Welcome to PetaJakarta.org

Student Presentation

PetaJakarta.org Partners

Welcome

Ms Tania Brown, Chief Operating Officer, SMART Infrastructure Facility, University of

Wollongong

Introduction

Dr Tomas Holderness, Geometrics Research Fellow, SMART Infrastructure Facility,

University of Wollongong

Photo credit: Etienne Turpin

Joint Pilot Study 2014/2015

60 days:

1,000 confirmed reports

69,000 users

100,000 #flood tweets

2.2m Twitter impressions

• Group B funded by DFAT’s New Colombo Plan

• UOW matched funds for group A• Group A:

• Flood Preparation, Geo-tagging & Shelter analysis

• Group B:• Flood Management, response &

impacts

Climate Change

• Low-lying coastal systems are especially sensitive to:

- Ocean acidity

- Sea level rise

- Elevated ocean temperature

(Photos by Chelsea Flood)

Climate Change

• Low-lying coastal systems are especially sensitive to:

- Ocean acidity

- Sea level rise

- Elevated ocean temperature

(Photos by Chelsea Flood)

Climate Change

• Projected sea level increase of 0.35 to 0.70 m by the year 2100(Nurse et al 2014)

• “Virtually certain” that rates of global mean sea level rise are

accelerating (IPCC 2014, eds. Field et al)

Global averaged and Pacific/Indian Ocean averaged sea levels over the period 1993 to 2001. T/P represents Topex/Poseidon data. Mathematical reconstruction (‘reconstructed’) of the data also shown (Church et al, 2006, p. 160)

Organisations

BPBD

– Disaster mitigation agency who’s focus is on fair and equal relief efforts

through:

• Risk reduction

• Emergency response

• Disaster management

Oxfam and Aksara

– Key resources for the populations largely affected during the floods including:

• Water

• Food

• Hygiene

– Education on the issues

of river health and the related

overall health of the

population

– A focus for the Ciliwung

Institute is garbage disposal

Ciliwung Institute

Organisations

Adversities that this garbage brings;

• Public health issues

• Constriction of the flow path

• Reduced efficiencies and extra

maintenance of water infrastructure

– Improving methods for garbage disposal

– Education on step filtration for wastewater treatment

– Awareness of using biogas as an energy source

Initiatives

Katulampa Gate

Urbanisation

• Jakarta has the highest level of Urbanisation in the world

• The Population of Jakarta has doubled over the last 10

years

• Urban pull from Java to Jakarta will continue due to

modern economics

• Urban Sprawl has led to extreme changes in the

watershed

• Increased impermeable surfaces increase the frequency

and magnitude

Infographic emphasising how urbanisation increases the intensity and speed of banjir, a growing problem for Jakarta.

Construction of Apartments for evicted residents of the Penjaringan Region. Large areas of previously permeable land will increase the risk of flash flooding to nearby residents. 24/01/2015.

• High rubbish, sediment and nutrient levels in flood waters

have drastically reduced local marine water quality

• Fishing Industry backbone of Northern Jakarta economy,

specifically poorer communities

• Bay near Penjaringan pumping station unfishable

• All of Jakarta’s problems concentrated onto one community

• Government action is addressing this problem

Fisheries

3 pipes at the Penjaringan Pumping station that discharge the majority of the greater Jakarta watershed's into the ocean. Matt Ellis 24/01/2015.

Dredging Operations at the Penjaringan reservoir is one way government is currently addressing water quality. Matt Ellis 24/01/2015.

• Jakarta is a megacity. Population will increase. Planning

foresight will solve many future problems.

• Solving the Banjir problems will have flow on effects to all of

Jakarta.

• Sustainable design must be the ultimate goal of Jakarta to

ensure a bright future.

Future Implications

• BPBD collaborate with a range of groups using spatial models

• Applications include:

– Representing affected areas, contingency planning and flood risk

analysis

• BPBD use models to regularly update the public on current conditions

– Areas currently experiencing

flooding

– Water depth in these areas

through simple colour coding

Flood Assessment

Example of BPBD output map (Twitter)

Contingency Planning

Example of evacuation centre (Vanessa Davis)

• Flood data overlays population and infrastructure data

- Allows estimation of infrastructure damage and economic

costs

• Population data allows quantification of emergency resources

needed

- Particularly useful for BPBD to prepare for future events

• The model includes comprehensive

data from

- Lidar DEM at 1m resolution

- Weather data from radar

- River discharge and water levels

collected by BPBD

- Hydrological and hydrodynamic

modelling

- Tide gauges

Flood Risk Model (Insurance Industry)

Example DEM (iRisiko presentation)

• Potential for future use in prediction, however;

- Data must be up to date: highly dynamic, rapidly expanding city

- Unmeasured variables such as garbage can change waterway

dynamics

• Perspective on practical skills

learned in my degree

• Seeing both the human and

theoretical side to the issues

• BPBD showed that complex

issues can be tackled with

innovative approaches and

collaboration

Experience and Insight Gained

Shelters and Supplies

Types of Shelters

• Shelters vary both in size and building type

• There are several types of shelters

– Schools

– Apartment Blocks

– Mosques and Churches

– Car parks

– Community Centres

Photo courtesy of Tim Norris

Shelter Types

At the Shelters• Different areas can and will have different needs dependent on their

location.

• This information needs to be given to the people who distribute the

supplies and the appropriate amount of required items can be

transported to the shelters in need.

Photographs courtesy of Vanessa Davis

Assessing the Needs

• Various NGO’s such as Oxfam and Aksara work closely to

assess what types of aid is needed in what areas.

• From an Engineering perspective, this assessment of a need

the first step of the creation of a solution to an issue.

Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis

Key Issues

• After visiting an evacuation shelter in the Cawung district it was

evident that the main issues associated with the use of evacuation

shelters are:

- Health

- Sanitation

- Warmth

- Food

Photograph courtesy of

Vanessa Davis

Key Issues• Health

– Provide adequate medical support either on site or within close

proximity

• Sanitation

– Ensure that there is a reasonable people-to-toilet ratio

Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis

Key Issues• Warmth

– Provision of blankets/beds

• Food

– Have a kitchen capable of cooking basic foods in large quantities

Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis

Shelters• Need to be able to communicate the type aid required and the

amount of that aid. It is good at the moment, but there is room for

improvement.

• Need to ensure that everyone who needs to come to the shelter can

stay and is able to access to adequate medical facilities

Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis

Shelters

• Need to seriously consider the significance of proper

toilet facilities and quality meals on the morale of

people in the evacuation centres.

• More forethought needs to go into the layout of the city

in terms of location of evacuation centres. As the city

expands this needs to be of major significance.

– Appropriate locations may change over time.

Q & A

SMART Infrastructure Facility

Close

Ms Tania Brown, Chief Operating Officer, SMART Infrastructure Facility, University of

Wollongong

SMART Infrastructure Facility