sics Practical Exam Viva VoceHi Students!The practical examinations are accompanied by viva voce by the external/internal examiner to ensure the genuineness of their work and toanalysethe understanding of the subject by the students.So it is important to prove yourself by performing well in theviva voce.The following questions will be of some help to prepare well for it. Please remember that the questions following the first is based on your answer to the first question. (However, there are some examiners who come with some questions written on their diary or paper and blindly ask from them. For them, please prepare the questions which are printed on the practical manual.)Questions based on screw gauge experiments1. Define leastcount of a screw gauge2. Define pitch3. What is backlash error? How is it avoided?4. What is zero error? How is it determined?5. When do you say that the zero error is positive or negative?6. What are random errors? How can you minimise them?7. What is the use of ratchet in a screw gauge?Questions based on vernier calipers experiments

using the vernier caliper to measure a nut (Photo credit: Wikipedia)1. Define vernier constant?2. What is the principle of a vernier?3. How is the least count of a vernier calipers determined?4. What are thecommonsources of erroroccurringin using a vernier?5. What are the precautions to be observed while using vernier?6. What is parallax error? How can it be avoided?7. What are the uses of a vernier calipers?8. How will youdeterminethe volume of an irregular glass plate using vernier?Questions based on simple pendulum experiments

Simple pendulum (Photo credit: Wikipedia)1. What is a simple pendulum?2. Define time period of a simple pendulum.3. Define effective length of a simple pendulum.4. What are the factors affecting the time period of a simple pendulum?5. How does altitude from the surface of earth affect the time period of a simple pendulum?6. What is a seconds pendulum?7. What is the effective length of a seconds pendulum?8. Define SHM.9. Why should the oscillations of the simple pendulum must be of small amplitude?10. What are the precautions to be observed while doing the simple pendulum experiment?11. What is the shape of LT^2 graph?12. What is the shape of L-T graph?13. Define point of oscillation of a simple pendulum.Questions based on Hookes Law/Spring constant/helical spring experiments1. State Hookes Law2. Define spring constant3. What is restoring force?4. What is the shape of load extension graph?5. How do you find the spring constant from the load extension graph?6. Define elasticity?7. What do you mean by modulus of elasticity?8. Which is more elastic steel of rubber? Why?Questions based on parallelogram law/concurrent forces experiments1. What are concurrent forces?2. State parallelogram law of forces.3. What do you mean by resultant of a no. of forces?4. What do you mean by equilibrant?5. What are the conditions for translational and rotational equilibrium?6. State triangle law of forces.7. Define force.8. What areco-planarforces?9. What is the minimum no. of nonco-planarforces required to keep a body in equilibrium?10. What is the minimum no. of noncollinearforces required to keep a body in equilibriumhysics Viva Questions1. State the Principle of a potentiometer. (The students say that potential drop is proportional to length but the constant quantities are not mentioned)2. How can we increase the sensitivity of a potentiometer?3. Define figure of merit of a galvanometer.4. Which has more resistance a galvanometer or a milliammeter?5. How does an LED emit light?6. What is the difference between an ordinary diode and an LED?7. Define principal axis of a convex lens?8. What happens to the focal length of a concave mirror if it is immersed in water?9. What are the factors affecting theinternalresistance of a cell?10. What are the difference between primary and secondary cell?11. Why cant we use a dry cell for starting a car?12. What happens to the resistivity of a wire when it is doublefolded?13. How does the resistance of a wire depend on its dimensions?14. Why are the resistances used in a resistance box is like 1,2,2,5,10,20,20,50,100,200,200,500,1000,2000,2000,5000 etc?15. Why constantan or manganin wires are used for making the resistance coils in resistance box?16. What is a standard resistance?17. What are the characteristics of a standard resistance?18. What are the precautions to be observed while doing electricity experiments in general?19. What is a galvanometer?20. What is the resistance of an ideal ammeter?21. Why is ammeter always connected in series and voltmeter always connected in parallel?22. How can we convert a galvanometer into an ammeter or a voltmeter?23. What is shunt?24. What is AVO meter?25. What is the effect of temperature on the resistance of a conductor?26. Why does the resistance of a conductor increases with temperature, whereas that of a semiconductor decreases with temperature.27. What is conductance?28. What are non ohmic devices? give an example.29. What are superconductors?30. Define emf31. Why emf is said to be a misnomer?32. What happens if the battery used in the primary circuit of a potentiometer has less emf compared to the emf of the cell used in the secondary circuit?33. If you find that the galvanometer reading is shaky, what error can you expect?34. What do you mean by figure of merit of a galvanometer?35. Why a moving coil galvanometer is called so?36. What is the principle of a galvanometer