Cisco PONC 2015

Pavan Voruganti

Senior Product Manager

March 2015

Bandwidth Explosion

Global IP traffic has increased five fold over the

past 5 years and will increase three fold over the

next 5 years

With a progressive uptake of

video, IP, audio and cloud the

compound annual growth rate

(CAGR) of IP traffic is above

30% per year

Source : : “Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2012-2017.” Cisco. 2013.

“How Cloud, Mobile and Video Will Increase Enterprise Bandwidth Needs through 2017.” Gartner. 2013.

“Extracting Value from Chaos.” IDC. 2011

3 © 2013-2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Optical Innovations

Optics CAPEX shifting

TDM & Packet Switching &

Routing

DWDM Commons DWDM Optics

10G 40G 100G

Bridging the Gap

DSP

Unprecedented Scale

through use of CMOS

Photonics

Si Photonics ROADM

Complete Flexibility No

Manual intervention

and massive scale

100G and beyond

Adaptive rate and high

performance

DSP Innovations

100G and Beyond – nLight Silicon Innovation

40 Gig

100 Gig

200+ Gig

A Track Record of Silicon Innovation

Fully Integrated ASIC

Software Selectable Modulation

Soft-Decision FEC

Transmit Wave Shaping

Increasing capacity

Saving on cost, space and power!

Software Selectable modulation

• Solid lines SMF, Dashed ELEAF, no Raman

• 90 km and 25 dB per span

• Symbol-rate 27.75 Gbaud

• BER 4E-3

Soft Decision FEC

Enhancing Performance is key as we push new modulation schemes to their

reach limits and attempt to eliminate regenerators in networks. 2-3dB performance

enhancement

Hard Decision (HD)

Single bit Decisions : Yes or No

One or Zero

Soft Decision (SD) Probability decisions : Very likely, likely,

...undecided, ... very unlikely

Log Likelihood Ratios (LLRs)

Turbo decoding Multiple decoders ( or observers )

exchange information to enhance result

Iterative decoding Crossword Puzzle metaphor. Firmly

knowing a column word allows to

correct a wild guess for a row word

Next Generation DSP

Ultra low power SD-FEC

64QAM

FlexMod

FlexRate

Client Monitor (100GE, OUT-4, GFEC)

Interworking

Dual Channel

FlexMod

• Different Modulation- formats give different reach

• Current generation chipset provides already SW configurable Capacity versus Reach.

• FlexMod will bridge the gaps

BPSK

QPSK

16QAM

64QAM

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

100

1000

10000

0 10 20 30 40Reach(km

)C-bandcapacity(Tbit/s)

32Gbaud

53Gbaud

Spectralefficiency(bit/s/Hz)

FlexMod : What is it ?

• Spectral bandwidth is the same.

• Each modulation format gives a certain spectral efficiency.

• Capacity and reach changes

QPSK 16-QAM BPSK 64-QAM

12 8 4 2 Bits/

Symbol

(2 pol.) 6

8-QAM

Capacity

@32Gbaud 50G 100G 150G 200G 300G

Time domain Interleaving

QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK

BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK

Relative capacity to QPSK

0.5

1.0

3.0 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

Reach

time

16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 2.0

Reach

QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK

16QAM 16QAM QPSK 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM QPSK

16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM

QPSK QPSK QPSK 16QAM QPSK QPSK QPSK

QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK

BPSK QPSK BPSK QPSK BPSK QPSK BPSK

BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK

Relative capacity to QPSK

16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM

64QAM 64QAM 16QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 16QAM

16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM

0.5

0.75

1.0

1.25

1.5

1.75

2.0

2.25

2.5

2.75

3.0 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

Reach

time

Time domain Interleaving Reach

Flex ROADM

The nLight ROADM Paradigm Shift Touchless Operation

Complete Control in Software; No Physical Intervention Required

Foundation for Multi-Layer Network Programmability

Omni-Directional – ROADM ports

are not direction-specific (re-route

does not require fiber move)

Flex Spectrum – Ability to provision

the amount of spectrum allocated to

wavelength(s), allowing for 400 Gb

and 1T channels.

Colorless – ROADM ports are not

frequency-specific (re-tuned laser

does not require fiber move)

Contentionless - Same frequency

can be added/dropped from multiple

ports on same device.

Omni-Directional – ROADM ports

are not direction-specific (re-route

does not require fiber move)

Flex Spectrum – Ability to provision

the amount of spectrum allocated to

wavelength(s), allowing for 400 Gb

and 1T channels.

Colorless – ROADM ports are not

frequency-specific (re-tuned laser

does not require fiber move)

Contentionless - Same frequency

can be added/dropped from multiple

ports on same device.

Flex Spectrum DWDM Architecture

Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4

DSP-Enabled

Transmitters

Flex Spectrum

ROADM

Signal Shaping

50GHz 50GHz 50GHz

TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4

Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4

Today‘s 50GHz Grid System FlexSpectrum DWDM system

Optical multiplexer

Denser Channel

Spacing

Optimizing bandwidth instead of distance

nLight ROADM Flex Spectrum

Flex Spectrum 50 GHz ITU Grid

Rigid spacing Wasted spectrum Superchannel with tightly spaced

sub-carriers Efficient spectrum use

Lighting the way to flexible, dynamic packet-to-wavelength mapping

Graceful growth to terabit and greater superchannels

CMOS Photonics

Moore’s Law - review

Smaller transistors every 18-24 months

• 2x density cheaper • Not really 2x (half-steps…)

• Skyrocketing costs

• Faster switching • Fast silicon surrounded by not-so-fast physics

• Lower operating voltages • Voltage scaling has nearly stopped (~0.85V)

• Lower power • Higher leakage

• Power vs. performance tradeoff 90nm 65nm 45nm 32nm 22nm 14nm 10nm

“Traditional” 2x scaling

CSCO today

40nm 28nm 16nm 12nm

Opportunity

Time

Pow

er/

Space

Optics

Silicon Photonics

Silicon

Integration has lagged in optical technology • Dissimilar materials • Dissimilar environmentals • Dissimilar economies of scale

(vs. CMOS)

“CPAK”

CFP 1st-gen 100G-LR4 CPAK module:

• 70% less power

• 70% smaller

• Significant cost savings

• Broad usage across Cisco

Significantly lower size/power enables larger face plate density

Enabled industry’s 1st 1 Tb/s line card on NCS 6K platform!

CPAK™: 100G Transceiver Innovation Breaking Through the Capacity Brick Wall • Industry’s first CMOS Photonics Solution

• CMOS Photonics – Light processing in Silicon!

• 70% size reduction, 70% power reduction

• IEEE Standards based

• OTU4 compliant, SR10, LR4, ER4 variants

NEW

CFP

CPAK

CPAK is the smallest 100G form-factor capable

of supporting the full range of IEEE reaches

available. Comparison:

10 CPAKs = 1 Terabit

1 Terabit for < 60W

Current 100Gb Coherent Optical Module

iTLA

Tx

Rx

Technology options for DP-QPSK modulator

Scaling down

Package dimension: 102mm X 13.5mm X 7mm

LN (OIF)

Package dimension: ~35mm X 15mm X 7mm

InP

By factor 4

By factor 10 Modulator + Driver

SiP Package dimension: 14.4mm X 11.5mm X 6.6mm

Efficient integration of optics

and electronics

Power dissipation reduction

Cisco 100G Coherent Evolution

Current solution : LN modulator

and driver

SiP modulator with

integrated driver

Simple assembly process

Small Form Factor

Power dissipation reduction

Cost reduction

Reducing Space/Power/Cost of Coherent 100Gb Optics

ITLA

Tx

Rx

Potential System Applications of SiPh Elec

Opt.

op

tic

s

NPU

ASIC

Fabric

ASIC

NPU

ASIC

NPU

ASIC

NPU

ASIC op

tic

s

NPU

ASIC

Fabric

ASIC

1. Embedded client optics:

3. Chip-to-chip local I/O bottleneck:

2. Backplane / Intra-system:

Locations where we would consider introducing Silicon Photonics into a

system leveraging Advanced optical packing platforms

sh

ort

est

op

tic

s

long

est

Fabric

ASIC

NPU

ASIC

NPU

ASIC

op

tic

s