Prejudice and
Stereotypes
Prejudice
• A rigid and unfair generalization about an entire category of people
• Prejudices are prejudgments that can be either positive or negative
Positive Prejudices
• Exaggerate the virtues of people
like ourselves
Negative Prejudices
• Can be expressed as
anything from mild dislike to outright hostility• These attitudes are rooted in culture,
everyone has some prejudice
Stereotype
• A simplified description applied to every person in some category.
• Both majorities and minorities have certain stereotypes
Do you see stereotypes in
common phrases?
• “French kiss”
• “Dutch treat”
• “Indian giver”
• “Being “gypped”
Measuring Social Distance
•Emory Bogardus (1925) developed a scale to measure social distance:• how willing people are to interact
with members of some category• https://www.brocku.ca/
MeadProject/Bogardus/Bogardus_1925c.html
Racism
• The belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another
Theories of Prejudice•Scapegoat Theory
•Prejudice springs from frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged
Theories of Prejudice•Authoritarian Personality
Theory-• Authoritarian personalities
conform to traditional values and morals
• Authoritarians believe society is naturally competitive and there are better people like themselves
Theories of Prejudice•Culture Theory-
•Some prejudice is found in everyone because prejudice is part of the culture we live in
Theories of Prejudice
•Conflict Theory #1-• Prejudice is used as a tool for
powerful people to oppress others
• Conflict Theory #2-• Minorities encourage race
consciousness and claim they are victims entitled to certain privileges based on their race
Discrimination• Unequal treatment of various
categories of people
• Prejudice Attitudes• Discrimination Actions• Institutional Prejudice and
Discrimination- bias built into the operation of society’s institutions (schools, hospitals, police, workplace)
The history of race and
ethnicity in the U.S…