Personal BehaviorLesson 2, Chapter 21 Managing Stress.

Personal Behavior Lesson 2, Chapter 2 1

Managing StressManaging Stress

Personal Behavior Lesson 2, Chapter 2, Managing Stress

2

MotivationMotivation• What steps can you

take to deal with stress?

• How can you make the most of your time?

• How can you improve your study skills?


3

Lesson overviewLesson overview• What is stress?

• What are common causes of stress for teens?

• How does the body respond to stress?

• How does stress affect health?

• What are specific skills for managing stress?


4

Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)• How can you manage your time to reduce

stress?• Why are effective study habits important?• What is the best way to include studying in

your schedule?• How can you use the OK4R method of

studying?


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Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)• How can you use the PQRST method of

studying?• What is the best way to memorize material?• What strategies can you use to take good

notes?• What is the best way to prepare for tests and

exams?


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Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)• How can you use the library when

studying?

• How can you get the most out of any study program?

• What is the best way to do homework?


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Quick WriteQuick WriteJot down the types of situations that are most likely to cause you to feel stress.


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What is stress?What is stress?• Stress—your body’s response to

change• Eustress—positive stress• Distress—negative stress


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What are common causes of stress for teens?

What are common causes of stress for teens?

• Stressor —anything that causes stress• Ranges from everyday annoyances to serious

personal problems• Affects people in different ways


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What are common causes of stress for teens? (cont’d)

What are common causes of stress for teens? (cont’d)


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How does the body respond to stress?

How does the body respond to stress?

• Response to stress• Involves nervous system and endocrine

system• Is largely automatic


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How does the body respond to stress? (cont’d)


• Occurs in three stages

• Alarm—body and mind go on high alert

• Resistance—the stage in which you “fight” or take “flight”

• Fatigue—body loses its ability to adapt to the situation


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• Possible symptoms of stress in teens include• Lack of energy• Apathy• Violence• Withdrawal• Nightmares• Drug or alcohol use• Headaches


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How does stress affect health?How does stress affect health?

• Stress negatively affects• Physical health• Mental/emotional health• Social health


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How does stress affect health?How does stress affect health?

• Physical effects• Stomach and digestive problems• Headaches • Asthma• High blood pressure • Weakened immune system


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How does stress affect health? (cont’d)

How does stress affect health? (cont’d)

• Mental/emotional and social effects• Difficulty concentrating• Mood swings • Increased risk of using drugs, drinking, or

smoking


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What are specific skills for managing stress?

What are specific skills for managing stress?

• Relax.

• Keep a positive outlook.

• Learn to be assertive.


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What are specific skills for managing stress? (cont’d)What are specific skills for managing stress? (cont’d)


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• Ignore circumstances that can’t be changed.• Be physically active.• Find a hobby you enjoy.• Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.• Eat nutritious foods.• Seek support.


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How can you manage your time to reduce stress?

How can you manage your time to reduce stress?

• Prioritize tasks.

• Do it right the first time.

• Review your goals each day and plan for the next day.

• Improve your listening skills.

• Keep telephone calls short.


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How can you manage your time to reduce stress? (cont’d)


• Prepare and use meeting agendas.

• Prepare for meetings.

• Plan for long-range projects.

• Allow time for the unexpected.

• Don’t do things that don’t matter.


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• Don’t tackle too many tasks at the same time.

• Don’t work with unclear instructions.

• Finish one task before starting another.

• Systematize work.

• Don’t procrastinate.


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• Keep a time log.

• Don’t tackle the uncontrollables.

• Deal with the causes of problems.

• Involve only those who need to be involved.

• Learn how to say “no.”


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• Know how to reduce stress and tension.

• Learn from your mistakes.

• Schedule the most difficult or most important tasks first.


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Why are effective study habits important?

Why are effective study habits important?

• Effective study habits• Help reduce stress• Make studying more pleasant• Increase speed of learning• Improve grades


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What is the best way to include studying in your schedule?


• Plan regular study periods.

• Work on big assignments right away.

• Take short breaks.

• Limit study time by subject.

• Begin with the most boring or hardest subject.


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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• Study similar subjects at separate times.

• Avoid studying when tired.

• Create a schedule.

• Use weekends wisely.

• Fit in time for your health.


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How can you use the OK4R method of studying?

How can you use the OK4R method of studying?

• O. Overview

• K. Key Ideas

• R1. Read

• R2. Recall

• R3. Reflect

• R4. Review


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How can you use the PQRST method of studying?

How can you use the PQRST method of studying?

• Preview

• Question

• Read

• State

• Test


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What is the best way to memorize material?

What is the best way to memorize material?

• Memorize actively, not passively.

• Ask questions if you don’t understand.

• Verbalize some types of study.

• Use flashcards to memorize words, formulas, etc.


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What strategies can you use to take good notes?

What strategies can you use to take good notes?

• Write down only important ideas.

• Keep these rules in mind:• Use your own words.• Condense information.• Cite the source.


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What strategies can you use to take good notes? (cont’d)


• Follow experts’ advice.

• General hints• Listen for key words, clues, and transition

words.• Use outline form.• Abbreviate words.


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• Copy accurately all formulas, rules, and assignments.

• Develop a personal notehand.• Highlight ideas the instructor emphasizes.• Reread your notes to see if anything

important is missing or incorrect.


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• When outlining, group ideas so that their relationships are clear.• Make main categories under a general topic.• Organize the specific facts under the

categories.


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What is the best way to prepare for tests and exams?

What is the best way to prepare for tests and exams?

• Keep up with assignments.

• Study regularly.

• Try to anticipate the questions the instructor might ask.

• Understand the information and relate it to what you know.


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What is the best way to prepare for tests and exams? (cont’d)


• Avoid “test anxiety.”

• For short answer tests, pay attention to details.

• For essay tests, think about relationships in the material.

• Avoid cramming.


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• Make use of returned exams.

• Read test directions carefully.

• Follow tips for different kinds of tests: short-answer, completion, true-false, matching, and essay.


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How can you use the library when studying?

How can you use the library when studying?

• Take advantage of the reference section.

• Use learning aids.

• Ask the librarian for help.


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How can you get the most out of any study program?

How can you get the most out of any study program?

• Develop a positive attitude toward studying.

• Set goals and work toward achieving them.

• Pay attention in class.• Turn in your work on time.• Proofread everything you turn in.


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How can you get the most out of any study program? (cont’d)How can you get the most out of any study program? (cont’d)

• Use a system for note taking.

• Review notes often.

• Rewrite notes.

• Take frequent breaks.

• Adequately study all notes.


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How can you get the most out of any study program? (cont’d)How can you get the most out of any study program? (cont’d)

• Know what the instructor emphasizes.

• Anticipate test questions.

• Complete assigned reading on time.

• Set aside time every day for review.


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What is the best way to do homework?

What is the best way to do homework?

• Choose a regular place to study where you won’t be interrupted.

• Get your tools ready.• Have a good light.• Let free air circulate throughout the

room.• Have a personal bookshelf.


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What is the best way to do homework? (cont’d)


• Use a bulletin board.• Make a study schedule.• Have a comfortable chair.• Make sure you have enough room.• Take breaks.• Get rid of distractions—radio, TV,

friends, etc.


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• Do a little rehearsing.

• Read more about the subject.

• Study your hardest subject last.

• When you’re done, reward yourself!


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Lesson reviewLesson review• Stress—the body’s response to change

• Can be positive or negative• Causes range from somewhat stressful events to

extremely stressful events

• The body responds to stress in three stages:• Alarm• Resistance• Fatigue


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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Fatigue can be physical, psychological, or

pathological. • Prolonged or repeated stress can lead to

stress-related illnesses. • Symptoms of stress in teens include

• Lack of energy and changes in habits • Lying, stealing, violence • Drug or alcohol use


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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Excessive or prolonged stress can

negatively impact• Physical health• Mental/emotional health• Social health


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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The first step in stress management is to identify the

source of the stress.• Skills for dealing with stress include

• Knowing how and when to relax• Keeping a positive outlook and learning to be assertive • Ignoring circumstances that can’t be changed• Being physically active and finding a hobby you enjoy • Avoiding drugs, alcohol, and tobacco and eating well• Seeking support when needed


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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Time management

• Involves using your time wisely• Combines planning and self-discipline

• Specific skills for managing time include• Prioritizing daily tasks • Planning and scheduling activities

• Effective study habits help• Make your studying more pleasant• Increase the speed at which you learn • Improve your grades


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Lesson review (cont’d) Lesson review (cont’d)• Studying strategies

• Schedule regular study periods.• Begin work on big assignments right away.• Take short breaks during long study sessions.

• The OK4R method of studying involves • Getting an overview of the material• Skimming the text for key ideas • Reading, recall, reflection, and review


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Lesson review (cont’d) Lesson review (cont’d)• PQRST method of studying

• Preview• Question• Read• State• Test

• To memorize material• Use association.• Ask questions.• Write words and formulas and their meanings or

answers on cards.


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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• To take good notes

• Use your own words.• Condense information.• Record the source of your notes.• Listen for key words, clues, and transition words.• Abbreviate words.

• Learn the note-taking system experts recommend. • To prepare for tests and exams, keep up with

assignments and study regularly.


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Lesson review (cont’d) Lesson review (cont’d)• To review for a test or exam

• Try to anticipate what the instructor might ask.

• For a short-answer test, pay attention to details.

• For an essay test, think about relationships among different aspects of course material.

• Make use of returned examinations.


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Lesson review (cont’d) Lesson review (cont’d)• Read test directions carefully. • At the library, take advantage of the reference

section and learning aids and ask the librarian for help.

• Follow strategies for getting the most out of any study program.

• The best way to do homework is to first a homework plan.


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SummarySummary• What is stress? • What are common causes of stress for teens? • How does the body respond to stress? • How does stress affect health? • What are specific skills for managing stress? • How can you manage your time to reduce

stress?


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Summary (cont’d)Summary (cont’d)• Why are effective study habits important? • What is the best way to include studying in your

schedule? • How can you use the OK4R method of studying? • How can you use the PQRST method of studying? • What is the best way to memorize material? • What strategies can you use to take good notes?


58

Summary (cont’d)Summary (cont’d)• What is the best way to prepare for tests

and exams?

• How can you use the library when studying?

• How can you get the most out of any study program?

• What is the best way to do homework?


59

NextNextDone— Managing stress

Next— Behaving positively

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Personal BehaviorLesson 2, Chapter 21 Managing Stress.

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