Pre-MYE Auto-Learning Module

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Direct-Literal Question&

Summary Question

VERY IMPORTANT InstructionsFor the rest of this PowerPoint presentation:

1. View the presentation in Slide Show mode.2. Have foolscap paper and your writing materials on hand. 3. Follow the instructions on the slides very carefully.4. It should take you no more 45 minutes to go through this presentation PROPERLY.

Click this button near the bottom right of your screen…

ARE YOU IN SLIDE SHOW MODE?

YOU SHOULD BE IN SLIDE SHOW MODE NOW.

Click this button near the bottom right of your screen…

OK, good…

DLQ and Summary: Steps to Take

Step 1: Examine the questionStep 2: Locate the answer

Step 3: Answer UYOWAFAPStep 4: Validate your answer

Let’s try some practice questions!

Let’s start with a recap of the steps

for doing DLQs and Summary

Questions…

TRY THIS QUESTION!(This counts as homework; it’s not optional.)

Passage 1:Everyone should be responsible for their own health, or risk its premature decline. The individual, after all, is best-placed to look after his own physical person.

Question 1: Paraphrase Passage 1. Use your own words as far as possible. [2 marks]

Within the next 2 minutes, write your answer – in full sentence form – on a piece of paper.

When you are done, check the answer on the next slide.

Check Your Answer!

Did you paraphrase all the coloured words/phrases?

Everyone should be responsible for their own health, or face the danger of its premature decline. The individual, at the end of the day, is best-placed to look after his own physical person.

If any of your points lifted any of the coloured words, the point does not count – you will not be awarded any

marks for it!

Check Your Answer!Do you have all these points?

1) All persons ought to take it upon themselves to [maintain]/[keep up] their own physical well-being/condition… [0.5 marks]

2) … or risk it deteriorating/worsening before its/due time. [0.5 marks]

3) After all, each person is in the prime/ideal position to take care of his own body. [1 mark]

There are 3 main points/ideas in total. Mark [red pen] and correct [green pen] your work accordingly.

Model Answer:

All persons ought to take it upon themselves to maintain their own physical well-being or risk it deteriorating before due time. After all, each person is in the prime/ideal position to take care of his own body.

[2 marks]

TRY THIS QUESTION!(This counts as homework; it’s not optional.)

Passage 2:Only foolhardiest of cyclists remain unconvinced by the conclusive argument for proper protective headgear: For every 10 bicycling fatalities, 7.5 are resultant from severe cranial trauma; in the case of a riding mishap, the bicycle helmet is capable of withstanding extreme impact and cushioning the skull; research indicates that it reduces the danger of cranial trauma by 50 percent; consequently, donning protective headgear significantly diminishes a person’s chances of being killed in a bicycling mishap.

Question 2: From Passage 1, what is the conclusive argument for cyclists to wear helmets? Use your own words as far as possible. [2 marks]

Within the next 2 minutes, write your answer – in full sentence form – on a piece of paper.

When you are done, check the answer on the next slide.

Check Your Answer! Did you paraphrase all the coloured words/phrases?

Only foolhardiest of cyclists remain unconvinced by the conclusive argument for proper protective headgear: For every 10 bicycling fatalities, 7.5 are resultant from severe cranial trauma; in the case of a riding mishap, the bicycle helmet is capable of withstanding extreme impact and cushioning the skull; research indicates that it reduces the chances of cranial trauma by 50 percent; consequently, donning protective headgear significantly diminishes a person’s chances of being killed in a bicycling mishap.

If any of your points lifted any of the coloured words, the point does not count – you will not be awarded any marks for it!

Check Your Answer!Do you have all these points?

1) About [3 quarters]/[75 percent] of bicycling deaths are caused by serious injury to the head/skull [0.5 marks]

2) During accidents, bicycle helmets are able to protect the skull from great force [0.5 marks]

3) Studies show that they [halve]/[reduce by half] one’s risk/chances of a [head]/[skull] injury [0.5 marks]

4) Therefore, wearing a bicycle helmet greatly reduces/minimises [your risk of]/[the danger of] dying in a bicycling accident [0.5 marks]

There are 4 main points/ideas in total. Mark [red pen] and correct [green pen] your work accordingly.

Model Answer:

Three quarters of bicycling deaths are caused by serious injury to the head. During accidents, bicycle helmets are able to protect the skull from great force. In fact, studies show that helmets halve one’s risk of a head injury. Therefore, wearing a bicycle helmet greatly lowers your risk of dying in a bicycling accident.

[2 marks]

TRY THIS QUESTION!(This counts as homework; it’s not optional.)

Passage 3:Poverty is an exceptionally complicated social phenomenon, and trying to discover its causes is equally complicated. The stereotypical (and simplistic) explanation persists—that the poor cause their own poverty. Some theorists have accused the poor of being short-sighted, living just for today and forgetting that there is a tomorrow. Others have accused them of engaging in self‐defeating behaviour; doing drugs, gambling, voluntary unemployment, and drinking have a tendency of making the poor stay poor. Still other theorists have accused the poor of being fatalists who resign themselves to a so-called culture of poverty, characterised by a sense that one is helpless to improve his situation. While these theories differ on the specifics, they converge on one point: for one reason or another, the poor do not seize the chances afforded them to break out of poverty.

Question 3: From Passage 1, what are the various theories that people give to explain the claim that the poor cause their own poverty? Use your own words as far as possible. [3 marks]

Within the next 3 minutes, write your answer – in full sentence form – on a piece of paper.

When you are done, check the answer on the next slide.

Check Your Answer!Do you have all these points?

1) One theory blames the poor for being too [focused on]/[preoccupied with] the present… [0.5 marks]

2) and failing to prepare/plan for the future. [0.5 marks]

3) Others have blamed the poor for [being involved]/[taking part] in activities that [perpetuate their]/[guarantee continued] poverty. [0.5 marks]

4) Yet others blame the poor for wrongly/erroneously/mistakenly/misguidedly/foolishly believing that they cannot improve their current circumstances. [0.5 marks]

5) All these theories agree that the poor fail to take the opportunities that they have to [escape]/[leave]/[gain freedom from] [the state of poverty]/[the poverty cycle]/[poverty]. [1 marks]

There are 5 main points/ideas in total. Mark [red pen] and correct [green pen] your work accordingly.

Model Answer:

One theory blames the poor for being too focused on the present and failing to prepare for the future. Others have blamed the poor for taking part in activities that guarantee continued poverty. Yet others blame the poor for mistakenly believing that they cannot improve their current circumstances. All these theories agree that the poor do not take the opportunities that they have to escape poverty.

[3 marks]

Check Your Answer! Did you paraphrase all the coloured words/phrases?

Poverty is an exceptionally complicated social phenomenon, and trying to discover its causes is equally complicated. The stereotypical (and simplistic) explanation persists—that the poor cause their own poverty. Some theorists have accused the poor of being short-sighted, living just for today and forgetting that there is a tomorrow. Others have accused them of engaging in self defeating behaviour‐ ; doing drugs, gambling, voluntary unemployment, and drinking have a tendency of making the poor stay poor. Still other theorists have accused the poor of being fatalists who resign themselves to a so-called culture of poverty, characterised by a sense that one is helpless to improve his situation. While these theories differ on the specifics, they converge on one point: for one reason or another, the poor do not seize the chances afforded them to break out of poverty.

If any of your points lifted any of the coloured words, the point does not count – you will not be awarded any marks for it!

TRY THIS QUESTION!(This counts as homework; it’s not optional.)

Passage 4:The public is largely oblivious to the dark side of K-pop (Korean Pop). Would-be performers sacrifice their teenage years to undergo rigorous singing and dancing training. Still tender-aged, they are made to sign ridiculously long contracts and relocated from their homes to company dormitories. And even after the performers have flourished into household names, they receive just a minimal portion of the profits of their success. The female performers are also stripped of their individuality and dignity; they are made to undergo cosmetic “enhancements” and to wear revealing outfits in order to appeal to the adolescent male demographic.

Question 4: According to the author, what is the dark side of K-pop? Use your own words as far as possible. [3 marks]

Within the next 4 minutes, write your answer – in full sentence form – on a piece of paper.

When you are done, check the answer on the next slide.

Check Your Answer! Did you paraphrase all the coloured words/phrases?

The public is largely oblivious to the dark side of K-pop (Korean Pop). Would-be performers sacrifice their teenage years to undergo rigorous singing and dancing training. Still tender-aged, they are made to sign ridiculously long contracts and relocated from their homes to company dormitories. And even after the performers have flourished into household names, they receive just a minimal portion of the profits of their success. The female performers are also stripped of their individuality and dignity; they are made to undergo cosmetic “enhancements” and to wear revealing outfits in order to appeal to the adolescent male demographic.

If any of your points lifted any of the coloured words, the point does not count – you will not be awarded any marks for it!

Check Your Answer!Do you have all these points?

1a) Those aiming/desiring/trying/training to become K-pop stars… [Context: If point 1a) is not provided, the whole answer is awarded 0 marks!]

1b) … have to forfeit/forgo/give up their teenage years in order to be at/attend tough/difficult/demanding singing and dancing training sessions. [0.5 marks]

2a) When they are still very young, they are forced to agree to unduly/inordinately long contracts… 2b) … and to move away from their families to live in company-owned hostels. [2a) + 2b) = 0.5 marks]

3) Even those who have gained wide-spread/great fame will only get to keep a small fraction of the money that they have earned. [0.5 marks] 4a) Additionally, the unique identities and individual worth of female performers are disregarded when… [0.5 marks]4b) … they are forced to go for plastic surgery and to wear skimpy clothing… [0.5 marks]4c) … just so they can capture the interest of teenage boys. [0.5 marks]

Note: These points have already been paraphrased, so you can copy them down as corrections.

There are 4 main points/ideas in total. Mark [red pen] and correct [green pen] your work accordingly.

Model Answer:

Those attempting to become K-pop stars have to give up their teenage years in order to attend demanding singing and dancing training sessions. When they are still very young, they are forced to agree to unduly long contracts and to move away from their families to live in company-owned hostels. Even those who have gained wide-spread fame will only get to keep a small fraction of the money that they have earned. Additionally, the unique identities and individual worth of female performers are disregarded when they are forced to go for plastic surgery and wear skimpy clothing just so they can capture the interest of teenage boys.

[3 marks]

TRY THIS QUESTION!(This counts as homework; it’s not optional.)

Passage 5:The first successful heart transplant operation in the world was carried out by Dr. Christiaan Barnard in South Africa in December 1967.From that time until the present day, the only accepted way to preserve a donor heart has been to pack it in ice inside a cooler box. Even then, the heart will only be viable for five hours

The existing system is that donor hearts are transported in their cool boxes between hospitals by the speediest means possible. More often than not, the heart is sent either by an auto, a chopper, or a combination of the two. The problems of this are obvious; unpredicted events – traffic jams, bad weather, mechanical difficulties, etc. – can cause such serious delays that the heart may not arrive in time.

Additionally, the transplanted heart’s functionality can be impaired when it’s warmed up at the end of the surgery. The prohibitive time constraint means that the heart’s functionality can’t be tested prior to the surgery. About1 in 20 hearts do not function after they’ve been transplanted – this is seen as a rather notable failure rate. In the case of transplant failure, the psychological effect on the patient and the surgical team is invariably traumatic.

Question 5: What does Passage 5 say about the current method of preserving, transporting, and transplanting donor hearts? What are its problems and limitations? Answer using your own words as far as possible. Answer in less than 120 words.

[8 marks]

Within the next 20 minutes, write your answer – in full sentence form – on a piece of paper.

When you are done, check the answer on the next slide.

Check Your Answer! Did you paraphrase all the coloured words/phrases?

The first successful heart transplant operation in the world was carried out by Dr. Christiaan Barnard in South Africa in December 1967.From that time until the present day, the only accepted way to preserve a donor heart has been to pack it in ice inside a cooler box. Even then, the heart will only be viable for five hours

The existing system is that donor hearts are transported in their cool boxes between hospitals by the speediest means possible. More often than not, the heart is sent either by an auto, a chopper, or a combination of the two. The problems of this are obvious; unpredicted events – traffic jams, bad weather, mechanical difficulties, etc. – can cause such serious delays that the heart may not arrive in time.

Additionally, the transplanted heart’s functionality can be impaired when it’s warmed up at the end of the surgery. The prohibitive time constraint means that the heart’s functionality can’t be tested prior to the surgery. About1 in 20 hearts do not function after they’ve been transplanted – this is seen as a rather notable failure rate. In the case of transplant failure, the psychological effect on the patient and the surgical team is invariably traumatic.

If any of your points lifted any of the coloured words, the point does not count – you will not be awarded any marks for it!

Check Your Answer!Do you have all these points?

The current method of transporting donor hearts involves…1)… putting it inside a container with ice [0.5 marks]2) … and moved/transferred from hospital to hospital through/by the [fastest]/[quickest]/[most efficient] way [avaialble]/[there is], [1 mark]3) … usually by car, helicopter, or both. [0.5 marks]4) However, the heart can only be preserved this way for five hours, [1 mark]5a) and due to unforeseen situations/circumstances [0.5 marks]5b)the heart may held up and reach its destination too late. [0.5 marks]6) Moreover, a transplanted heart may be damaged when it is warmed up [at the end of the operation]/[post-operation]/[after the operation]. [1 mark]7a) Additionally, the restrictive time limit… [0.5 marks]7b)… makes/renders it impossible to [check]/[see]/[confirm] if the heart is working [before the operation]/[pre-operation]. [0.5 marks]8a) Roughy/ Approximately five percent of transplanted hearts do not work after the procedure/operation, [0.5 marks]8b) which is considered quite a significant/substantial risk. [0.5 marks]9a) If the operation/procedure is unsuccessful, [0.5 marks]9b) The organ recipient and the surgeons/doctors involved will certainly/definitely/always be mentally scarred. [0.5 marks]

There are 9 main points/ideas in total. Mark [red pen] and correct [green pen] your work accordingly.

Model Answer:

The current method of transporting donor hearts involves putting it inside a container with ice and moving it from hospital to hospital through the quickest way available, usually by car, helicopter, or both. However, the heart can only be preserved this way for five hours, and due to unforeseen events, the heart may be held up and reach its destination too late. Moreover, a transplanted heart risks damage when it is warmed up post-operation. Additionally, the restrictive time limit makes it impossible to check if the heart works pre-operation. Approximately five percent of transplanted hearts fail post-operation, which is considered quite a significant risk. If the procedure is unsuccessful, the organ recipient and the surgeons will definitely be mentally scarred.

Exactly 120 words[8 marks]

Important End-Note