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Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears...

Date post: 17-Jan-2016
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Phylum Chordata • Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development • Usually disappears when backbone develops
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Page 1: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Phylum Chordata• Notochord…flexible rod that

gives support during development

• Usually disappears whenbackbone develops

Page 2: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Lancet

Page 3: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Subphylum Vertebrata

• Vertebrae (backbone ) made ofbone or cartilage

• Skull that protects the brain• Endoskelton made of bone or

cartilage

Page 4: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Fish• Adapted to live in water

– Streamlined shape– Muscular tail– Paired fins (ventral, dorsal, pelvic, pectoral

and caudal)– Mucus secretions to decrease friction

• Chemoreception (“smell”)…sense chemicals in water

• Lateral line…small canals in skin tosense vibrations in water

Page 5: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Jawless Fish• Class Agnatha• Includes hagfish and lampreys• Eel-like bodies, skeleton of

cartilage, unpaired fins• Parasites…feed off of other body

fluids…scrape through skin

Page 6: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

hagfish

lamprey

Page 7: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Cartilagenous Fish• Class Condrichthyes• Sharks, rays, skates• Skeleton entirely of

cartilage…flexible, lightweight• Skin has placoid scales …tooth

like spines• Reproduce by internal

fertilization, lay eggs or live birth

Page 8: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Sharks, rays, skates

Page 9: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Sharks, rays, skates

Page 10: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Placoid scales

Page 11: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Bony Fish• Class Osteichthyes• Skelton made of bone• Swim bladder for buoyancy• Gills for gas exchange (a few have

lungs)• Smooth scales cover body• Lobe-finned fish…have flesh parts

to fins• Ray finned …no flesh in fins, most

fish you know

Page 12: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Lobe finned fish• Coelocanth• Lungfish

Page 13: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Ray finned fish

Page 14: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Bony Fish• Circulation: 2 chambered heart,

closed system with arteries, veins and capillaries

• Kidneys and gills for excretion• Well-developed brain• External reproduction, lay eggs

in a mass

Page 15: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Egg mass

Page 16: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Amphibians• Class Amphibia• Live part of live on land and part

in water• Frogs, toads, salamanders• Indirect development

(metamorphosis)

Page 17: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Amphibians• Respiration:

– through moist, thin skin, no scales, mucus layer to keep moist

– with gills– with lungs

• Circulation: 2 circulatory systems– Pulmonary… heart to lungs and back– Systemic… heart to body and back– 3 chambered heart … blood mixes

Page 18: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Amphibians• Webbed feet, no claws• Lungs, gills and skin for

respiration!• Internal fertilization, egg mass

•Order Anura– “tail less”– frogs, toads

Page 19: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Amphibians• Kidneys for excretion• Well developed brain & senses

of sight (nictitating membrane protects eyes underwater),

smell, hearing (tympanic membrane)

Page 20: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Amphibians

•Order Caudata– Salamanders

• Order Gymniophona– Caecilian (look like legless snakes)

Page 21: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Anura… “tailless”

Page 22: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Caudata (salamanders)

Page 23: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Gymnophiona (caecilian)

Page 24: Phylum Chordata Notochord…flexible rod that gives support during development Usually disappears when backbone develops.

Amphibianmetamorphosis

Spring peeper

Not all amphibians undergo metamorphosis, but the ones that do have similar steps


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