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POLYVALENT BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS
Unit 6: Ch 7.1b & Ch 9.2b
CRISS-CROSS METHOD
• Determine the ions • Criss Cross the charges of the ions
= chemical formula• Example: Calcium + Phosphorus
CRISS-CROSS METHOD
• Determine the ions • Criss Cross the charges of the ions
= chemical formula• Example: Calcium + Phosphorus–Ca + P• IONS = Ca2+ + P3-
CRISS-CROSS METHOD
• Determine the ions • Criss Cross the charges of the ions
= chemical formula• Example: Calcium + Phosphorus–Ca + P• IONS = Ca2+ + P3-
Ca3P2
POLYVALENT METALS
• Many but not all transition metals have “multiple personalities”–# of valence electrons varies• Polyvalent
– they can form more than one ion• Roman Numerals are used to signify the
charge
TRANSITION METALS
POLYVALENT TRANSITION METALS
• Metals with more than one possible charge:• Specific charge is indicated in
parenthesis
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = – Iron (II) + oxygen =
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =• Fe2+ & O2-
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = • Fe2+ & O2- Fe2O2 FeO
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =• Fe2+ & O2- Fe2O2 FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen =
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =• Fe2+ & O2- Fe2O2 FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen =• Fe3+ & O2-
POLYVALENT METALS & BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =• Fe2+ & O2- Fe2O2 FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen =• Fe3+ & O2- Fe2O3
NAMING POLYVALENT IONS
• Stock Name: –Same as Simple Binary Ionic–Plus metal’s oxidation #/charge
(roman numeral) in parentheses• Fe2+ Iron (II) ion• Fe3+ Iron (III) ion
NAMING POLYVALENT IONS
• Classical Name:– Uses root word (typically from Latin name) with
different suffixes for different oxidation #’s/charges
• -ous lower ionic charge• -ic higher ionic charge
– Example:• Iron Ferrum– Fe2+ Ferrous ion–Fe3+ Ferric ion
–Pg 255 List of classical names – Take down the roots of the listed metals!
NAMING POLYVALENT BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS
• Same as Simple Binary Ionic Compounds– Combine the ion names
• FeO–Stock Name: Iron (II) Oxide–Classical Name: Ferrous Oxide
• Fe2O3
–Stock Name: Iron (III) Oxide–Classical Name: Ferric Oxide
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Names to Formulas– Silver (III) Nitride– Silver (II) Nitride
– Vanadium (III) Chloride– Vanadium (II) Chloride
– Lead (IV) Oxide– Lead (II) Oxide
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– Fe2O3
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– Fe2O3 Fe3+ and O2-
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– Fe2O3 Fe3+ and O2-
• Check the anion’s charge against the periodic table
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– Fe2O3 Fe3+ and O2-
• Check the anion’s charge against the periodic table– O2- is correct So Fe is a 3+
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– Fe2O3 Fe3+ and O2-
• Check the anion’s charge against the periodic table– O2- is correct So Fe is a 3+–Name Iron (III) oxide or Ferric Oxide
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– FeO
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– FeO Fe1+ and O1-
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– FeO Fe1+ and O1-
• Check the anion
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– FeO Fe1+ and O1-
• Check the anion–O1- is NOT correct Been a reduction
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)– FeO Fe1+ and O1-
• Check the anion–O1- is NOT correct Been a reduction
–1:1 ratio – metal started with the same charge as the anion.
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)–SnO3
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)–SnO3 Sn3+ and O1-
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)–SnO3 Sn3+ and O1-
O2-
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)–SnO3 Sn3+ and O1-
O2-
x 2
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)–SnO3 Sn3+ and O1-
Sn6+ O2-
x 2
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formula to Name–Have to determine the oxidation
#/Charge of your metal.• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)–SnO3 Sn3+ and O1-
Sn6+ O2-
–Name: Tin (VI) Oxide
x 2