Playing Phonographf cylinders with Playing Phonographf cylinders with the technology of the XXI-st century.the technology of the XXI-st century.

Contactless recordplayerContactless recordplayerDiFiLTON-ARC kft.DiFiLTON-ARC kft.

Pál Sztano the late chief audio restorer of the MTA-ZTIPál Sztano the late chief audio restorer of the MTA-ZTIMusic and Folklore Research Institute of the Music and Folklore Research Institute of the

Hungarian Academy of Sciences.Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

Phonograph cylindersPhonograph cylinders

The advantages of contactless The advantages of contactless reproductionreproduction

➢ The cylinders are not damaged. The cylinders are not damaged.

➢ Even damaged or broken cylinders may be Even damaged or broken cylinders may be read.read.

➢ There are no reproduction problems caused There are no reproduction problems caused by the contact of the pickup needle with the by the contact of the pickup needle with the groove.groove.

➢ The large number of samples read, enables The large number of samples read, enables us to better reconstruct the original us to better reconstruct the original recording during processing.recording during processing.

Traditional data acquisitionTraditional data acquisition

One sensor, one analogue reproduction One sensor, one analogue reproduction chainchain

Optional digital phase:Optional digital phase:

- A-D converter- A-D converter- Digital restoration- Digital restoration

Multi-sensor data acquisitionMulti-sensor data acquisition

➢ Many sensors, with as many analogue Many sensors, with as many analogue reproduction chainsreproduction chains

➢ A-D converters for each analogue A-D converters for each analogue channelchannel

➢ Digital preprocessing using digital data Digital preprocessing using digital data from each channelfrom each channel

➢ Optional digital restorationOptional digital restoration

The cross-section of the grooveThe cross-section of the groovemeasured in pixelsmeasured in pixels , 0,4 um, 0,4 um

Groove cross-sectionGroove cross-section

Surface viewSurface view

Experimental playerExperimental player

The first optical sound recorded The first optical sound recorded by Béla Bartók in 1915by Béla Bartók in 1915

SZTANOGRAFSZTANOGRAF

AutofocusAutofocus

Automatic Groove trackingAutomatic Groove tracking

Video picture of the groove cross-sectionVideo picture of the groove cross-section

Image of a groove after preprocessingImage of a groove after preprocessing

Recognition of faulty partsRecognition of faulty parts

Reconstruction ParametersReconstruction Parameters

The sound of a Berlin cylinder without The sound of a Berlin cylinder without filtering. A recording offiltering. A recording of

the Orchester Bummelmarsch made in the Orchester Bummelmarsch made in about 1905about 1905

(Needle Sztano1 Sztano2)(Needle Sztano1 Sztano2)

Main Data ofMain Data of

the Recording the Recording Equipment Equipment

➢ 25 sample25 sampless/sec/sec

PALPAL➢ 20 rev/hour20 rev/hour➢ 48480x time at 0x time at

12kSps12kSps➢ ~1 TB / cylinder~1 TB / cylinder

of the Restoring of the Restoring SystemSystem

➢ 220 sample0 sampless/sec on /sec on

Intel dualIntel dual core core Pentium 3 GHzPentium 3 GHz

➢ 112200x time at 00x time at 12kSps12kSps

TargetsTargets

RecordingRecording ➢ 250 sample250 sampless/sec/sec➢ Adjustable Adjustable

lightinglighting➢ 200 rev/hour200 rev/hour➢ 4848x time at x time at

12kSps12kSps➢ ~0,~0,005 TB/cylinder5 TB/cylinder

Restoring systemRestoring system ➢ 250 sample250 sampless/sec /sec

on GRIDon GRID system system➢ 4848x time at 12kSpsx time at 12kSps➢ Enhancing Enhancing

the the algorithmalgorithm

The best procedure abroadThe best procedure abroad

Reconstruction of Reconstruction of Mechanically Mechanically Recorded Sound Recorded Sound from an Edison from an Edison Cylinder using Cylinder using Three Dimensional Three Dimensional Non-Contact Non-Contact Optical Surface Optical Surface Metrology Metrology

V.A. Fadeyev and Carl V.A. Fadeyev and Carl Haber Haber

Lawrence Berkeley Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory National Laboratory

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

MTA-SZTAKIMTA-SZTAKIDiFiDiFiLLTTONON-ARC kft.-ARC kft.

MTA-ZTIMTA-ZTI

Manno Sándor Manno Sándor

Gerencsér LászlóGerencsér László

Csetverikov Dmitrij Csetverikov Dmitrij

Németh IstvánNémeth István

Bisztray FrigyesBisztray Frigyes

Feketű József Feketű József

Méder IstvánMéder István

Torma BalázsTorma Balázs

Zalán FrigyesZalán Frigyes