Date post: | 21-Jan-2017 |
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PLASTIC OPTIC FIBER (POFs)MUHAMMED MUSTHAFA C.P , S5DEPT. OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND RUBBER TECHNOLOGYCOCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1 Introduction2 POF (Plastic Optical Fiber) terminology3 Index profiles4 Overview – POF5 Plastic optical fiber6 Application7 Conclusion8 Reference
Introduction Plastic optical fibers (POFs) are a low-cost solution for
low-speed, short-distance applications in digital car networks, industrial networks, and home networks and appliances.
The plastic optical fiber is made out of a plastic such as acrylic (PMMA) as the core material and fluorinated or perfluorinated polymers as the cladding materials.
The working key principle is the total internal reflection at the interface between the core and the cladding (having a lower refractive index), which confines the propagating light beam within the core.
Plastic optical fiber
Basically similar or same construction as GOF
Larger coreSimplex and Duplex figure 8 or round
cableLoose tube
POF (Plastic Optical Fiber) terminology
Core Acrylic Acrylic Glass
Cladding Fluorinated Polyperfluoro Fluorinated butenylvinylether
PMMA PCF
traditional perfluorinated
PROCESS Plasma OVD draw extrusion extrusion
Index profiles
PMMA Step Index
core = Constant refractive index
PMMA Graded Index
Core = several layer of material with different refractive indexes
Perfluorinated Polymer Graded index
Core = parabolic index
Overview - POF (PMMA and perfluorinated)Index profile Type of fiber Core Ø NA Attenuation Bandwidth
SI-POF (PMMA)
SI-POF low NA
980µm
980µm
0.50.3 180dB/km
~ 50 MHz . 100m
~ 100 MHz . 100m
DSI-POF 980µm 0.3 180dB/km ~ 100 MHz . 100m
GI-POF (PMMA)980µm 500µm
0.2 200dB/km ~1.5 GHz . 100m
GI-POF (PF)62.5/245120/450200/490
0.3 50dB/km ~ 3 GHz . 100m
Step Index polymer optical fiber (SI-POF)Core Ø : 980 μmCladding Ø : 1000 μmAttenuation : 180 dB/kmBandwidth : 10 MHz . 100m (100 MHz . 100m)Wavelength : 650nmAdvantage : easy, fast and inexpensive connection technology
commercially available (Mitsubishi, Toray , Fuji, Optimedia)Disadvantage: high attenuation, low bandwidth
Attenuation spectra of PMMA fiber
Light Wavelength(Nm)
Attenuation(dB/km)
red 650 180
amber 570 66
green 520 73
Core Ø : 900 μm
Cladding Ø : 1000 μm
Attenuation : 180 dB/km
Bandwidth : 100 MHz . km
Wavelength : 650nm
Cable : tight buffer
Advantage : easy, fast and inexpensive connection technology commercially available (Mitsubishi, Fuji, Optimedia)Disadvantage : high attenuation
Multistep Index Plastic Optical Fiber (GI-POF)
Core Ø : 120 μm
Cladding Ø : 500 μm
Attenuation : 50 dB/km
Bandwidth : 1000 MHz*km
Wavelength : 1330nm
Cable : loose buffer (extra strength members)
Advantage : low attenuation, high bandwidth
Disadvantage : termination, expensive, similar to GOF commercially not available (Asahi, Nexans, Chromis)
Graded Index Plastic Optical Fiber (GI-POF)
Attenuation spectra of per fluorinated POF
Light Wavelength(Nm)
Attenuation(dB/km)
infrared 850 20
1300 50
Plastic optical fiberIEC 60793-2-4 – Specification for category A4 multimode fiber
A4a A4b A4c A4d A4e A4f A4g A4h
Core Ø (µm) * * * * 500 200 120 62.5
Cladd Ø (µm) 1000 750 500 1000 750 490 490 245
NA 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.30 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.19
Buffered yes yes yes yes no no no no
cabled yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
Operating wavelength (nm)
650 650 650 650 650 650, 850, 1300 650, 850, 1300 850, 1300
* Typically 15 to 35 µm smaller than the cladding diameter
Simplex and Duplex cables (PMMA fiber)
Tight Buffer
Tightly buffered with a thermoplastic material.
PMMA POF - Step Index, Multistep, Graded Index
Tight buffer
Cladding
Core
Tight buffer
Cladding
Core
Duplex cables (per fluorinated fiber)
lose buffer
Cladding
Core
Outer sheath
Strength member
Single loose tube
Loose sheath with air cap (µm up to mm). Dry – no gel
Perfluorinated POF
Graded Index
Cable for harsh environment (PMMA fibers)
Tight buffer
CladdingCore
Outer sheath
Strengthmember
Filling element
Tight Buffer
Tightly buffered with a thermoplastic material.
PMMA POF - Step Index, Multistep, Graded Index
Outer sheath and strength memberse.g. PUR outer sheath and aramid yarns for drag chain and harsh industrial environments
Laser surgery Angioplasty Lithotripsy Urology Dermatology Photodynamic therapy
Applications
Spectroscopy Remote illumination Sensors Thomson scattering
Industrial/ScientificMedical
REFERENCE
United States Patent PLASTIC OPTICAL CABLE
Tatsukami et al. ,
POLYMERIC OPTICAL CONDUCTOR Beuth et al. , United States Patent
OPTICAL TRANSMISSION FIBER Yamamoto et al. , United States Patent