Presentation Kump Ramly

8/3/2019 Presentation Kump Ramly

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6.7 EVALUATING EATING

HABITS


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EVALUATING EATING HABITS

Good eating habits mean taking food in the correct quantity at thecorrect time.

Good eating habits includes:- taking meals at appropriate time- refraining from overeating or eating too little during a meal- eating a balanced diet

- eating sufficient amounts of fibre from fruits and vegetables- drinking at least 2 to 3 litres of water daily. This will help to flush

out toxins fromthe body.

- avoiding excessive fatty food and food rich in sugar or high in

sodium Poor eating habits are ussualy associated with various health

problem which affect many people.


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HEALTH PROBLEM RELATED TO EATING HABITS

GASTRITIS

A condition in which the epithelial lining of the stomach becomeinflamed or damaged.

It happen because the absence food in the stomach will result in

the acidic gastric juice acting on the epithelial lining of the stomach

wall. When the breach in the stomach lining develops into a hole, a

gastric ulcer results.

Inflammation and damage to the stomach lining can also caused by:

- excessive alcohol consumption and stress

- Taking aspirins and other pain relievers regularly.

- Increases by the presences ofHelicobacter pylori

Treatment- taking medication such as antacids


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Anorexia nervosa

A psychological disorder characterized by intentionally depriving oneself

of food to achieve a severe loss in body weight.

They lose their appetite to eat or do not want to eat at all because offear gaining weight.

They lose both fat and muscle and this eventually leads to disruption ofthe function

of the heart, endocrine system and reproductive system.

This condition is potentially fatal and is recognized as a psychological

disorder.

Treatment

- through nutrition and gradual restoration of body mass can correct

some of the physical symptoms.

- counseling


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BULIMIA

Is characterized by sequences of excessive food intake and

purging to counteract the effect of the binge.

The victim feel out of control and are unable to stop eating

during a binge. This will followed by purging through self-

induced vomiting and misuse of laxatives or diuretics.

Repeated purging results in serious injury to the digestive tractand can cause an imbalance of mineral salts in the blood.

Symptoms malnutrition, hormonal imbalance, increased risk

of disease such as influenza, kidney and cardiovascular problem

and liver disease. Treatment observing the patient to ensure that the person

eats correctly, obtains counseling and medications.


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OBESITY.Is defined as the condition where a person`s body weight exceed 20%

the normal weight (according to height)..An obese person is predisposed to a number of diseases:

- Cardiovascular diseases

- hypertension

- diabetes mellitus

Factors which lead to obesity include:

- eating excessively

- eating too much carbohydrates and fats

- lack of exercise

Treatment

practicing a balanced diet and eating not more than what isrequired by the body.


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NUTRIENT CONTENT IN FOOD Good eating habits also involved choosing wisely the type of food

we eat. The nutrient content of commercially packaged food is provided on

the nutritional labels.

The labels on food packets and containers provides complete

information about the total calories per serving and the contents of

various nutrients.

When choosing food, we must consider the

- nutritional contents of the food

- freshness of the food (check the expired date)

- presence of food additives such as flavorings, colourings, andpreservatives.

The nutritional information obtained from these sources will help

reduced health problems related to poor eating habits. Consumers

should practise a critical attitude when choosing commercial food.


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THE IMPORTANCE OF HEALTHY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Effects of defective of digestive system

- if the alimentary canal is not healthy, the rest of the body willbe affected.It is here that complex food substances are converted into

simple, soluble molecules.- for example, a defective pancreas or stomach may disrupt

food digestion because the secretion of gastric and pancreaticjuices may halted.

- if the intestinal lining becomes inflamed or damaged, foodabsorption will disrupted.

- as a result, body cells will be deprived of nutrients. This canweaken the immune system and make us more prone toinfections and diseases.

- it is important to take care of our digestive system bypractising good eating habits.


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Taking care of digestive system

- take proper meal at regular times of the

day.

- we should avoid taking junk food whichincludes food that are high in salt, sugar, fast

vitamins or minerals and contain lot of

calories from sugar or fats


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THE IMPORTANCE OF MACNUTRIENTS AND MICRONUTRIENTS IN PLANTS.

Mineral elements are essential chemical element required by

plants to achieve optimumgrowth and development.

MINERAL ELEMENTS

MACRONUTRIENTS

- Element required by

plant in relatively large

amounts.

- Most abundant elements- form the major

ingredients of organic

compounds.

MICRONUTRIENTS

- Elements that are

required by plants in small

quantities.- In the water culture

method,the quantities

that are needed are as

little as one part per

million.


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Macronutrients Functions Effect of deficiency

Nitrogen Synthesis of protein for

photosynthesis

Important for rapid stem and leaf

growth

Stunted growth

Chlorosis

Phosphorus Synthesis of nucleic acid, ATP and

phospholipid.

Acts as coenzymes

Poor root growth

Formation of dull, dark

green leaves.

Red or purple spot on old

leaf

Potassium Protein synthesis

Carbohydrates metabolism

A cofactor for many enzymes

Reduced protein synthesis

Yellow-edges leaves

Premature death of plants

Calcium A major constituents of the middle

lamella of cell walls

Formation of spindle fibres

Stunted growth

Leaves become distorted

and cuppedMagnesium Synthesis of chlorophyll

Activates many plants enzymes

Red spots on leaf surfaces

Leaves becomes cupped

Sulphur Synthesis of certain amino acid

and nucleic acids

Synthesis of vitamin B and somecoenzymes

General yellowing of the

affected leaves of the

entire plants.


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Micronutrients Function Effects of deficiency

Boron Aid in calcium ion uptake by roots and

translocation of sugars

Carbohydrates metabolism

Death of terminal buds

Abnormal plant growth.

Leaves become thick,

curled and brittle.Copper Important component of enzymes.

Involved in nitrogen metabolism and

photosynthesis.

Death of young shoot tips

Brown spots appear on

terminal leaves.

Plants are stunted

Iron A cofactor in the synthesis of

chlorophyll

Essential for young growing plants.

Yellowing of young leaves.

Manganese Activator of the synthesis of

photosynthesis, respiration and

nitrogen metabolism.

Brown or green spot

between the veins.

Molybdenum Involved in nitrogen fixation

Reduction of nitrates

Chlorosis

Pale green leaves

Zinc Formation of leaves

Synthesis of auxin

Acts as cofactor in carbohydratesmatabolism

Retarded growth

Mottled leaves with

irregular areas of chlorosis.


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