Planning 3G Netwrok With HSPA+ Service Base on 2G Network

7/30/2019 Planning 3G Netwrok With HSPA+ Service Base on 2G Network

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Planning 3G networkwith HSPA+ service

Base on 2G network

Prepared By:Sharif Muhammad Majedul Khan

Senior RF EngineerAfghan Wireless Communication Company

Planning 3G network with HSPA+ service base on 2G Network


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Contents

Overview of WCDMA Radio Network Planning

WCDMA Service Model

WCDMA Coverage Estimation

WCDMA Capacity Estimation

2G Resource Sharing Opportunity for AWCC

HSPA+ service

WCDMA Cell Scrambling Planning

WCDMA Licenses or RNC features

WCDMA KPI

WCDMA Drive Test

WCDMA Site Acceptance


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Evolution from 2G (GSM) to 3G (WCDMA)


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WCDMA Frequency Spectrum

Most 3G UMTS operators have been allocated 10Mhz of paired frequency

spectrum (i.e. 10MHz uplink+10MHz downlink), typically in the 2100Mhz range

allocated worldwide. This is used with two separate paired WCDMA carriers of5Mhz each. AWCC can take 5Mhz paired spectrum initially for 3G operation.

Fig: Frequency Bands usages


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WCDMA Network Planning Flow


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WCDMA Network Planning Flow -Demand Analysis

Planning area basic information: geographical environment, humanistic

environment, economic condition, etc.

Fig: Kabul Clutter Map

Clutter Type(Kabul)

Area(Sq. KM)

3G EstimatedCustomers

Dense Urban 150 30000Urban 80 10000Sub Urban 120 2000


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WCDMA Network Planning Flow- Scale Estimation

Make sure the number of necessary NodeBs based on coverage

Uplink/Downlink coverage cell coverage semidiameter

Calculate the number of necessary NodeBs

Make sure the number of necessary NodeBs based on user

capacity

Uplink/Downlink capacity cell capacity

Calculate the number of necessary NodeBs



WCDMA Network Planning Flow - Preplanning Emulation

Fig: Simulation by planning Tools



WCDMA Network Planning Flow -Site Survey

On the basis of scale estimation, survey the practical optimal site

in emulation.

Take all construction conditions, including power supply,

transportation, electromagnetic background, land confiscation

situation, offset range to the ideal site, economic benefits and

coverage prediction into account.

Determine engineering parameters of the site according to theactual environment, including BS latitude and longitude, antenna

gain, antenna half-power angle, tilt angle, direction angle and hang

height.

Fig: Affect of Bad site selection



WCDMA Network Planning Flow - Propagation Model

Correction

Achieve a radio propagation model more suitable for the

local practical environment.

Measure the different environments respectively.

Fig: Frequency Scanning Drive Test


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WCDMA Service Model

Service Type Basic Features Typical Cases

Conversational Keep time relationship between

information entities in stream,

conversational mode (small delay andstrict delay jitter requirement)

Voice service, video conference,

interactive game, Telnet

Streaming Keep time relationship between

information entities in stream

Voice stream media download,

movie browse, VOD

Interactive Request response mode and keep

data integrity

Basic browse, mobile office,

information service and e-commerce

Background Target has high tolerance to data

delay and data integrity shall be kept

VAS service, SMS, MMS, FTP, E-

mail

In the 3GPP protocol, services of the WCDMA system are grouped

into four classes based on QoS.


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CS Domain Service Model

Call setup Call release

Call duration

Busy Hour Call Attempt (BHCA)

Call duration

Busy hour traffic

Busy Hour Traffic = BHCA x Call Duration /3600

Voice service call model



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CS Domain Service Model

0.015600.9Main line of communication/scenic spot

0.016600.96Rural area

0.018601.018Suburb area

0.02601.2Urban area

0.02601.2Dense building complex area

0.03601.8Irregular building-intensive area

0.045602.7Central business district

Dense Urban area

TrafficErl/BHCall DurationSBHCAArea

1.51200.045Main line of communication/scenic spot

1.61200.048Rural area

1.81200.0509Suburb area

21200.06Urban area

21200.06Dense building complex area

31200.09Irregular building-intensive area

4.51200.135Central business district

Dense Urban area

TrafficmErl/BHCall DurationSBHCAArea

Voice service model

Video phone service model



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PS Domain Service Model

Primary parameters in data service call model

hg/3600/fErl

ga*b*c*d*e*8/1000Service throughput

(kbits/BH)

fService bear rate

eMean packet size (Byte)

dPackets per call

cCalls per session

bApplication proportion

aBHSA of data service

Symbolic OperationParameter



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PS Domain Service Model

Because all services will finally come down to the bear rate, the table

below provides a recommended data service model based on bear rate.

11021.754.2586.8112.5164/384

1734.9487.35140.3161.8864/128

1115.7638.863.0480.6464/64

Rural AreaSuburb AreaUrban AreaDense Urban

Area

Uplink/

Downlink

Proportion

Busy Hour Traffic (kbits)Bear Rate

(kbps)

Note: The data in this table is intended for Class 4 area. For Class 1, 2 and 3

areas, you can multiply the data by 30, 20 and 10 respectively. Overseas

developed areas are taken as Class 1 areas.



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WCDMA Coverage Estimation

Improvement to the space free loss formula for RadioPropagation Model:

Model Name Frequency Range

Okumura-Hata 150 MHz1500 MHz macro cellCost231-Hata 150 MHz2000 MHz macro cell

Cost231 Walfish-Ikegami 800 MHz2000 MHz micro cell

Keenan-Motley 900 MHz and 1800 MHz indoor

environment

General model 150 MHz2000 MHz macro cell



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Cost231-Hata Model

mmbb CAhdhhfPathloss lglg55.69.44log82.13lg9.333.46

f -refers to carrier, unit: MHz, applicable for 150 MHz2000 MHz

bh -refers to BS antenna height, unit: m, effective height 30 m200 m

d -refers to the distance from mobile station to antenna, unit: Km

mAh -refers to mobile station antenna height correction factor

mC -refers to city center correction factor, 3 dBm for large cities

and 0 dBm for middle- and small-size cities



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General Model

Path loss = k1 + k2log(d) + k3Hms + k4lg(Hms) + k5lg(Heff) +k6log(Heff)log(d) + k7(diffraction loss) + clutter loss

d -refers to the distance from mobile station to BS antenna, unit: Km

Heff- refers to the effective height of BS transmit antenna, unit: m

Hms -refers to the height of mobile station antenna, unit: m

diffraction loss- refers to dispersion loss

clutter loss -refers to topographical feature

loss correction factor



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Link Budget ParameterProcessing Gain

Processing gain Processing gain = Chip rate/Bit rate (PG = W/R)

Different services have dissimilar processing gains. As a result,

their service coverage radiuses are different.

PG = 25dB

Voice 12.2 kbps Data 64 kbps Data 384 kbps

Node B

PG = 18dB

PG = 10dB



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Link Budget Parameter Eb/No

Eb/No Power spectrum

Eb/No

required

Subscriber 1NoiseSubscriber 2Subscriber 3

Eb indicates the signal energy per bit, that is, Eb = S/R where S indicates

signal energy and R indicates service bit rate.

No indicates the noise power spectrum density, that is No = N/W where W

indicates bandwidth (3.84 M) and N indicates noise (total receiving power

except the signal itself).

Eb/No = =S

RX

W

N

S

NX

W

R= S

NX PG



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Link Budget ParameterEb/No

Eb/No is related to the service type, moving speed, coding/decoding

algorithm, antenna diversify, power control, and multi-path environment.

Channel

Rate

(kbit/s)

Required

Error Block

Rate

Recommended

Value by 3GPP

12.2


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Link Budget ParameterInterference Margin

Interference margin

)1lg(10 Interference margin = , where indicates the cell load.

For the downlink, the relationship between load and interference still exists.

The interference margin shall be determined by emulation because it is hard to

make the theoretic calculation.

Noise

increasing[dB]

Stablear

ea

Quasi-s

table

area

Unstabl

earea

Load



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Link Budget ParameterThermal Noise

Thermal noise

Noise indicates the thermal noise, caused by electronic thermal

movements in the conductor. It is generated between antenna and receiver

as well as in the damaged component coupler of level 1 of the receiver.

The power spectrum density is the same at the fixed frequency point

because the noise bandwidth is far larger than the system bandwidth. The

noise power generated by the thermal noise source is the same per unit

bandwidth.

Noise = KTW (in the unit of W), -174 dBm at the normal temperature

KBoltzmann constant, 1.38*10-23J/K

TKelvin temperature , 290 K

WSignal bandwidth, 3.84 M

When dBm is taken as the calculation unit:

Noise=10lg(KT)+10lg(W) where 10lg(KT) indicates the thermal

noise density (in the unit of dBm/Hz).



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Link Budget ParameterNoise Coefficient

Noise coefficient

Noise coefficient of the receiver indicates the noise that the

receiver introduces in the processing. It is equal to the ratio of

input S/N to output S/N.

It is generally taken to 2.2 dB for the BS and 5 dB for the MS

during link budget.



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Link Budget ParameterReceiver Sensitivity

BS receiver sensitivity

BS receiver sensitivity indicates the minimum receiving level that the

service channel requires to guarantee the decoding requirement with certain

communication qualities.

N indicates the total noise that the BS receives, that is, N = Noise + Nf + IM.

NoiseThermal noise, NfBS noise coefficient, IMInterference margin

S(dBm) = Eb/No(dB) + 10lg(KTW) + Nf(dBm) + IM(dBm) - 10lg(W/R)

Receiver Sensitivity = 10lg(KT)+Nf+10lg(Eb/No)+10lgR+IM

So:

S(dBm) = Eb/No(dB) + N(dBm) - 10lg(W/R)


Li k B dg t O i


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Link Budget Overview

Noise figure

Cablelosses

Soft handovergain,

antenna gain

Building Penetrationloss

Body loss

Max AllowedPath Loss(L)

= Tx Signal + All Gains Other Losses RxSensitivity




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Bit rate bit/s 64000 a

Total TX power available dBm 21 bTX antenna gain dBi 2 c

Body loss dB 0 d

TX EIRP per traffic channel dBm 23 e=b+c-d

RX antenna gain dBi 18 f

RX cable and connector losses dB 3 g

Receiver noise figure dB 3 hThermal noise density dBm/Hz -174j

Cell loading % 70 k

Noise rise due to interference dB 5.23 l=10*log10(1/(1-(k/100)))

Total effect of noise dBm/Hz -171 m=h+j

Information rate dBHz 48.06 n=db(a)

Effective required Eb/No dB 2.54 o

RX sensitivity dBm -115.40 p=l+m+n+o+correction factor

Soft Handoff Gain dB 4.5 q

Fast fading Margin dB 2.5 r

Log normal fade margin dB 11.6 s

In-building penetration loss (urban) dB 20 t

Maximum path loss urban dB 123.80 pl=e+f+q-g-p-r-s-t

Path loss = Tx signal + all gains - losses - ( SNR + Noise)





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1. Hybrid service intensity analysis

The WCDMA system provides multiple services and the hybrid

service intensity analysis makes the system capacity consumed by

various services equivalent to that consumed by a single service.

2. Uplink capacity estimation

Estimate the BS number that meets the service demand based on the

hybrid service intensity analysis.

3. Downlink capacity estimation

It is a verification process. The BS transmission power formula is used tocalculate the channel number that can be provided by the current BS

scale so as to verify whether this channel number can meet the capacity

requirement, and if it cannot, stations need be added.



Common Capacit Design Methods


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Common Capacity Design Methods

Equivalent Erlangs method : Make a serviceequivalent to another service and calculate the total Erl.

Post Erlang-B method: Calculate the capacity requiredby each service respectively and add them

Campbell method: Make multiple services equivalentto a virtual service and calculate the capacity on the basis

of the virtual service.



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Estimation Flow Chart

Input: system load requirement and coverage requirement

Uplink coverage

estimation

Downlink coverage

estimation

Uplink capacity

estimation

Quantity of base stations

satisfying uplink coverage


satisfying coverage

requirement


satisfying downlink coverage

Quantity B of channelsprovided by the cell

Compare the results and evaluate the larger one

End

Quantity A of channelsrequired by the cell

A


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WCDMA Network Planning BS Parameters Planning

Downlink channel transmission power allocation

Scrambling resource planning

Handoff parameter planning

Frequency allocation

* Attachment: Flexi NODE-B

BS parameters All


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2G Resource Sharing Opportunity for AWCC


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Planning Strategy base on 2G


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3G Coverage Prediction base on 2G DT


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Predict future problem by 2G DT

3G traffic prediction by 2G traffic


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3G traffic prediction by 2G traffic

R i i 2G RAN R


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Reusing existent 2G RAN Resources

S f l O t t


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Successful Operator story

S f l O t t


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Successful Operator story

Reducing CAPEX & OPEX


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Reducing CAPEX & OPEX

Wh t i HSPA


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HSPA Evolution is HSPA+. It means an evolvement direction which is

based on the CDMA and under the condition of compatible with legacyHSDPA/HSUPA network, to enhance the HSPA network by introducing

some new technologies.

HSPA HSPA+ LTECarrier Single-Carrier Single-Carrier Multi-Carrier

Bandwidth 5MHz 5MHz Scalable

(1.25,2.5,5,10,15,20MHz)MA Mode DS-CDMA DS-CDMA OFDMA(DL)

SC-FDMA(UL)

What is HSPA+


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BandwidthHSPA+ P1

(3GPP R7 )

HSPA+ P2

(3GPP R8 )

HSPA+ P3

(3GPP R9/R10 )

5MHz

SISO 21.09 SISO 21.09 SISO 21.09

2x2MIMO

27.95 2x2 MIMO 42.19 2x2 MIMO 42.19

10MHz N/A

SISO 42.19 SISO 42.19

2x2 MIMO 84.38 2x2 MIMO 84.38

4x4 MIMO 168.76 4x4 MIMO 168.76

20MHz N/A N/A

SISO 84.38

2x2 MIMO 168.76

4x4 MIMO 337.52

Phase Target of Downlink Peak Rate


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BandwidthHSPA+ P1

(3GPP R7 )

HSPA+ P2

(3GPP R8 )

HSPA+ P3

(3GPP

R9/R10 )

5MHz 11.498

SISO 17.247 SISO 17.247

2x2 MIMO 34.494 2x2 MIMO 34.494

N/A N/A 4x4 MIMO 68.988

10MHz N/A

SISO 34.494 SISO 34.494

2x2 MIMO 68.988 2x2 MIMO 68.988

N/A N/A 4x4 MIMO 137.976

20MHz N/A N/A

SISO 68.988

2x2 MIMO 137.976

4x4 MIMO 275.952

Phase Target of Uplink Peak Rate


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FeatureHSPA+ P1

(3GPP R7 )

HSPA+ P2

(3GPP R8 )

HSPA+ P3

(3GPP R9/R10 )

Multi-Carrier Not Supported Dual-Carriers Quad-Carriers

User-Plane Latency 20 ms 10 ms 5 ms

Control-Plane Latency 100 ms 50 ms 50 ms

VoIP Subscribers 200 400 800

MBMS 3 Mbps 5 Mbps 10 Mbps

System Architecture Ongoing Flat Flat

Phase Target of Other Features

S A hi (3GPP R7)


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Node B

Node B

Core Network

UE

IP

UE

Node B

UE

RNC

RNC Service: PS

CN: SGSN + GGSN

Topology: Centralized / Star

New UE Category:

DLCategory 13 16

ULCategory 7

System Architecture (3GPP R7)

System Architecture (3GPP R8/9/10)


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Node B+

Node B+

Core Network

UE

IP

UE

Node B+

UE

Service: PS only

CN: SGSN + GGSN or aGW

Topology: Distributed / Mesh

New UE Category:

DLCategory 17 20

ULCategory 8 9

System Architecture (3GPP R8/9/10)

I t d ti t WCDMA C ll S bli


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The WCDMA system adopts the CDMA technology, and different

NodeBs or different sectors of a BS are differentiated by scrambling.

The downlink scrambling code is the PN sequence generated by an

18-bit shift register, with a total of218 1 = 262,143 scramblingsequences. However, the system only uses these scrambling

sequences numbered from 0 to 24,575.

Introduction to WCDMA Cell Scrambling

I t d ti t WCDMA C ll S bli


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The 24,576 scrambling sequences are divided into three parts:

Common scrambling codes: k = 0,1,2,8,191, corresponding to 8,192

common scrambling codes, and used in normal mode.

Left secondary scrambling code: k + 8,192 and k = 0,1,2,8,191, is the

replaceable scrambling code used in compression mode in the case of n

Date post:	14-Apr-2018
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Planning 3G Netwrok With HSPA+ Service Base on 2G Network

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