Ppt of Unit 1 in PDF

8/12/2019 Ppt of Unit 1 in PDF

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Time Fermentation Product Place

Antiquity Bread, vinegar, soy sauce, wine,

beer

7000 B.C. Beer and wine Assyria, Caucasia,

Mesopotamia,

Sumer

6000 B.C Winemaking Georgia

5000 B.C Wine jars Zagros Mountains,Iran

Fermented beverages Babylon

3000 B.C. Beer and fermented milk products Babylon

2600 B.C Bread Egypt

1000 B.C Soy sauce and miso China

600 B.C. Cheese Asia

500 B.C. Preservation of fish and meat

100 B.C. Bread Ancient Rome


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1700s Vinegar- from fruit pomace, Gallic

acid

1800s Yeast induced fermentation Erxleben, Germany

1850s 1)Bacteria produce lactic acid which

conserves food

2)Pasteurization heat treatment to

prevent unwanted fermentation

3)Yeast+grape juice

!wine beginning

of the science of food fermentation

Louis Pasteur, France

End of 1800s Composting


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Industrial production of acetone,butanol,

butanodiol substrates for rubber

production

1930 Discovery of biotechnological method

of organic acids production Citric

acid and gluconic acid

1940s Industrial production of organic acids

1950s Industrial pencillin production first

high cost and high tech process. First

large scale production ofpharmaceuticals. Penicillin was the

first antibiotic - a medication against

bacterial infections


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1950s 60s Steroid formation by fungal spores

1960s Commercial production of amino acids

by fermentation; Production of MSG

(monosodium glutamate, flavour

enhancer)

Japan

1960s 80s Mycotoxins, treatment and reuse of

wastes (animal, plant and domestic)

1970s Microbiologically produced enzymes-

used in grain processing, sugar

production, fruit juice clarification,

detergent additives

1980s Genetic Engineering techniques

insulin production


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History and origins of some fermented foods

Food Approximate yearof introduction

RegionMushrooms

Soy sauce

Wine

Fermented milk

Cheese

Beer

Bread

Fermented MeatsSourdough bread

Fish sauce

Pickled vegetables

Tea

4000 BC

3000 BC

3000 BC

3000 BC

2000 BC

2000 BC

1500 BC

1500 BC1000 BC

1000 BC

1000 BC

200 BC

China

China, Korea, Japan

North Africa, Europe

Middle East

Middle East

North Africa, China

Egypt, Europe

Middle EastEurope

Southeast Asia, North Africa

China, Europe

China


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