Preferential Voting Explained.ppt -...

Preferential Voting ExplainedPreferential Voting Explained(or How to Elect the President of Ireland)(or How to Elect the President of Ireland)

Matthew MullenaxMatthew MullenaxWV Association of Geospatial ProfessionalsWV Association of Geospatial ProfessionalsWV Association of Geospatial ProfessionalsWV Association of Geospatial Professionals

Presentation OutlinePresentation OutlinePresentation OutlinePresentation Outline

►►What is preferential voting?What is preferential voting?►►What is preferential voting?What is preferential voting?►►Why use preferential voting?Why use preferential voting?

H d f ti l ti k?H d f ti l ti k?►►How does preferential voting work?How does preferential voting work?►►Example preferential voting scenarios Example preferential voting scenarios

What is preferential voting?What is preferential voting?What is preferential voting?What is preferential voting?

►► Preferential voting is a voting system used for Preferential voting is a voting system used for ►► e e e t a ot g s a ot g syste used oe e e t a ot g s a ot g syste used oelections in which voters rank candidates in order elections in which voters rank candidates in order of preference.of preference.I l i if did i llI l i if did i ll►► In an election, if no candidate receives an overall In an election, if no candidate receives an overall majority (>50%) of first preferences, the majority (>50%) of first preferences, the candidates with fewest votes are eliminated onecandidates with fewest votes are eliminated onecandidates with fewest votes are eliminated one candidates with fewest votes are eliminated one by one, and their votes transferred according to by one, and their votes transferred according to their second and third preferences (and so on) their second and third preferences (and so on)

d ll t t lli d til did td ll t t lli d til did tand all votes retallied, until one candidate and all votes retallied, until one candidate achieves a majority. achieves a majority.

►► Process detailed in Robert’s Rules of OrderProcess detailed in Robert’s Rules of Order ––►► Process detailed in Robert s Rules of Order Process detailed in Robert s Rules of Order Newly Revised 10Newly Revised 10thth Ed, page 411.Ed, page 411.




Why use preferential voting?Why use preferential voting?Why use preferential voting?Why use preferential voting?

►►Avoids cost and time of reAvoids cost and time of re--balloting in the event ofballoting in the event of►►Avoids cost and time of reAvoids cost and time of re balloting in the event of balloting in the event of a tie.a tie.

►► Enables a group to make the most desirableEnables a group to make the most desirable►► Enables a group to make the most desirable Enables a group to make the most desirable choice by taking into account each voter’s second choice by taking into account each voter’s second (or third, or fourth, etc.) choice.(or third, or fourth, etc.) choice.

►►Method of voting prescribed in WVAGP’s Bylaws Method of voting prescribed in WVAGP’s Bylaws for future elections to Board of Directors.for future elections to Board of Directors.

►► Previously used by WVAGP to select our logo and Previously used by WVAGP to select our logo and slogan.slogan.




How does preferential voting work?How does preferential voting work?How does preferential voting work?How does preferential voting work?


Count voters’Count voters’Count voters Count voters 11stst choicechoice



Does a Does a candidatecandidateca d dateca d date

havehavemajority?majority?





Candidate selectedCandidate selected

Yes










Does a Does a candidatecandidate No

Eliminate candidate(s) with lowest votesEliminate candidate(s) with lowest votesca d dateca d datehavehave

majority?majority?

Eliminate candidate(s) with lowest votesEliminate candidate(s) with lowest votes





majority?majority?


Redistribute those votes among remainingRedistribute those votes among remainingRedistribute those votes among remaining Redistribute those votes among remaining candidate(s) by ranking until majority achievedcandidate(s) by ranking until majority achieved





majority?majority?


Redistribute those votes among remainingRedistribute those votes among remaining


Redistribute those votes among remaining Redistribute those votes among remaining candidate(s) by ranking until majority achievedcandidate(s) by ranking until majority achieved


Preferential Voting WorkflowPreferential Voting WorkflowPreferential Voting WorkflowPreferential Voting Workflow




majority?majority?


Redistribute those votes among remainingRedistribute those votes among remaining


YesRedistribute those votes among remaining Redistribute those votes among remaining candidate(s) by ranking until majority achievedcandidate(s) by ranking until majority achieved





Preferential Voting ScenariosPreferential Voting Scenarios( l ti i l did t )( l ti i l did t )(selecting single candidate)(selecting single candidate)

►►WVAGP Board of Directors is electing aWVAGP Board of Directors is electing a►►WVAGP Board of Directors is electing a WVAGP Board of Directors is electing a President.President.

►►11 voting members on Board11 voting members on Board►►11 voting members on Board.11 voting members on Board.►►Three candidates running for President: Three candidates running for President:

K t J i d M ttK t J i d M ttKurt, Jennings and Matt.Kurt, Jennings and Matt.►►Each of 11 voters rank all the candidates in Each of 11 voters rank all the candidates in

order of their preference and submit their order of their preference and submit their ballot.ballot.

Scenario 1Scenario 1 -- Votes are talliedVotes are talliedScenario 1 Scenario 1 Votes are talliedVotes are tallied

RankRank 4 Votes4 Votes 2 Votes2 Votes 1 Vote1 Vote 3 Votes3 Votes 1 Vote1 Vote

11stst Kurt Kurt MattMatt MattMatt JenningsJennings JenningsJennings

22ndnd JenningsJennings KurtKurt JenningsJennings KurtKurt MattMatt22 JenningsJennings KurtKurt JenningsJennings KurtKurt MattMatt

33rdrd MattMatt JenningsJennings KurtKurt MattMatt KurtKurt

11stst Preferences are tallied; no Preferences are tallied; no did t h j itdid t h j itcandidate has majoritycandidate has majority





= Kurt (4 votes), Jennings (4 votes), Matt (3 votes)

Candidate with fewest votes eliminated; Candidate with fewest votes eliminated; t di t ib t d d t lli dt di t ib t d d t lli dvotes redistributed and talliedvotes redistributed and tallied





= Kurt (6 votes), Jennings (5 votes)

Candidate has majority; Candidate has majority; i l t d ii l t d iis selected as winner is selected as winner





= Kurt (6 votes), Jennings (5 votes)= 6 out of 11 votes > 50%,

therefore Kurt is winner






11stst Preferences are tallied; no Preferences are tallied; no did t h j itdid t h j itcandidate has majoritycandidate has majority





= Kurt (5 votes), Jennings (3 votes), Matt (3 votes)

Candidates with fewest votes eliminated;Candidates with fewest votes eliminated;t di t ib t d d t lli dt di t ib t d d t lli dvotes redistributed and talliedvotes redistributed and tallied





= Kurt (11 votes)

Candidate has majority; Candidate has majority; i l t d ii l t d iis selected as winneris selected as winner





= Kurt (11 votes)= 11 out of 11 votes > 50%,

therefore Kurt is winner


RankRank 6 Votes6 Votes 2 Votes2 Votes 1 Vote1 Vote 1 Vote1 Vote 1 Vote1 Vote




11stst Preferences are talliedPreferences are tallied11 Preferences are talliedPreferences are tallied





= Kurt (6 votes), Matt (3 votes)Jennings (2 votes)g ( )

11stst Preferences are tallied; Preferences are tallied; did t h j itdid t h j itcandidate has majoritycandidate has majority






= 6 out of 11 votes > 50%, therefore Kurt is winner

Scenario 4 Scenario 4 -- Votes are tallied Votes are tallied ( l 10 t t)( l 10 t t)(only 10 votes cast)(only 10 votes cast)

RankRank 5 Votes5 Votes 2 Votes2 Votes 1 Vote1 Vote 2 Votes2 Votes

11stst Kurt Kurt MattMatt MattMatt JenningsJennings

22ndnd JenningsJennings KurtKurt JenningsJennings MattMatt22 JenningsJennings KurtKurt JenningsJennings MattMatt

33rdrd MattMatt JenningsJennings KurtKurt KurtKurt

1st Preferences are tallied; no 1st Preferences are tallied; no did t h j itdid t h j itcandidate has majoritycandidate has majority






Candidates with fewest votes eliminated;Candidates with fewest votes eliminated;t di t ib t d d t lli dt di t ib t d d t lli dvotes redistributed and talliedvotes redistributed and tallied





= Kurt (5 votes), Matt (5 votes)

Candidates have achieved a tie; Candidates have achieved a tie; candidate with greatest # ofcandidate with greatest # ofcandidate with greatest # of candidate with greatest # of

11stst Preferences chosenPreferences chosen





= Kurt (5 votes), Matt (5 votes)

= Kurt (5 1st Preferences) > Matt (3 1st= Kurt (5 1st Preferences) > Matt (3 1st

Preferences), therefore Kurt is winner

Selecting Multiple CandidatesSelecting Multiple CandidatesSelecting Multiple CandidatesSelecting Multiple Candidates

►►Voters indicate their order of preferenceVoters indicate their order of preference►►Voters indicate their order of preference Voters indicate their order of preference among names in a single list of candidates, among names in a single list of candidates, just as if only one was to be electedjust as if only one was to be electedjust as if only one was to be elected. just as if only one was to be elected.

►►The counting procedure is the same as with The counting procedure is the same as with a single candidate except that it isa single candidate except that it isa single candidate, except that it is a single candidate, except that it is continued until all but the necessary number continued until all but the necessary number of candidates have been eliminatedof candidates have been eliminatedof candidates have been eliminated.of candidates have been eliminated.

Preferential Voting ScenarioPreferential Voting Scenario( l ti lti l did t )( l ti lti l did t )(selecting multiple candidates)(selecting multiple candidates)

►►WVAGP is electing two Board membersWVAGP is electing two Board members►►WVAGP is electing two Board members.WVAGP is electing two Board members.►►50 voting WVAGP members.50 voting WVAGP members.

F did t i f th B d K tF did t i f th B d K t►►Four candidates running for the Board: Kurt, Four candidates running for the Board: Kurt, Jennings, Rob and Matt.Jennings, Rob and Matt.

►►Each of 50 voters rank all the candidates in Each of 50 voters rank all the candidates in order of their preference and submit their order of their preference and submit their ballot.ballot.


RankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 VotesRankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 Votes

11stst Kurt Kurt MattMatt RobRob JenningsJennings RobRob

22ndnd RobRob RobRob MattMatt KurtKurt MattMatt

33rdrd JenningsJennings KurtKurt JenningsJennings RobRob JenningsJennings

44thth MattMatt JenningsJennings KurtKurt MattMatt KurtKurt44 MattMatt JenningsJennings KurtKurt MattMatt KurtKurt

11stst Preferences are talliedPreferences are tallied11 Preferences are talliedPreferences are tallied

RankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 VotesRankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 Votes





= Kurt (18 votes), Jennings (12 votes), Rob (11 votes), Matt (9 votes)( ), ( )

Candidate with fewest votes eliminated; Candidate with fewest votes eliminated; t di t ib t d d t lli dt di t ib t d d t lli d

RankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 Votes

votes redistributed and talliedvotes redistributed and talliedRankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 Votes





= Rob (20 votes), Kurt (18 votes), Jennings (12 votes)g ( )

Candidate with fewest votes eliminated; Candidate with fewest votes eliminated; ll b t t did t li i t dll b t t did t li i t d

RankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 Votes

all but two candidates eliminatedall but two candidates eliminatedRankRank 18 Votes18 Votes 9 Votes9 Votes 7 Votes7 Votes 12 Votes12 Votes 4 Votes4 Votes





= Kurt (30 votes), Rob (20 votes)K t d R b i= Kurt and Rob are winners

Questions?Questions?Questions?Questions?

Mary McAleeseMary McAleesePresident of IrelandPresident of Ireland

Date post:	02-Apr-2018
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