat the End of the World), created and organized by the Patagonia Arte & Desafo Foundation under the rubric "SouthPole of the Arts, Sciences, and Ecology". The Bienal has gathered over one hundred artists from five continentsaddressing the motto "think at the End of the World that another world is possible". As a pedagogical project it

encourages students at all levels to "think about a better world".

SportsAs in most of Argentina, football is a popular sport in Ushuaia, and in 2010 the TV show FIFA Mundial did a storyabout the sport's development in this locality.

Parks and recreationDownhill and cross-country skiing

A number of ski areas are located near Ushuaia including Glacier El Martial and Cerro Castor. Opened in 1999,[28]

Cerro Castor is the southernmost ski area in the world.[29][30]On Cerro Castor, it is possible to ski just 200 m(660 ft) above sea level. The summit reaches an elevation of 1057 meters (3468 ft) above sea level, and consistentlycool temperatures allow the longest skiing season in South America. Winter temperatures fluctuate between 0 and5 C (32 to 23 F) It has five ski lifts and 26 ski trails for all skill levels. There are cafeterias, mountain huts, a skischool, a first aid room and a forest of beech.[31] Snowboarding, sledding, and snowshoeing are also available atCerro Castor, in addition to alpine skiing.[32] It is located on the southern side of Cerro Krund,[33] 27 km (17 mi)north of Ushuaia. The ski season is typically between June through October. The glacier is popular even during thesummer months, when the chairlift operates in both directions. Hiking trails lead from the city's edge to the base of the glacier, which has retreated considerably over the past century, as shown in photographs on display at theAntarctic Museum of Ushuaia.[34]

EducationUshuaia has twelve secondary schools, four of which also provide adult education.[35][36]The Colegio Nacional deUshuaia[37] is one of the youngest schools in the city and it was modeled after the Colegio Nacional de BuenosAires. Another important secondary school is Colegio Diocesano Monseor Miguel ngel Alemn, which takes itsname after the Monsignor of the same name.

The National University of Patagonia San Juan Bosco[38] operates a campus in Ushuaia, with Faculties of Engineering, Economics and Humanities, and Social Sciences.

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Ushuaia 13

Media

Television

Ushuaia has two television stations, channel 11[39]and channel 13.[40]

NewspapersThere are two main newspapers, El Diario del Fin del Mundo [41] and El Diario La Prensa ,[42] plus several otherminor publications.

InfrastructureUshuaia has a fully functional hospital, an international airport, and primary and secondary schools, as well asinstitutions of higher learning. Its residents enjoy an organized public transportation system and a functioningmunicipality. Ushuaia is also the capital of Tierra del Fuego Province.[43]

Transportation

Celebrity Cruises MV Zenith and Orient LinesMS Marco Polo cruise ships at Ushuaia

Air

Ushuaia receives regular flights at Ushuaia Malvinas ArgentinasInternational Airport from Buenos Aires and Santiago, Chile.

Sea

In addition to being a vacation destination for local and internationaltourists, Ushuaia is also the key access point to the Southern Ocean,including subantarctic islands such as South Georgia and the SouthSandwich Islands and Antarctic islands such as the South Orkney Islands and the South Shetland Islands. Its

commercial pier is the major port of departure in the world for tourist and scientific expeditions to the AntarcticPeninsula. Cruise ships visiting the Falkland Islands (referred to by Argentinians as Islas Malvinas ) and Antarcticadock at the port, as well as Princess Cruises, Holland America Line, Celebrity Cruises which transit betweenValparaso, Chile, to Buenos Aires and beyond. Antarpply Expeditions, Global Maritime, Hurtigruten, LindbladExpeditions, Orient Lines, Quark Expeditions, Regent Seven Seas Cruises, and other passenger and freight linesprovide regularly scheduled services between Ushuaia and all local seaports and settlements. Australis Cruisesprovides regular service between Ushuaia and Punta Arenas from September to April. Tourists can also visit CapeHorn (in Chilean waters) by boat or helicopter.

Land

The southern terminus of the Pan-American Highway, which is also the southern end of Argentina National Route 3,is located in Tierra del Fuego National Park.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Route_3_%28Argentina%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pan-American_Highway_%28South_America%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cape_Hornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cape_Hornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Punta_Arenashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regent_Seven_Seas_Cruiseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quark_Expeditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orient_Lineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurtigrutenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buenos_Aireshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valpara%C3%ADsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celebrity_Cruiseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holland_America_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess_Cruiseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antarcticahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Falkland_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cruise_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antarctic_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antarctic_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Shetland_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Orkney_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Antarctic_and_sub-Antarctic_islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Subantarctichttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santiago%2C_Chilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buenos_Aireshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ushuaia_%E2%80%93_Malvinas_Argentinas_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ushuaia_%E2%80%93_Malvinas_Argentinas_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACelebrityOrientUshuaia.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MS_Marco_Polohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orient_Lineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MV_Zenithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celebrity_Cruiseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tierra_del_Fuego_Province_%28Argentina%29

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Ushuaia 14

Health care

Located at the corner of Avenida 12 de Octubre and Maip, the Hospital Gobernador Ernesto M. Campos [44]is oneof the big health care centers in Ushuaia, the other one is private and it is called Clnica San Jorge.

EcologyFlora

Ushuaia is surrounded by Magellanic subpolar forests. On the hills around the town, the following indigenous treesare found: Drimys winteri (Winter's bark), Maytenus magellanica (Hard-log Mayten) and several species of

Nothofagus (Southern Beech). Trees in Ushuaia tend to follow the wind direction, and are therefore called"flag-trees", for their uni-directional growth pattern.

Fauna

FilmographyUshuaa, le magazine de l'Extrme was the name of a television programme, presented by Nicolas Hulot andbroadcast on the French TV channel TF1 from September 1987 to June 1995. The show is known in English asUshuaia: The Ultimate Adventure , and this language's version was hosted by Perri Peltz and was shown on NBC,CNBC, and international affiliates of the Discovery Channel.

Gay marriage in UshuaiaFurther information: Same-sex marriage in Argentina

On 29 December 2009, the first homosexual couple to marry in Latin America were married in Ushuaia.[45]

Although the Civil Code of Argentina at that time did not allow marriage between people of the same sex, GovernorFabiana Ros issued a special decree allowing the couple to wed there.[45] The marriage was annulled when thedecree was reversed by Tierra del Fuego's judiciary, since the Civil Code did not support it.[46]Same sex marriagebecame legal nationwide in Argentina a few months later, on July 15, 2010, after the approval of a gender-neutralbill by the Argentine National Congress.

Gallery

Port City view Penguins of the Martillo Island,can be accessed on a tourist

excursion browsing the BeagleChannel.

Los Lobos Island can be visitedon sightseeing tours that sail the

Beagle Channel.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABeagle_Channel_-_La_Isla_de_Los_Lobos.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beagle_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APinguinoak.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beagle_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beagle_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AUshuaia_city_view.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AUshuaia_port.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argentine_National_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Same-sex_marriage_in_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Judiciaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Annulmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fabiana_R%C3%ADoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Same-sex_marriagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Civil_Code_of_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Latin_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Same-sex_marriage_in_Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Discovery_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNBChttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NBChttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perri_Peltzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TF1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Hulothttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Krummholzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nothofagushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maytenus_magellanicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drimys_winterihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Magellanic_subpolar_forests

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Ushuaia 15

Sister cities

Country City

Israel Eilat

Bolivia Sucre

USA Barrow, Alaska

References[1] "INDEC (Argentine Ministry of Economics) 2010 Census results" (http:/ / censo2010. indec. gov. ar/ CuadrosDefinitivos/ P2-D_94_14. pdf).

. Retrieved 2011-11-21.[2] "Introduction to Ushuaia" (http:/ / travel. nytimes. com/ frommers/ travel/ guides/ central-and-south-america/ argentina/ patagonia/ ushuaia/

frm_ushuaia_2358010001. html).The New York Times . November 20, 2006. . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[3] "Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. britannica. com/ EBchecked/ topic/ 620331/ Ushuaia). Britannica . . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[4] "The Selk'nam (Ona)" (http:/ / foragers. wikidot. com/ the-ona). Hunter-Gatherer Wiki . Anthropology Department, Ohio State University. .

Retrieved 2010-11-28.

[5] "Beage Channel" (http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ Beagle_Channel). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[6] Every, D.D., Right Reverend, Edward Francis (1915). "The South American Missionary Society" (http:/ / anglicanhistory. org/ sa/ every1915/

sams. html). Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1915., London. . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[7] "roughguides" (http:/ / www. roughguides. com/ website/ travel/ Destination/ content/ default. aspx?titleid=151& xid=idh571931328_0750). .

Retrieved 2010-11-28.[8] "Historia de Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. org. ar/ historia/ ushuaia/ resena. php?idpag=01). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[9] "Spanish Tierra del Fuego" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. org. ar/ ushuaiabyn/ ush_tx. htm). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[10] Spanish "Prison synonymous for suffering" (http:/ / pdf. diariohoy. net/ 2004/ 02/ 25/ pdf/ u08tu. pdf). Spanish. Retrieved 2010-11-28.[11] "Spanish Historia de Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. interpatagonia. com/ ushuaia/ historia. html). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[12] "Spanish Historia de Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. welcomeargentina. com/ ushuaia/ historia. html). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[13] "Tierra del Fuego Province" (http:/ / www. argentour. com/ en/ province/ tierra_del_fuego/ ushuaia/ ushuaia. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[14] "Cape Horn Patagonian News" (http:/ / www. victory-cruises. com/ cape_horn_patagonian_news5. html). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[15] "tierradelfuego" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. org. ar/ historia/ ushuaia/ resena. php?idpag=01). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[16] "Ona People" (http:/ / www. der. org/ films/ ona-people. html). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[17] Vittar, Daniel; Redaccion Clarin (22 May 2006). "Viaje a la Carcel de Ushuaia Historias macabras en el museo del fin del mundo" (http:/ /

www. clarin. com/ diario/ 2006/ 05/ 22/ conexiones/ t-01199796. htm). Grupo Clarin. . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[18] "rionegro" (http:/ / www. rionegro. com. ar/ diario/ cultural/ 2008/ 03/ 01/ 11648. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[19] "Museo Maritimo de Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. museomaritimo. com/ ). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[20] "Noticiaspatagonicas" (http:/ / www. noticiaspatagonicas. com. ar/ servicios/ elpresidio. htm). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[21] Su poblacin, de aproximadamente 1.700 habitantes, esta compuesta casi en su totalidad, por personal de la Armada y sus familiares

"Puerto William" (http:/ / www. chilecollector. net/ archwebfila03/ archwebstamp0900/ stampset0962. html).Su poblacin, deaproximadamente 1.700 habitantes, esta compuesta casi en su totalidad, por personal de la Armada y sus familiares . Retrieved 2010-11-28.

[22] "City" (http:/ / www. thefreedictionary. com/ city). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[23] "Ushuaia ya no sera la cuiduad mas Austral de Mundo" (http:/ / www. clarin. com/ diario/ 1998/ 06/ 30/ e-04801d. htm). . Retrieved

2010-11-28.[24] "Argentine Congress, Lower House" (http:/ / www. diputados. gov. ar/ dependencias/ dcomisiones/ periodo-116/ 116-1243. html). .

Retrieved 2010-11-28.[25] "Argentine Congress Nov 11,1998 Dictamen CXXXVII" (http:/ / www. diputados. gov. ar/ dependencias/ dtaquigrafos/ cxvi-37. html). .

Retrieved 2010-11-28. ""se expresa preocupacin ante la difusin de la informacin publicada sobre el traspaso del slogan que caracteriza a laciudad de Ushuaia como la ciudad mas austral del mundo, a la poblacin chilena de Puerto William""

[26] "Secretariat of Tourism of Argentina" (http:/ / www. argentina. gov. ar/ argentina/ portal/ paginas. dhtml?pagina=2338#patagonia). .Retrieved 2010-11-28.

[27] "World Weather Information Service - Ushuaia" (http:/ / worldweather. wmo. int/ 050/ c00859. htm). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[28] "Cerro Castor, Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. patagonia. com. ar/ tdelfuego/ ushuaia/ cerro_castor. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[29] "Cerro Castor" (http:/ / www. cerrocastor. com/ ). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[30] "Cerro Castor" (http:/ / www. welcomeargentina. com/ castor/ ). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[31] "Cerro Castor" (http:/ / www. argentour. com/ es/ esqui/ cerro_castor. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.

[32] "Cerro Castor Centro de Ski, Argentina" (http:/

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http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1128980http://www.argentinaski.com/esp/cerro-castor/http://www.argentour.com/es/esqui/cerro_castor.phphttp://www.welcomeargentina.com/castor/http://www.cerrocastor.com/http://www.patagonia.com.ar/tdelfuego/ushuaia/cerro_castor.phphttp://worldweather.wmo.int/050/c00859.htmhttp://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=2338#patagoniahttp://www.diputados.gov.ar/dependencias/dtaquigrafos/cxvi-37.htmlhttp://www.diputados.gov.ar/dependencias/dcomisiones/periodo-116/116-1243.htmlhttp://www.clarin.com/diario/1998/06/30/e-04801d.htmhttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/cityhttp://www.chilecollector.net/archwebfila03/archwebstamp0900/stampset0962.htmlhttp://www.noticiaspatagonicas.com.ar/servicios/elpresidio.htmhttp://www.museomaritimo.com/http://www.rionegro.com.ar/diario/cultural/2008/03/01/11648.phphttp://www.clarin.com/diario/2006/05/22/conexiones/t-01199796.htmhttp://www.clarin.com/diario/2006/05/22/conexiones/t-01199796.htmhttp://www.der.org/films/ona-people.htmlhttp://www.tierradelfuego.org.ar/historia/ushuaia/resena.php?idpag=01http://www.victory-cruises.com/cape_horn_patagonian_news5.htmlhttp://www.argentour.com/en/province/tierra_del_fuego/ushuaia/ushuaia.phphttp://www.welcomeargentina.com/ushuaia/historia.htmlhttp://www.interpatagonia.com/ushuaia/historia.htmlhttp://pdf.diariohoy.net/2004/02/25/pdf/u08tu.pdfhttp://www.tierradelfuego.org.ar/ushuaiabyn/ush_tx.htmhttp://www.tierradelfuego.org.ar/historia/ushuaia/resena.php?idpag=01http://www.roughguides.com/website/travel/Destination/content/default.aspx?titleid=151&xid=idh571931328_0750http://anglicanhistory.org/sa/every1915/sams.htmlhttp://anglicanhistory.org/sa/every1915/sams.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beagle_Channelhttp://foragers.wikidot.com/the-onahttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/620331/Ushuaiahttp://travel.nytimes.com/frommers/travel/guides/central-and-south-america/argentina/patagonia/ushuaia/frm_ushuaia_2358010001.htmlhttp://travel.nytimes.com/frommers/travel/guides/central-and-south-america/argentina/patagonia/ushuaia/frm_ushuaia_2358010001.htmlhttp://censo2010.indec.gov.ar/CuadrosDefinitivos/P2-D_94_14.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barrow%2C_Alaskahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sucrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boliviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Bolivia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eilathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Israel.svg

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Ushuaia 16

[34] "Museo Antrtico Ushuaia Dr. Jos Mara Sobral" (http:/ / www. museomaritimo. com/ MA/ eelmuseo. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[35] "Ministerio de Educacin, Cultura, Ciencia y Tecnologa - Escuela de Adultos" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. gov. ar/ m_educct/

est_secundarios. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[36] "quefuede" (http:/ / quefuede. universia. com. ar/ buscarcentro. asp?txtName=& txtCity=& search=1& txtRegion=Tierra del Fuego). .

Retrieved 2010-11-28.[37] "Colegio Nacional de Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. cnu. edu. ar/ index. php?option=com_content& task=view& id=32& Itemid=36). . Retrieved

2010-11-28.

[38] "Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco" (http:/ / www. unp. edu. ar/ ). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[39] "Channel 11" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. gov. ar/ canal11/ icanal11. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[40] "Channel 13" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. gov. ar/ canal13/ icanal13. php). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[41] "eldiariodelfindelmundo" (http:/ / eldiariodelfindelmundo. com/ ver. php?modulo=principal). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[42] "Diarioprensaushuaia" (http:/ / www. diarioprensaushuaia. com/ ). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[43] "Tierra del Fuego government website" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. gov. ar/ ). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[44] "El Hospital Regional Ushuaia" (http:/ / www. tierradelfuego. org. ar/ Funcardio/ hospital. htm). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.[45] "Buenos Aires Herald" (http:/ / www. buenosairesherald. com/ article/ 21132/ gay-couple-weds-in-tierra-del-fuego). 29 December 2009. .

Retrieved 2010-11-28.[46] "clarin.com" (http:/ / www. clarin. com/ diario/ 2010/ 04/ 15/ um/ m-02181335. htm). . Retrieved 2010-11-28.

External links (Spanish) Municipality of Ushuaia (http:/ / www. ushuaia. gov. ar/ ) (official website) (Spanish) Online community of residents (http:/ / www. canalushuaia. org. ar) (English) Wikitravel Page about Ushuaia (http:/ / wikitravel. org/ en/ Ushuaia) (Spanish) Interactive city map (http:/ / www. ushville. com/ ) (requires Flash)

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Article Sources and Contributors 17

Article Sources and ContributorsEl Chaltn Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=475470401Contributors : Acadian350, Aelfthrytha, Bkperry, Buron444, Cralize, Cucatrap, Darwinek, Davo1949, Drpickem,Ermanon, GoingBatty, Heresthecasey, Lolgramoth, M-le-mot-dit, Marianocecowski, Moebiusuibeom-en, Mtiedemann, Pablovqz, Pagnus, Qsebas, Ser Amantio di Nicolao, Stevage,TomSutherland909, Wdyoung, 25 anonymous edits

El Calafate Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=490346010Contributors : 1brettsnyder, Aelfthrytha, Alefu, Alexf, Apalsola, Big777jet, Bkperry, Chanheigeorge, D6, DavidEdgar, Dentren, Drozdp, Edorfbir, Fpga, Gaius Cornelius, HennessyC, IFCM, IlyaHaykinson, Jameswilson, Jmcc150, Jor70, LibStar, LilHelpa, Lotje, Manuelapat, Marianocecowski, Mhockey,

Moebiusuibeom-en, Nickleina, OS2Warp, Ozhiker, Padonsouth, Plastikspork, Qsebas, R'n'B, Rich Farmbrough, Rjwilmsi, Rosieryan, SchuminWeb, SeanMack, Sebasbronzini, Sherlock4000,Tecnoduque, Tom.lorenc, Tommyt, 34 anonymous edits

Ushuaia Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=495333848Contributors : *drew, Aaron of Mpls, Aaronbrick, Acalamari, Aconcagua, Ahn J, Alansohn, Alexf, Andlynx,AntonioMartin, Archernewland, Big Adamsky, Biloxibear, Bleff, Bletch, Bobo192, Bogey97, Bolivian Unicyclist, BrOnXbOmBr21, Callmeback, Cambalachero, CapitalR, Capricorn42,Captain-n00dle, Cauquen, Cdc, Charly3360, Chris j wood, Chuckarg33, Citylover, Clasalv, Cmprince, Coquimbano, Daniel dj87, Danny, Danyg, Davewild, Dcsohl, Deflective, DeirYassin,Dentren, DiverDave, Dl2000, DocWatson42, Dr. Blofeld, E. Ripley, Echidna2007, El C, Elphion, Emijrp, Entirelybs, Entropy1963, EoGuy, Erik the Pale, Escape Orbit, Eustress, Faezdel,Florenciaefe, Fpga, G. Capo, Gary Cziko, Geo Swan, GregorB, H0tte, HennessyC, Hmains, Hushpuckena, IlyaHaykinson, Imagea.org, IndulgentReader, Jaguarlaser, Jaksmata, James Bartosik,Jauhienij, Jonik, Jonnuscaesar, Jor70, Joseph Solis in Australia, Just James, Kahastok, Karsthippie, Keenan Pepper, Keesiewonder, Kelovy, Kenyon63, Keysanger, King of the North East, Kjet,Klemen Kocjancic, Kripkenstein, Kwamikagami, LadyInGrey, Lautaro2k, Lawrencekhoo, LibStar, Likeminas, Lproven, Lucas Fernandez, Lvl, MIKHEIL, Marek69, Marianocecowski,Mathpianist93, Megaman en m, Mhockey, Mixi10, Modster, Moebiusuibeom-en, Mtiedemann, Naddy, Nanami Kamimura, NicAgent, Niceguyedc, Nocturnal Wanderer, Nzseries1, OllieFury,Orangemike, Pablo-flores, Paukrus, Paul-L, PaulHanson, Peak Freak, Pengo, Peter Ellis, Peyre, Pinkville, Plasticup, Poccil, Poppy, Possum, Press olive, win oil, Qrc2006, R'n'B, Ratzer,Rcharding, Rich Farmbrough, Richard75, Ryulong, SDC, SFGiants, Santiago Matamoro, Sardanaphalus, Schoci, Scoelho86, Seanrosenthal61, Secretlondon, Sellyme, Ser Amantio di Nicolao,SethML, Sherlock4000, Sir Nicholas de Mimsy-Porpington, Slawojarek, Sobreira, SqueakBox, Stan Shebs, Stevenkrauss, Storch, Sungold3, Tdowling, TeaDrinker, Tequendamia, TobiasConradi, Uirauna, Umbertoumm, Venerock, VirtualDelight, Vistadeck, WaMackie, Wampa Jabba, Wareq, Wavehunter, Wee Curry Monster, Wfaxon, Wik, Xiaoyu of Yuxi, Xymmax, Yassie,Zigger, 266 anonymous edits

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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 18

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:El Chaltn.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:El_Chaltn.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution 2.0Contributors : DavidFile:Chalten Vueltas.JPG Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Chalten_Vueltas.JPG License : Public DomainContributors : Buron444File:ElChaltenEvening.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:ElChaltenEvening.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors : User:PagnusFile:El Chaltn, panoramic view.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:El_Chaltn,_panoramic_view.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0Contributors :User:Pablovqzfile:Argentina location map.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Argentina_location_map.svg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors :NordNordWestFile:Red pog.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Red_pog.svg License : Public DomainContributors : AnomieFile:Flag of Argentina.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Argentina.svg License : Public DomainContributors : Government of Argentina (vector graphics byDbenbenn)File:ElCalafate-AvenidaSanMartin.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:ElCalafate-AvenidaSanMartin.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.5 Contributors : Heretiq, 1 anonymous editsFile:Cabaas - El Calafate.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Cabaas_-_El_Calafate.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution 2.0Contributors : DouglasFernandesFile:Perito Moreno Glacier Patagonia Argentina Luca Galuzzi 2005.JPG Source :http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Perito_Moreno_Glacier_Patagonia_Argentina_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.JPG License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.5Contributors :Luca Galuzzi (Lucag)File:Glaciarium.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Glaciarium.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors : TecnoduqueFile:Ushuaia Montage.png Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ushuaia_Montage.png License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors : Bleff file:Tierra del Fuego location map.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Tierra_del_Fuego_location_map.svg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0GermanyContributors : NordNordWest, Shadowxfox, ShookeFile:Usuhaia.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Usuhaia.jpg License : Public DomainContributors : Ale4115File:Gobernacin Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antrtida e Isla del Atlntico Sur.jpg Source :http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gobernacin_Provincia_de_Tierra_del_Fuego_Antrtida_e_Isla_del_Atlntico_Sur.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0UnportedContributors : AlbasmalkoFile:Bahia Ushuaia.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Bahia_Ushuaia.jpg License : Public DomainContributors : Dantadd, RosarinagazoFile:Ushuaia 4.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ushuaia_4.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 UnportedContributors : Remi JouanFile:Ushuaia port.JPG Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ushuaia_port.JPG License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors : AcaroFile:Ushuaia Harbor Photo by Sascha Grabow.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ushuaia_Harbor_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg License : Creative CommonsAttribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors : Sascha Grabow www.saschagrabow.comFile:Sea Lions Ushuaia.JPG Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sea_Lions_Ushuaia.JPG License : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0Contributors : Carlos PonteFile:Patagonia-leseclarieus-2.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Patagonia-leseclarieus-2.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0Contributors :Uirauna (talk)File:CelebrityOrientUshuaia.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:CelebrityOrientUshuaia.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.5Contributors :User:VistadeckFile:Ushuaia_port.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ushuaia_port.jpg License : Public DomainContributors : Entropy1963File:Ushuaia city view.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ushuaia_city_view.jpg License : Public DomainContributors : Entropy1963File:Pinguinoak.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Pinguinoak.jpg License : Public DomainContributors : GorkaazkFile:Beagle Channel - La Isla de Los Lobos.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Beagle_Channel_-_La_Isla_de_Los_Lobos.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution2.0 Contributors : IlyaHaykinsonFile:Flag of Israel.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Israel.svg License : Public DomainContributors : The Provisional Council of State Proclamation of theFlag of the State of Israel of 25 Tishrei 5709 (28 October 1948) provides the official specification for the design of the Israeli flag. The color of the Magen David and the stripes of the Israeli flagis not precisely specified by the above legislation. The color depicted in the current version of the image is typical of flags used in Israe l today, although individual flags can and do vary. The flaglegislation officially specifies dimensions of 220 cm 160 cm. However, the sizes of actual flags vary (although the aspect ratio is usually retained).File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Bolivia.svg License : Public DomainContributors : User:SKoppFile:Flag of the United States.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg License : Public DomainContributors : Anomie

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License 19

LicenseCreative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported //creati vecommons.org/lic enses/by-sa /3.0/