VIETNAM AND CHINA•Vietnam was under the shadow of Chinese

empire.

•(i)Vietnam followed the Chinese system of

government and Chinese culture.

•(ii)Chinese language was the language of

the

educated Vietnamese people. They

followed Chinese system of education.

•(iii)Confucianism, a Chinese religion, had

many followers in Vietnam.

•(iv)Vietnam was connected to Maritime silk

route.

FRANCE AND OTHER EUROPEAN

POWERS LOOKED FOR COLONIES•Colonies were necessary due to the

following reasons:

•(i)They were rich in natural resources. So,

they provide draw materials to European

industries.

•(ii)Europeans could use colonies as

markets to sell their finished goods.

•(iii)Europeans wanted to spread western

culture in the colonies.

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

UNDERTAKEN BY FRANCE IN

VIETNAM•The French built irrigation canals. They

drained

Mekong delta and encouraged rice

cultivation.

•They built roads and railway lines .For

example :-

Trans Indo China railway route.

•Rubber plantation was introduced in

Vietnam.

•Land reform measures were undertaken.

PAUL BERNARD ASKED THE

FRENCH TO TAKE STEPS TO

DEVELOP VIETNAM

•According to Paul Bernard, colonies

were acquired with the aim of making

profits.

•If colonies were developed, the

standard of living of the people would

improve.

•The people would demand more and

BARRIERS TO ECONOMIC

GROWTH IN VIETNAM

•Huge population size.

•Low agricultural

productivity.

•Indebtedness among the

peasants

SCHOOL TEXT BOOKS

•The school textbooks glorified French

culture and supported French rule.

•The Vietnamese were shown as primitive

and backward people.

•The Vietnamese could do only manual

labour not intellectual labour.

•The children were made to believe that

only French rule could provide peace to

Vietnam.

•The schools forced the students to give up

Vietnamese lifestyle and follow French

lifestyle.

END OF THE WAR•(i)Common people of the U.S.A

opposed their country’s

involvement in the war. Movies

and media showed the miseries

of the American soldiers.

•(ii)American forces suffered

heavy damages. Many were

killed in the war.

•(iii)World opinion turned

against the U.S. many writers

and thinkers supported Vietnam.

•(iv)A peace agreement was

signed in January 1974 and the

war ended when Saigon was

freed.