Integrating experiences and recommendations in
Eco-innovation for Sustainable Production and
Consumption
PETJADA DE CARBONI I
RESIDUS
Eina CO2ZW per àrees industrials
Jornada Regional ECO-SCP-MED
Barcelona, 1 d’octubre 2014.
Xavier Gabarrell, Pere Llorach, Joan Rieradevall Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
Ramon Farreny, Carles M. Gasol
Inèdit Innovació SL
1. Introduction
2. Why ?
3. Basics of
4. The tool
5. Conclusions
1. INTRODUCTION
Globally, the waste sector has a relatively small contribution to emissions of
greenhouse gases (GHGs) (3-5% in 2005).
However, the waste sector is in an unique position to move from a small source
of global emissions to be a great saving of emissions.
Prevention and recovery of waste (material and / or energy) avoids emissions in
other sectors of the economy.
Waste and Climate Change. Global Trends and Strategy Framework
UNEP (2010)
Examples:
•EU (27): 140-200 million tones of CO2 eq. (German Federal Environmental Agency, 2005)
•Catalonia: 0.325 million tones of CO2 eq. (Second Study Climate Change for Catalonia,
Gabarrell et al., 2010)
2. WHY ?
Need to develop a tool for calculating emissions of greenhouse gases
associated to waste management at different levels
In the frame of the project
“Low Cost Zero Waste Municipality”
(1G/MED08-533 ZERO WASTE)
2. WHY ?
Need to develop a tool for calculating emissions of greenhouse gases
associated to waste management at different levels
In the frame of the project
Adaptation of the CO2ZW, designed to calculate CO2 emissions in industrial areas
of urban assimilable wastes (organic matter, glass, paper, metals, paper and
cardboard).
•solid waste managers
•academics
•consultants
•policy makers
•NGO’s
The calculator has been designed to function most effectively at the municipality
scale, however it can be used at any scale (including state, country and
region) if sufficient data is available.
Working in the solid waste field with
access to comprehensive and up-to-date
waste management data
2. WHY ?
3. BASICS OF
What it is?
Who can used it?
Tool for calculating the greenhouse gases emissions of waste treatment and
management based on a limited amount of input data.
Any user (waste manager, consultant, researchers) who has updated data of
waste management at local, regional or national level.
How?
Excel® available for free (online) (http://co2zw.eu.sostenipra.cat/)
3. BASICS OF
• To quantity and report of greenhouse gases emissions.
• Can be usefull to guide local and national waste management policies
•To evaluate alternative waste management schemes
•To calculate potentialities of GHG reductions
What for?
Collection+Transport
Treatment
Which impacts are considered?
3. BASICS OF
¿Qué fracciones e instalaciones de tratamiento se consideran?
Mixed
Waste
Organic
matter Glass
Paper and
cardboard Metal Plastic
MBT X X
COMPOSTING X
ANAEROBIC
DIGESTION X
LANDFILL X
INCINERATION X
SELECTION
AND
RECYCLING
X X X X
Municipal waste
Which fractions and facilities?
3. BASICS OF
• IPCC Method (Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories) for the
degradation of organic matter and wastes combustion
• Sectorial data of energy consumption and efficiencies of facilities (i.e: material
recoveries)
• Databases (i.e. ecoinvent) for the quantification of impacts
How are calculated the GHG emissions?
WASTE TREATMENT PLANT
PROCESS EMISSIONS
RESIDUAL FRACTION
MATERIALS & ENERGY
MATERIAL & ENERGY RECOVERY
WASTE INFLOW
The user can introduce local data if available to adjust the
calculations to their reality
3. BASICS OF
How are presented the GHG emissions?
WASTE TREATMENT PLANT
PROCESS EMISSIONS
RESIDUAL FRACTION
MATERIALS & ENERGY
MATERIAL & ENERGY RECOVERY
WASTE INFLOW
3. BASICS OF
Indirect emissions
Avoided
emissions
Direct emissions
is a tool easy to use, which requires that the user follow a logic steps
entering data
However, there is a user guide which includes:
• user instructions
• methodological notes
User guide
3. BASICS OF
4. THE TOOL
What steps should be followed?
Step 1. System of study Step 2. Description of the system Step 3. Waste composition Step 4. Reference indicators Step 5. Key parameters Step 6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions Step 7. Credits of material and energy valorization
4. THE TOOL
• Trough different steps, the user introduces available data into the
corresponding cells (type questionnaire)
• If there is a lack of information, it will be used default data obtained from
literature.
• Default data available at national level for Slovenia, Spain, Greece, Italy (project
partners) and European
Emisions electric mix (kg CO2/kWh) Biogas capture landfill (%)
Greece 1.03 60.0%
Italy 0.65 48.1%
Slovenia 0.50 36.8%
Spain 0.24 17.2%
Europe 0.50 38.7%
4. THE TOOL
What steps should be followed?
1. System of study
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
4. THE TOOL
2. Description of the system
3. Waste composition
4. THE TOOL
4. Reference indicators
• Waste Directive(2008/98/EC):
recover/recycle ≥ 50% in 2020
• Landfill Directive(99/31/EC):
reduce biodegradables to 35% from 1995 to 2020.
Waste without treatment = 0.
4. THE TOOL
5. Key parameters
These parameters affect strongly the results of the carbon footprint
Gas IPCC 1996 IPCC 2001 IPCC 2007
CO2 1 1 1
CH4 21 23 25
N2O 310 296 298
4. THE TOOL
6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions
4. THE TOOL
Option A
4. THE TOOL
6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions
Option B
4. THE TOOL
6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions
7. Credits of material and energy valorization
4. THE TOOL
Results screen
4. THE TOOL
Results screen
4. THE TOOL
5. CONCLUSIONS
… is an easy tool to use and free access to calculate the carbon footprint of
transport and treatment of urban waste for any user
… provides a first approximation of the carbon footprint from raw data (waste
generation)
… provide an estimation of the potential GHG reductions (or additions)
associated with the life cycle of waste management and the technological
changes in the local waste operations
… is suitable for evaluating waste management choices depending on waste
management infrastructures and waste policies jointly with the quantification of
GHG emissions from MSW management, which is essential to guide waste
policy options and climate change solutions.
www.sostenipra.cat
CARBON FOOTPRINT TOOL OF WASTE
MANAGEMENT IN EUROPE
Thank you for your attention!
http://co2zw.eu.sostenipra.cat/
