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PHILIPPINE HISTORYGeography
Geographic Highlights• TOTAL ISLANDS: 7,100 islands
• TOTAL LAND AREA: 300,000 sq. km
• PHILIPPINE DEEP – deepest point in Philippine waters @ 34,440 feet.
• MABUDIS – northernmost island, part of the Batanes is 78 mi. south of Taiwan.
• SALUAG – southernmost island, part of Sulu is 34 mi. from Borneo.
• SIERRA MADRE – longest mountain range in the Phil. From Cagayan to San Bernardino Strait.
• MT. APO –highest point in the Phil. @ 9,600 ft. located in Mindanao.
MABUDIS/MAVUDIS ISLAND
SALUAG ISLAND
SIERRA MADRE
MT. APO
Geographic Highlights• CAGAYAN RIVER – longest river in the Phil. @ 350km.
• LAGUNA DE BAY – largest lake in the Phil.
• SEASONS:
– SW Monsoon (Habagat): June – Oct. (Rainy Season)
– NE Monsoon (Amihan): Nov. – Feb. (Cool Season)
CAGAYAN RIVER
LAGUNA DE BAY
Geographic Highlights
• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:– 22 out of 402 volcanoes are
active.– After being dormant for
about 600 yrs., Mt. Pinatubo in Zambales erupted on June 15, 1991.
– Mt. Mayon in Albay erruption burried Cagsawa town in Feb 1, 1814.
• EARTHQUAKES: – Manila quake in June 3, 1863
destroyed many structures including Manila Cathedral & the Governor General’s palace in Intramuros forcing the Spanish colonial government to relocate to Malacañang.
– Baguio quake in July 16, 1990 yielded intensity 7.8.
– Tsunami struck Baler, Aurora in December 29, 1755.
– In August 17, 1976, an Intensity 8 earthquake in Moro Gulf generated a tsunami killing more than 3,000 persons along southwestern Mindanao
• As of March 2011– 80 provinces– 138 cities– 1,496 municipalities– 42,026 barangays
• Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Influence of Geography• SHELTER
– Wood, bamboo and palm leaves (anahaw & nipa) typically used for walls & roofing.
– Stone houses of Ivatan people in Batanes.
– Samas people of Sulu, dependent on the sea build their houses on stilts.
– Badjaos live on their boats.
• IDENTITY– TAGALOGS (taga ilog) – live in a region of rivers.– ILONGGOS – attributed to the nose-like features of the river delta
of southern Panay.– MARANAOS (ranao) – referring to Lake Lanao.– TAUSUGS (tau) – man & (sug) – current.
Influence of Geography• POLITICS
– Communities near rivers & seas were seats of large political communities (Manila, Butuan, Jolo).
• SOCIO-ECONOMIC LIFE– Geographical proximity w/ neighboring territories open
opportunities for cross-cultural exchanges & trade.– Geographical features & climate impacts on economic life
devising ways & means of adaptation.
• RECSOURCES– Geographic location determines available natural resources &
sources of renewable energy & fresh water.
Philippine Resources• NATIVE PLANTS
“Star of Leyte” (Phalaenopsis Intermedia)
Mindanao Orchid (Dendrobium shuetzei
Waling-waling (Vanda sanderiana)
Philippine Resources• NATIVE ANIMALS
Tamaraw(Anoa mindorensis)
Philippine eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi)
Philippine freshwater crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis)