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WELCOME TO THESIS PRESENTATION
WELCOME TO
THESIS PRESENTATION
TITLE
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION AND
INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT
IN WHEAT CULTIVATION
PRESENTED BY
S. M. MEHEDI HASSANREG NO: 05-01540
SEMESTER: JANUARY-JUNE, 2011DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY
SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITYDHAKA - 1207
SUPERVISORMd. Sadrul Anam Sardar
ProfessorDepartment of Agronomy
Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University
CO-SUPERVISOR
Dr. Parimal Kanti Biswas
Professor
Department of Agronomy
Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University
INTRODUCTION
Wheat
Importance
Rank
Staple food
Area
Requirement
Production
Wheat growing seasons
OBJECTIVES
To determine the optimum time and interval of
irrigation in wheat production.
To determine the optimum time and type of
weeding in wheat production.
To determine the interaction effect of irrigation
and weeding in wheat production.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Experimental site The experiment was conduct during the period
November, 2010– March, 2011 in the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka under the Agro-ecological zone of Modupur tract (AEZ-28).
Climate The experimental area belongs to the sub-
tropical climate. The average relative humidity, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, total rainfall and daily average sunshine hour of the experimental site varied as 69-84%, 25.8-32.5◦ C, 14.1-26.3◦ C, 12.8-373.1 mm and 3-5.7, respectively.
Experimental TreatmentFactor A: Irrigation – 4 levels• I0= Control
• I1= One irrigation at CRI stage (20 DAS)
• I2= Two irrigations at CRI and Milking stage (20 and 50 DAS)
• I3= Three irrigations at CRI, Milking and grain filling stages (20 , 50 and 75 DAS)
Factor B: Weeding – 4 levels• W0= No irrigation
• W1= Mechanical weeding at 19 and 60 DAS
• W2= Chemical weeding at 19 and 60 DAS
• W3=Mechanical + Chemical weeding at 19 and 60 DAS
Recording of Data
Crop growth characters• Plant height (cm)• Tillers meter-1 (No.)• Fresh weight (g)• Dry weight (g)
Yield contributing characters• Spike length (cm)• Effective tillers meter-1 (No.)• Non effective tillers-1 (No.)• Weight of 1000- grain (g)
Yield• Grain yield (t ha-1)• Straw yield (t ha-1)• Biological yield (t ha-1)• Harvest index (%)
Experimental design The experiment was laid out in a split-plot
design with three replications assigning irrigati0n levels in the main plots and weed management in the sub-plots. There were 16 treatment combinations. The total number of unit plots was 48. The size of unit plot was 3m x 3 m.
Analysis of data The data collected on different parameters were
statistically analyzed to obtain the level of significance using MSTAT-C program. The mean differences among the treatments were compared by multiple comparison tests using Least Significance Difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A
`
Days After Sowing
Figure 1. Plant height at different growth stages of wheat as influenced by time of irrigation.
I0 = No irrigation I1 = One irrigation
I2 = Two irrigations I3 = Three irrigations application
60 75 90 At Harvest0
20
40
60
80
100
120
64.4
9
77.8
7
79.4
9
96.3
2
66.8
3
79.5
2
81.6
3
98.5
4
68.4
9 78.4
3
79.5
2
98.2
1
69.1
6
82.2
83.9
5
102.2
I0I1I2I3
Pla
nt
Heig
ht(
cm
)
Figure 2. Plant height at different stages of wheat as influenced by types of weeding managements
W0 = No weeding W1 = Two mechanical weeding
W2 = Two chemical weeding W3 = Two mechanical + chemical weeding
60 75 90 At Harvest0
20
40
60
80
100
120
65.9
4
77.1
6
78.3
2
96.5
5
67.7
2 79.1
22
79.3
98.6
3
67.7
2
80.9
6
82.1
3
99.7
9
67.9
4
81.7
8
84.8
4
100.3
W0W1W2W3
Days After Sowing
Pla
nt
Heig
ht
(cm
)
Table 1. Plant height of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by the interaction of irrigation and integrated weed management
Treatments Plant height (cm)60 DAS 75 DAS 90 DAS At harvest
Interaction
I0W0 62.11 72.37 73.26 92.01I1W0 69 77.64 81.73 99.12I2W0 66.87 79.62 87.16 99.41I3W0 70.05 81.51 83.92 99.33I0W1 64.54 83.53 84.03 101.4I1W1 68.37 83.72 84.67 100.8I2W1 71.98 79.81 80.65 99.7I3W1 66.25 76.78 79.18 97.33I0W2 65.79 83.41 83.62 100.6I1W2 62.55 76.75 86.56 92.57I2W2 69.15 83.94 83.35 100.6I3W2 69.94 81.5 76.97 97.19I0W3 65.72 77.29 78.73 98.18I1W3 62.74 75.44 76.57 95.55I2W3 70.17 76.3 81.23 103.3I3W3 72.24 86.47 87.16 104.2
LSD0.05 2.027 1.093 0.5058 0.2689CV (%) 5.57 4.48 8.88 6.16
Figure 3. Number of tillers meter-1 of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by time of irrigation
I0 = No irrigation I1 = One irrigation
I2 = Two irrigations I3 = Three irrigations application
60 75 90125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
138.4
150.8
148.5
139.2
152.4
153.1
140.1
156.1
154.2
144.4
156.4
157.7
I0I1I2I3
Days after sowing
Til
ler
Nu
mb
er
Figure 4. Number of tillers meter-1 of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by weeding managements
W0 = No weeding W1 = Two mechanical weeding
W2 = Two chemical weeding W3 = Two mechanical + chemical weeding
60 75 90120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
135.3
149.4
150.1
138.5
153.2
151.6
139.6
156
154
142.6
157.1
157.8
W0W1W2W3
Days after sowing
Til
ler
Nu
mb
er
Table 2. Number of tillers meter-1 of wheat at different growth stage as influenced by time of irrigation and integrated weed management
Treatments Number of tillers meter-1 60 DAS 75 DAS 90 DAS
InteractionI0W0 125 147.3 143.3I1W0 129.7 161.3 147.3I2W0 135 152 150I3W0 137.7 152 157.3I0W1 132.7 151 151I1W1 127.3 148.3 148.7I2W1 139 148.3 144I3W1 130.7 150 156.7I0W2 136 152.3 148.3I1W2 142.7 163.7 163.3I2W2 130.3 152.3 161.3I3W2 135.3 153 149.3I0W3 139 154.3 153.3I1W3 136.7 155.3 157.3I2W3 137.7 155 157I3W3 144.7 166.3 165.3
LSD0.05 11.37 9.789 10.47CV (%) 5.05 4.08 4.09
60 75 900
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
44 49.0
9 52.4
44.1
7 49.1
9
52.9
5
45.5
7
49.4
1 55.7
1
45.9
5 50.9
6
58.0
7
I0I1I2I3
Days after sowing
Pla
nt
Fre
sh W
eig
ht(
g)
Figure 5. Fresh weight of ten plants of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by
time of irrigation
I0 = No irrigation I1 = One irrigationI2 = Two irrigations I3 = Three irrigations application
60 75 900
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
43.8
6
48.0
2 52.7
5
44.7
4 49.9
7
53.1
8
45.2
6 50.1 5
5.5
7
45.8
4 50.5
6 57.6
3
W0W1W2W3
Days After Sowing
Pla
nt
Fre
sh
Weig
ht(
g)
Fig. 6 Fresh weight of ten plants of wheat at different growth stages as influenced
by integrated weed management W0 = No weeding W1 = Two mechanical weedingW2 = Two chemical weeding W3 = Two mechanical + chemical weeding
Table 3. Fresh weight of ten plants of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by time of irrigation and integrated weed management
Treatments Fresh weight60 DAS 75 DAS 90 DAS
InteractionI0W0 42.4 46.44 49.12I1W0 44.55 49.79 55.42I2W0 42.6 50.78 56.25I3W0 45.87 47.39 50.85I0W1 45.52 54.7 59.12I1W1 43.38 47.19 54.3I2W1 46.37 49.96 54.25I3W1 45.76 48.54 54.6I0W2 42.69 53.14 61.73I1W2 46.24 48.03 50.78I2W2 44.68 50.32 51.1I3W2 44.91 48.4 61.18I0W3 46.45 48.22 50.83I1W3 44.94 49.35 52.87I2W3 45.71 46.65 51.05I3W3 46.69 55.71 63.07
LSD0.05 10.11 6.509 1.944CV (%) 9.01 7.68 2.13
Fig. 7 Dry weight of ten plants of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by time of irrigation
I0 = No irrigation I1 = One irrigation
I2 = Two irrigations I3 = Three irrigations application
60 75 900
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
13.9
5 15.7
5
22.8
9
13.9
8
18.6
5
24.2
7
14.7
3
21.4
5
26.8
5
14.7
9
22.4
3
28.7
2
I0I1I2I3
Days After Sowing
Dry
Weig
ht(
g)
60 75 900
5
10
15
20
25
30
14.2
8 16.6
2
22.4
7
14.3
1
19.9
2
25.2
3
14.3
9
21.0
3
26.5
9
14.4
6
21.2
1
28.4
4
W0W1W2W3
Days After Sowing
Dry
Weig
ht(
g)
Fig. 8 Dry weight of ten plants of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by integrated weed managementW0 = No weeding W1 = Two mechanical weedingW2 = Two chemical weeding W3=Two mechanical + chemical weeding
Table 4. Dry weight of ten plants of wheat at different growth stages as influenced by time of irrigation and integrated weed management
Treatments Dry weight60 DAS 75 DAS 90 DAS
InteractionI0W0 13.81 15.79 20.52I1W0 15.3 19.9 26.02I2W0 13.21 24.46 31.96I3W0 14.18 20.2 24.78I0W1 14.13 24.1 28.77I1W1 13.4 19.68 27.93I2W1 15.22 20.27 23.62I3W1 14.81 20.07 26.05I0W2 13.8 17.52 23.92I1W2 14.82 16.6 22.47I2W2 14.51 20.66 24.57I3W2 14 17.46 30.98I0W3 14.65 16.71 21.4I1W3 13.97 16.46 23.5I2W3 14.43 20.27 21.07I3W3 15.53 24.94 33.35
LSD0.05 3.501 4.49 3.687CV (%) 14.62 13.67 4.89
Table 5. Effect of different number of irrigation on yield and yield contributing characters of wheat spike length, 1000 seed weight, grain
yield, straw yield and harvest index
Treatments
Spike length(cm)
1000- grainweight (g)
Grain yield(t ha-1)
straw yield(t ha-1)
Harvest index
(%)
Irrigation
I0 8.9 41.43 1.95 6.28 21.44
I1 11.4 41.63 2.01 6.33 23.51
I2 11.9 43.59 2.05 6.68 24.39
I3 13.07 44.82 2.16 7.2 25.55
LSD0.05 1.071 3.008 0.1162 0.4425 1.645
CV (%) 0.5 2.72 1.75 3.08 3.01
Table 6. Effect of different integrated weed management on yield and yield contributing characters of wheat spike length, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index
Treatments
Spike length(cm)
1000- grain weight (g)
Grain yield(t ha-1)
straw yield(t ha-1)
Harvest index (%)
Weeding
W0 8.5 38.18 1.75 6.11 20
W1 11.3 43.15 2.02 6.62 24.92
W2 11.7 44.56 2.19 6.67 24.96
W3 12.8 45.58 2.21 7.09 25
LSD0.05 1.084 3.035 0.08217 0.5325 1.854
CV (%) 0.5 2.72 1.75 3.08 3.01
Table 7. Effect of different number of irrigation and integrated weed management on yield and yield contributing characters of wheat spike length, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index
Treatments Spike length(cm)
1000- grain weight (g)
Grain yield(t ha-1)
straw yield
(t ha-1)
Harvest index
(%)Interaction
I0W0 8.07 37.42 1.72 5.33 17.57I1W0 8.4 38.28 1.81 6.26 22.39I2W0 8.6 38.59 1.74 7.47 18.9I3W0 8.45 38.44 1.75 6.43 21.14I0W1 8.4 38.77 1.8 6.9 20.69I1W1 8.26 41.37 2.01 6.4 27.31I2W1 8.37 47.03 2.10 6.05 25.8I3W1 9.6 45.44 2.15 6.17 25.89I0W2 8.34 39.43 1.79 7.3 19.7I1W2 8.29 42.91 2.11 5.62 27.32I2W2 10.9 49.92 2.47 6.97 26.18I3W2 8.557 50.07 2.45 6.78 26.81I0W3 8.3 38.98 1.80 6.2 22.54I1W3 9.3 42.28 2.13 7.87 21.28I2W3 8.543 46.41 2.37 5.97 27.56I3W3 11.8 50.56 2.48 8.23 28.46
LSD0.05 0.6956 1.947 0.05273 0.3417 1.19CV (%) 0.5 2.72 1.75 3.08 3.01
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
At harvest three irrigations gave maximum total dry matter of plant (28.72 g), highest number of tillers meter-1 (157.7) and highest value of 1000-grain weight (44.82 g). As a result three irrigations contributed to higher grain yield (2.159 t ha-1)
Two mechanical + chemical weeding gave the tallest plant height (100.3 cm), highest number of tillers meter-1 (157.8), longest spike length (12.08 cm) and highest value of 1000-grain weight (45.58 g). As a result two mechanical + chemical weeding contribute to higher grain yield (2.213 t ha-1).
The treatment combination of three irrigations and two mechanical + chemical weeding produce the tallest plant (104.2 cm), longest spike length (11.8 cm), highest number of tillers meter-1 (166.3) and highest value of 1000-grain weight (50.56 g) and thus ultimately contribute to the total grain yield (2.483 t ha-1)
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the results of the present study it could be recommended that three irrigations along with two mechanical + chemical weeding has increased the production of wheat.
However, to reach a specific conclusion and recommendation the same experiment need to be repeated and more research work should be done over different Agro-ecological zones to find out the best combination of irrigation and weed management practice.
THANK YOU
