AUTOMATED VOICE BASED HOME NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR THE ELDERLY AND THE PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an Intelligent Home Navigation System (IHNS) which comprises of a wheelchair, voice module and navigation module.

It can be used by an elderly or physically challenged person to move inside the home without any difficulty.

It’s common that the elders forget the way to the different rooms in house and the physically challenged people find it hard to move the wheel chair without external aid.

By making use of IHNS, elderly and the physically challenged can go to different rooms in the house like kitchen, living room, dining room etc by just speaking a word which is predefined to that particular room.

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Existing System In the Existing system, the wheel chair is operated

automatically or manually by turning the wheels chair using hands or external aids.

But this system is not helpful for paralyzed persons. In this technique, the elderly and physically challenged person also voice based controlled wheel chair robot has been developed

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Proposed System This system presents the construction and design of voice

based wheel chair robot. The voice of the person is detected by voice capture module

which will be compared by voice recognition module with predefined voices loaded in to the system.

According to the received voice, the destination is automatically understood and the wheelchair moves according to the route which is predefined.

It is also equipped with obstacle avoidance technique, where the person may not be able to provide proper voices at the right time.

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The wheel chair can automatically navigate from one point to the other in the home as per command from the voice module.

Thus the above proposed system can be used by elderly and physically challenged people in day to day life even if they are alone at home.

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Block Diagram

AT89C51Microcontroller

Power Supply

Ultrasonic Sensor

MotorDriver

DC Motor

Voice Recongization

Module

Voice Capture Module

Voice customization

Module

DC Motor

LCD Display

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Hardware Requirements

8051 microcontroller Robot mechanism Voice capture model circuit Ultrasonic Sensor Relay with ULN 2003A LCD

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Software Requirements

Embedded C Keil C Compiler

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Advantages:

It can be used for control in Home application. It can be used by paralyzed person

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About Embedded:

•An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform a dedicated function. Since the system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product. Embedded system comprises of both hardware and software. Embedded system is fast growing technology in various fields like industrial automation, home appliances, automobiles, aeronautics etc. Embedded technology uses PC or a controller to do the specified task and the programming is done using assembly language programming or embedded C.

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LIST OF MODULES:

• Module 1: 8051 Micro Controller

• Module 2: Ultrasonic Sensor 

• Module 3: LCD

• Module 4: MAX 232 

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Module 1: 8051 Microcontroller:Power Supply for 8051 Microcontroller: 

This section describes how to generate +5V DC power supply

The power supply section is the important one. It should deliver constant output regulated power supply for successful working of the project.

A 0-12V/1 mA transformer is used for this purpose. The primary of this transformer is connected in to main supply through on/off switch& fuse for protecting from overload and short circuit protection.

The secondary is connected to the diodes to convert 12V AC to 12V DC voltage. And filtered by the capacitors, which is further regulated to +5v, by using IC 7805

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Microcontroller:

• A microcontroller (also microcontroller unit, MCU or µC) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit consisting of a relatively simple CPU combined with support functions such as a crystal oscillator, timers and etc.

• Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, and toys.

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• The input and output device or connected to port pins of the controller.

• Typical input and output devices include switches, relays, solenoids, LEDs, small or custom LCD displays, radio frequency devices, and sensors for data such as temperature, humidity, light level etc.

• The device, such as GSM, GPS and RFID are interfaced to the controller via serial communication i.e. TX and RX pins. 14

Module 2: Ultrasonic sensor:

• Ultrasonic sensors (also known as tranceivers when they both send and receive) work on a principle similar to radar or sonar which evaluate attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound waves respectively.

• Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor. Sensors calculate the time interval between sending the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object.

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Use in industry

• Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect the presence of targets and to measure the distance to targets in many automated factories and process plants.

• Sensors with an on or off digital output are available for detecting the presence of objects, and sensors with an analog output which varies proportionally to the sensor to target separation distance are commercially available.

• Other types of transducers are used in commercially available ultrasonic cleaning devices.

• An ultrasonic transducer is affixed to a stainless steel pan which is filled with a solvent (frequently water or isopropanol) and a square wave is applied to it, imparting vibrational energy on the liquid.

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MODULE 3:LCD• The LCD standard requires 3 control lines and 8 I/O lines for the data bus. • • 8 data pins D7:D0• Bi-directional data/command pins.

Alphanumeric characters are sent in ASCII format. 

• • RS:  Register Select• RS = 0 -> Command Register is selected

RS = 1 -> Data Register is selected 

• • R/W: Read or Write• 0 -> Write,  1 -> Read

 • • E: Enable (Latch data)• Used to latch the data present on the data pins.

A high-to-low edge is needed to latch the data. 

• The 8 data lines are connected to PORT 1 of 8051 microcontroller. The three control lines( RS,RW and EN ) are connected to PORT 3.5,3.6 and 3.7 respectively.

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Module 4: Valve Driver:• DRIVER CIRCUIT:

• The ULN2003 is a monolithic high voltage and high current Darlington transistor arrays.

• It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that features high-voltage outputs with common-cathode clamp diode for switching inductive loads.

• The collector-current rating of a single Darlington pair is 500mA. The darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher current capability.

• Applications include relay drivers, hammer drivers, lamp drivers, display drivers (LED gas discharge), line drivers, and logic buffers.

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FEATURES:• 500mA rated collector current (Single output)

• High-voltage outputs: 50V

• Inputs compatible with various types of logic.

• Relay driver application

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• The ULN2003 have series input resistors for operation directly from 6 V to 15 VCMOS or PMOS logic outputs. The ULN 2003 is the standard Darlington arrays.

• The outputs are capable of sinking 500mA and will withstand at least 50 V in the OFF state.

• Outputs may be paralleled for higher load current capability. The ULx2823A/LW and ULx2824A/LW will withstand 95 V in the OFF state.

• These Darlington arrays are furnished in 18-pin dual in-line plastic packages (suffix ‘A’) or 18-lead small-outline plastic packages (suffix ‘LW’).

• All devices are pinned with outputs opposite inputs to facilitate ease of circuit board layout. Prefix ‘ULN’ devices are rated for operation over the temperature range of -20C to +85C; prefix ‘ULQ’ devices are rated for operation to -40C.

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ABOUT KEIL COMPILER:

• Keil Software makes C compilers, macro assemblers, real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments, and evaluation boards for the 8051, 251, ARM, and XC16x/C16x/ST10 microcontroller families.

• Features in the µVision Debugger include:

• An integrated Software Logic Analyzer that measures I/O signals as well as program variables and helps developers create complex signal processing algorithms.

• An Execution Profiler that measures time spent in each function, source line, and assembler instruction. Now developers can find exactly where programs spend the most time.

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µVision3 Overview

• The µVision3 IDE is a Windows-based software development platform that combines a robust editor, project manager, and make facility. µVision3 integrates all tools including the C compiler, macro assembler, linker/locator, and HEX file generator. µVision3 helps expedite the development process of your embedded applications by providing the following:

• Full-featured source code editor,

• Device database for configuring the development tool setting,

• Project manager for creating and maintaining your projects,

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• Integrated make facility for assembling, compiling, and linking your embedded applications,

• Dialogs for all development tool settings,

• True integrated source-level Debugger with high-speed CPU and peripheral simulator,

• Advanced GDI interface for software debugging in the target hardware and for connection to Keil ULINK,

• Flash programming utility for downloading the application program into Flash ROM,

• Links to development tools manuals, device datasheets & user’s guides.

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